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Securing RFIDs by Randomizing the Modulation and Channel

Authors: 

Haitham Hassanieh, Jue Wang, and Dina Katabi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Tadayoshi Kohno, University of Washington

Abstract: 

RFID cards are widely used in sensitive applications such as access control and payment systems. Past work shows that an eavesdropper snooping on the communication between a card and its legitimate reader can break their cryptographic protocol and obtain their secret keys. One solution to this problem is to install stronger encryption on the cards. However, RFIDs’ size, power, and cost limitations do not allow for strong encryption protocols. Further, changing the encryption on the cards requires revoking billions of cards in consumers’ hands, which is impracticable.

This paper presents RF-Cloak, a solution that protects RFIDs from the above attacks, without any changes to today’s cards. RF-Cloak achieves this performance using a novel transmission systemthat randomizes both themodulation and the wireless channels. It is the first system that defends RFIDs against MIMO eavesdroppers, even when the RFID reader has no MIMO capability. A prototype of our design built using software radios demonstrates its ability to protect commercial RFIDs from both single-antenna and MIMO eavesdroppers.

Haitham Hassanieh, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Jue Wang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Dina Katabi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tadayoshi Kohno, University of Washington

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BibTeX
@inproceedings {188978,
author = {Haitham Hassanieh and Jue Wang and Dina Katabi and Tadayoshi Kohno},
title = {Securing {RFIDs} by Randomizing the Modulation and Channel},
booktitle = {12th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 15)},
year = {2015},
isbn = {978-1-931971-218},
address = {Oakland, CA},
pages = {235--249},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi15/technical-sessions/presentation/hassanieh},
publisher = {USENIX Association},
month = may,
}
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