... Memory¹

The work reported in this paper was supported in part by the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under grant F49620-01-1-0120.

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... node.²

We only show a partial list of processes running in the system due to space limitation, but other processes behave similarly.

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... transactions³

The activity factor, $f$, is obtained by dividing the number of memory transactions by the maximum possible number of memory transactions during non-idle time, $T_E-T_I$. The dividend is obtained from performance monitoring registers available on most modern processors, and the divisor is derived from the memory device's datasheet.

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... mode.⁴

Note that due to limitations in older ISA hardware, Linux for x86 already has support to limit DMA transactions to the first 16 MB of memory (i.e., within the first node).

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