RobinHood: Tail Latency Aware Caching -- Dynamic Reallocation from Cache-Rich to Cache-Poor

Authors: 

Daniel S. Berger and Benjamin Berg, Carnegie Mellon University; Timothy Zhu, Pennsylvania State University; Siddhartha Sen, Microsoft Research; Mor Harchol-Balter, Carnegie Mellon University

Abstract: 

Tail latency is of great importance in user-facing web services. However, maintaining low tail latency is challenging, because a single request to a web application server results in multiple queries to complex, diverse backend services (databases, recommender systems, ad systems, etc.). A request is not complete until all of its queries have completed. We analyze a Microsoft production system and find that backend query latencies vary by more than two orders of magnitude across backends and over time, resulting in high request tail latencies.

We propose a novel solution for maintaining low request tail latency: repurpose existing caches to mitigate the effects of backend latency variability, rather than just caching popular data. Our solution, RobinHood, dynamically reallocates cache resources from the cache-rich (backends which don't affect request tail latency) to the cache-poor (backends which affect request tail latency). We evaluate RobinHood with production traces on a 50-server cluster with 20 different backend systems. Surprisingly, we find that RobinHood can directly address tail latency even if working sets are much larger than the cache size. In the presence of load spikes, RobinHood meets a 150ms P99 goal 99.7% of the time, whereas the next best policy meets this goal only 70% of the time.

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BibTeX
@inproceedings {222581,
author = {Daniel S. Berger and Benjamin Berg and Timothy Zhu and Siddhartha Sen and Mor Harchol-Balter},
title = {{RobinHood}: Tail Latency Aware Caching -- Dynamic Reallocation from {Cache-Rich} to {Cache-Poor}},
booktitle = {13th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 18)},
year = {2018},
isbn = {978-1-939133-08-3},
address = {Carlsbad, CA},
pages = {195--212},
url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/osdi18/presentation/berger},
publisher = {USENIX Association},
month = oct
}

Presentation Audio