Did the Shark Eat the Watchdog in the NTP Pool? Deceiving the NTP Pool’s Monitoring System

Authors: 

Jonghoon Kwon, ETH Zürich; Jeonggyu Song and Junbeom Hur, Korea University; Adrian Perrig, ETH Zürich

Abstract: 

The NTP pool has become a critical infrastructure for modern Internet services and applications. With voluntarily joined thousands of timeservers, it supplies millions of distributed (heterogeneous) systems with time. While numerous efforts have been made to enhance NTP's accuracy, reliability, and security, unfortunately, the NTP pool attracts relatively little attention. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive analysis of NTP pool security, in particular the NTP pool monitoring system, which oversees the correctness and responsiveness of the participating servers. We first investigate strategic attacks that deceive the pool's health-check system to remove legitimate timeservers from the pool. Then, through empirical analysis using monitoring servers and timeservers injected into the pool, we demonstrate the feasibility of our approaches, show their effectiveness, and debate the implications. Finally, we discuss designing a new pool monitoring system to mitigate these attacks.

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BibTeX
@inproceedings {287362,
author = {Jonghoon Kwon and Jeonggyu Song and Junbeom Hur and Adrian Perrig},
title = {Did the Shark Eat the Watchdog in the {NTP} Pool? Deceiving the {NTP} {Pool{\textquoteright}s} Monitoring System},
booktitle = {32nd USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 23)},
year = {2023},
isbn = {978-1-939133-37-3},
address = {Anaheim, CA},
pages = {6151--6166},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity23/presentation/kwon},
publisher = {USENIX Association},
month = aug
}

Presentation Video