SoK (or SoLK?): On the Quantitative Study of Sociodemographic Factors and Computer Security Behaviors

Authors: 

Miranda Wei, University of Washington; Jaron Mink, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Yael Eiger and Tadayoshi Kohno, University of Washington; Elissa M. Redmiles, Georgetown University; Franziska Roesner, University of Washington

Abstract: 

Researchers are increasingly exploring how gender, culture, and other sociodemographic factors correlate with user computer security and privacy behaviors. To more holistically understand relationships between these factors and behaviors, we make two contributions. First, we broadly survey existing scholarship on sociodemographics and secure behavior (151 papers) before conducting a focused literature review of 47 papers to synthesize what is currently known and identify open questions for future research. Second, by incorporating contemporary social and critical theories, we establish guidelines for future studies of sociodemographic factors and security behaviors that address how to overcome common pitfalls. We present a case study to demonstrate our guidelines in action, at-scale, that conduct a measurement study of the relationships between sociodemographics and de-identified, aggregated log data of security and privacy behaviors among 16,829 users on Facebook across 16 countries. Through these contributions, we position our work as a systemization of a lack of knowledge (SoLK). Overall, we find contradictory results and vast unknowns about how identity shapes security behavior. Through our guidelines and discussion, we chart new directions to more deeply examine how and why sociodemographic factors affect security behaviors.

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BibTeX
@inproceedings {298034,
author = {Miranda Wei and Jaron Mink and Yael Eiger and Tadayoshi Kohno and Elissa M. Redmiles and Franziska Roesner},
title = {{SoK} (or {SoLK?)}: On the Quantitative Study of Sociodemographic Factors and Computer Security Behaviors},
booktitle = {33rd USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 24)},
year = {2024},
isbn = {978-1-939133-44-1},
address = {Philadelphia, PA},
pages = {7011--7030},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity24/presentation/wei-miranda-solk},
publisher = {USENIX Association},
month = aug
}

Presentation Video