Proceedings_-ImplementationK7$K70BOOKMOBI77*4l<AG KQW^3dS k s { D mW5Hթ*] f !!Y")/#0$8p%@=&H9'O(V)]*e+m,t-}.r/0%1 2I3456789z:h;G<=;>?@ -AGBCD&E.$F5OG<HD2IK1JRKYLaMiyNpOwPQR6SpTeUVW@X;YZl[4\]ޑ^_`a6b2c zdef ^g'h/#i6 j=GkE lLmS nZ-ob3pjkqrIrys[t u6vFw_x"yz{|Ǭ}-~<CB` !(07>|DLT\eltK|*?&_`*?؍M QF%-54<DNLT\fcks{.t}4؅%9b'//6>EMT\ckqxFwe2{?h^߹%<,4;[BIPdW_Og9nv~eJx@ʭڱPn e   . <&. 5=DKRYaiOpx%30~ S!5"#$n%&ܘ' ()i*+ , - h.  / 00 '1 02 73 >4 Ec5 M}6 U7 ]W8 e9 l&: r; y< = >> ? Q@ BA fB +C LD E wF KG H ڜI fJ K zL M N O P `Q 0R 'S /hT 74U >DV EW LX SY [eZ b[ jJ\ qk] x^ _ &` a b c qd Be f g (h Fi нj k ߙl m n o p "q ur s t #u +v 1w 9Gx ACy HEz O<{ V| ^} f~ o2 v }   v  k    9 Ȍ I ;  3    m    $ ++ 30 ;, B Jb Q X _ gf o v ~ %   * } K    y t ֮       '   $ + 4 ; B J% QC Y} _ e+ m uX }  d  t  S e x  ǝ  u      C"*17?FNU]dblZs{iu81xx[/ "^)219{?FrMV.]e\mt=|  ~  i  eSny;/% -Z!4";#D$K%Q&X'`(g)o*w+t,-./012/34²5A6p78 9:;<4=L>?@A%>B,C4&D;EC FJGQHYAI`JhKpLxqMNOPQ R0SfTEUGVȊWEXرYZ[\]^_G`a@b$c,|d3e:fB<gHGhNiVj^-kflnmw@nopcqrsZt)uvAwxyz/{,|}~yf &-4;B1IHQX`zhWpxUKj{U5޽z #*2D9AYGNU]Ydk[qyC#;P9`˞ڀWs&.B52tF;IWIX\sXxha c!"B#T$%&  ' o`( ) *!g+","-"."D/"0#1#I$2#@3#4$;,5$w$6$7$8%Jx9%:%;&.<&=&>')?'2@'PlA'gB'C'D'E(JF(G(H)\I) J)K)L)l\M)N*DO*dP*Q*R+GS+PT+\U+4V,BDW,GX,Y,Z, [-\-j]-^-_-`-la-b-c-d-e.f/Lg/[<h/di0Lj0k1Xl1m2(\n2\o33p3q4Tr4Ls4t5$u5mpv5|w6bx6y76Dz7P{8d(|8Δ}98~9`99:r :; H;4; ;8<< $d>8>?P@' @`A>AxABOTBB(CHC(D0 E@EF1FGpH9xHHI>ICI JK}KKKLKKKдK$K`L L \LL4hL7LBLJpLULL_LdLj8LrHLzLxL`LLLL`LLL0MxM(NfDNixNoOGOJ\P' P*PQQR;RARIS9STTU0 UUV:V,VDWFWWPX4TX8XYYkY,YZ(ZZ['0[sH[l[\\t\ڬ\4]^ ^h__^_`C8`Fx`I`PD`S\`a)ab5b9b= b@ bM bl b0 bݰb8bbc@c cccLc& c)ctdl d0eFef0gc,hDp h,!h"iP #j$$j@(%j&k28'k(k)lUx*l +mX,mT-m.m/m0nDP1o 2o43p 4pv5q@6qt7r=8r9sG\:sP;tzL<ud=um>u?v=@v`AwLBwCx00DxwExLFyDGyHz&IzJ{K{lL{͌M|DN|O} P}Q~5R SXTʀUZVd0WXxYrZ[\]^2_$`abtcdԨefgh,i(j6kClRhmanwo$pq`r|sLt8uvTXwxXyz{t8|8}-~`IT^$аU y,LTx|0y(p9T%xj@߈Q$0X6YD˴wZ@( |uB`tHlD@1\sL<|X"=GT,ahvT|(LX@`Ӑ49,7xLQH$ydZYT }D &PP$ }8  Nx gќ+B(G<`CSPw|p   q  @'$@MJWH[\Cd} !"`#$ $%&)'-p(:)V*+d,-t. /0ďH12ul3Ŋ4Ŋ5ŋ61jMOBI\\ P354EXTH eThe USENIX Associationm&2010 by The USENIX Association,f`@ @@@@@@@@@@@@CCDDDDL    )  Proceedings of NSDI '10: 7th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation  2010yheSENIXssociation
Allightseserved

Thisolume Ppublishedsollectiv0ork.Mtonidualapersemainthauthor w'smployer.ermissHgrad恌noncommerhlprodu`pof plee҄rarchrposes.-acknowledge@tradrksprein..____ 1emISBN 978-931971-73-7 +g 6gg777%oimgcex@1Im0"ooooo??OOOOO ConfncerganHrsȢ''h1ǣv8"justifyBPromo-Chaiǚwogg777gMiguelastro, LoxzolvisionTextn7HarialakrishnaCMassachusettsnHtuBchnologyOJohnyBoston _ǧPatrickrowleyJWashingint.oui7//ױױ׸ױ׸2effe Google,c.Dz?NFeams3eorgiaϾwOphaJ.reedm4Princeooooooo继Charlesilliurdueס____________\DejKićjcoleolytiqFdradeausann໗ǹǹǹǹǹǹǢhilipe StanfordgGG/G''''''''eetrosaniat|Ilesearcherke@W߿߿߿v> Michaelitzenmacher, HarvardniversityPoPessiChairx׿׿׿׿׿8džǻ߆ǻ'0rlesilliPurdue'wengommitxWqhomasnd(LWBr@obl8higaW____________\JennifRexd Xce ''''''''''''$Mikechroe*rosoft(searchnduhekkathwwwWWWWWWWWWWWWVAminahdat76CniSDiegoieoung+SENIXssociativeight="0"> <@%ׁ0"idthem.justifyXblockquoteGmfontace="serifY>TheSENIXssociationtaffJilloyce''g//ו______">MunghiangߛOיייכי">Georgeanezi@//o77gggggggSoniaahmy礯Wߢߢߢߤߢ">Pedroonseca//o77ߧgggggg">NaFosP筯W߫߫߫߭߫ߍxhar@GoldberGGwwwwwwwpBereen inϯϵ׶׷G">Andreasae(le''iellp0GOGGGGGGGG@WenjunuwwwwwW϶WW">EricellO?'ϺϺϺϺϺϺϺϿϺat0aaCurt_׾gggggggggYickcKeow?WWWWWWWWWWW9lanislovgggggggggggggsleyЭhggggggggggggg0sfandyarureshihozidRadunovicmolhethtupingwMartinucaukarramTariq">Luis־`'wwwwwwwwwwwwythiliutukurxdiv> Alexanderie8kD5%N-1WOsiz+1"?9NSDI ′10: 7thSENIXymposiumnetworkedstemses 8mplemation0P᎟??/April 2830, 2010ӏJose,A,PAwwY????aile0=0 35541 >Messromherogramo-Chairs.M32OOwOw/wvWednesday, ݑw="24ǛύǦǥClou`ervice'''dž/ǧǧ'''9362 >CЭ uge:ɦ(tLeaseanxQPartiingor aOײϮ׳wϚϳi>Atuldya,oogle;hnu@8colman,icrosoftesearchVolley:utomDatalzGeo-Disbu'!OOOOOGG߾߼ߎxSharagarwal,g`,avenduaiPStefPSaroiu,WWWS;arbinderhoUniversityforHoGǽϥwgǸ7777772251634 >OptimizCoser8xcennline59viNetworkWWW7G׹׾׹׹׾ ZheZhang,urduey;dbertreenP?Y. rlieȑ؂RaMahajaBl8eHrhiCorpo'''''׾'''''''!ireless 1߽߽߽߽߽߽߽߿߿߽߽߾߽߷360568 >Explor9Link1(2EfficiFloodyVSens𘿷ǷǷǾgTZiguoo T@esZhi-LiOInesotTw CY________'_/_______`467430 >SuptDeЎrApplics threquency-agРdio߸oookLeiٍ.CHniSanB;ׁHopTshua`Lilio,en)o, andaitaoheng,niversityfalifornia,antaarbara <ǀace="serifY>Peer-to-Aailepos=0574774 >C@racts:ЀAical ibutionnIs 2P̏HtreamingMichaeliatek ArviKrishnamurthyWashton;unenkatmanigcMassachusetts;҃rdaYaley;avidPPi(lexeraffewǘϚϘ682623 >ExpesthralCDN:ơh-Yearρ0aYView.GG/GGJ.reed0ri0p/yGGGGGGGGGGGGGG/*80911(WhānauSybil-pro8Dis[eyshable'''''WW?WWChesnhski-LaasMansˀhoek,ITSAILWebe)1Ϲ绯绷级ϳ937310rom:as 1BrowsxՀ2SpeculXEx`i߻׻׻׻׻׺_cJam(kens,eremylsoJXHowell,2Jayorch icrosoftesch///g/ooooo/oo/)1049062ebProphetutomX(Perforhceedic j_wwwwwgZZhHLNorthweq/qMlOM;Aoshe*u,taĈ0innc.;anÁ''$AlbertdznPgjYi-׃ג///w158 >MugpDeHminicaptureReplJavaScriptpplic onWנננҠrGOOOOOOb>Thursday,Hril 29/////////////)ireless 2og׻߼߻ϻ259459 >AccuRate:ØtșJaseś@أQ5Networkon Souviken,aveenanthapuri,ndomit0yhoudhury,ukeniversity;riharielakuditf XtharolinaScalableiFiediaelyhroughdaptxroadcastsRXOgg77777770154676Reee teOOOOOOOOJEntz-BassettTangton;rsha.qhyphCnihiego;ijay˩rhik_innesotCq(oJus0eher1PeWp,homasr` Arvi@KrishnamurthϻϻϻϻϻϻϻϽϽϻϻϼϻϻϻ664617eamlessGPgratiwithHraf˻ggggggggg'ggric˲HhJennifRexdHceغy;acobus erwowg>Da2tworkǻǻǻǻǻǻǨ759450 >ElicTree:0gnergy Çs''''BrhHRtanSierama Deutscheelekom&D;yahade0,wl-Pacd;iasAkoumis'PunarmaSuj1Baje;ickcKeowǰǻǿǿǻǽǽǻǻǼǻǻǻ87213SPAIN:OTS-ernultipatH(biXryopologiewJay XdigondPraveenalagulHPLMohammal-FareH'Jeffreyÿoguloooooooo7o??mth="0em">Hedera:ynamiclowchedulingorataenteretworks Mohammadl-Faresndivasankaradhakrishnan,niversityfalinia,aniego;arathghavWilliamsollege;lsonuaЃAminahdat7774noggggTyQCondie,iliwaPeIAlvaroJoseph.eXrsteiBerkeley;halelmegRussHars,ahoo!esch/߮߮߮߮ߥ///(Webrvic2WWϫW׶׶׽337302 >!Aitecturejlem𴘶PExtensible qCrawp________w__ZJo10siehteve.ribhHenry!LevWashtoߺϳ443306 >Prophecy:sHisto H-ThroughputaultoanO/////LSiddhar@WyaLloyd3Michael.reedmapȎyOWWWWWWWXFridQApr30o/////////////Malwar@_߿561313 >Cu:calaILogg隩IntrusPr!Syxms7翷϶2Vinh ALamǾǾS(Diego;&Mitzenmacher,arvardy;eorgeargh߃7_WǹϻϹ669490SplitSc@n:naEffici,stHuteИeiй￷KaKChIuliIoraru,iyonganghohnruelove,avidrumley,ndG.ndersen,arnegieellonnivity <ǀace="serif@ailepos=0002770729 >BehhoralluspiofTTP-BasedalwareBSatupGeneratis8iciousetworksRobertoerdisci,orgianstituЇpTechnologytmballa,0c.;enkee#Nickeamyoooooooo7o??ooo/oo%formance`02883708 >Glasnost:nablE0Uhs xDetect fficifferhi7777Marcelsch`erMassimilianorcoMPI-SWS;aikatuhicrosofteseh;rishna.mmadVRlhajantefXSaroiwwwwwwww?wGGwww7wwwr986951 > RE: q-Symdundyl Service (8pwtBishggarwaldia;dPaka"Ashok,wyqWon8MsonthuBalachra;ushkarhitnis_rau k{RamfijeeRearghC(ni8ShDiegowoooww7w???????'!3093086 >CheapLeAMsrHxǗData-IveeOWOOOOϑύtevenappeblwwwpSuath׹׾_ ǿ5%-1ѻleft߽¿siz+1"Ϲb>Messromherogramo-ChairhbOϿI׿'/0justify">NSDI ′10arries 1ؾjce'`r0pr((ngzbest QaPqns .e tropc,Pthaphpannaroad topicsIL8.wOψ΅0reced 175ubmissty2008yordrejectthreens"outview,causeyiolaørmatrequiremʓlPbyorI10%.ŲpaihasLateaXÌ̐8mmittPmembX*sel+85LJ1pHroԱ_eQ~7wodalRׄׄInmnuqcasywe `dxto9pl*exHti$|. 25OljÎ@endmeeʋpMITaDPZ14 on.8scuČ؄'wlyi嚢29.“ specialoleonferenceslaynurield,llapers8hepherdedyrogram8mmitteeembernwXupportth/,eceivhextrpag8toddressvies'ents.

ThisearSDIasoI0irelylectronicAceedings.n itionienviPimplica s,liminf(crel-ɌXstsowuJb؈؁`generowith; rXlfIauthotookvaHounitoludepwo|xlrytP.hiwe0lievequ`0auj-HsXifnt(`rҐPenlength(c!asidɔPʋʄsubstlongfXl pscaseleback pryhatcoЅinew-ormatǖǖǖǖǖǖDža8tefulzyonHhoseXrdorkapb/ssiblMx2ll*ibQ!ؓGBRXY2Opn蠘GEhlX 5participȎshiscu0!PCeyY`ߞ7rƆ:PexxtiXsto %Harialakrishn(S(là蓸(2MIT:sp()USENIX Xff;l/gi cmarkub ; easu( :m.ŬeohleoPVoelkpinuڣyHvalua`erv {cwHotCRPGystemBahecX.ƣlyʘ:′102AfutreP`:si@8cQmakefHthwٻ____16cer//////,MiguelasH, lex.noɁUn𯘴C8nia,ӭDiego /bgf h15-1emblockqu>yX done Zիwwgoo24oo???vG?Abact:ak9c껜ssponsؿ1crHcNҼpell9upxience.qyarge-sؾxitesPncluLinkedI8DigKFbook,dd(sne(deploypooloȫln -memorytX.nXt,urHtechnologiipgqu1A+,uatloaalarleP@r programmingodelhereequestsorheam(tateayrrivetiffntervers.eases ell-knownechniȂcan vidAbetterbpssign!eachiecefto8sl8".oweh,n-memoryoolsost extremelyargeumb0items, d ntaH:ir`fine-P8d*2isoupportiidatacȇmanag ThpapXPsÏugeOOJ;solvpt:robliȓ؊partitiognt.eonsietYlibrarilink;Еِa plicdch@sPspbilityɑ (includs)y0wasPenmpHX dhoyoducЈiMicrosoft's̛Mesh-scacommerciallouМip0uouЖ؃`Al 2008.hspnbuilt:o,Yydehpxckidnep`eihsubttocҏribuA1ItWWh2__________>RLvexscrزrAIZ'8.anTs807LIn,igkF0bookhddhamultaneI3ow-lxʕ1ucaѩ(ڴD:curA2[36, 141438750136872172123].romsrectu"Lyielp ,Thi88lia xsse)E(suchYbЫ8oaحSn:1JfailϻϻϞUn@tunly,urrtechnologAQ9'/x r}rommК̌balaA֮eݘ",t/+Я hhdifficrncy:wѝayrriC,o qi0tx5t i.ƿ(exa j-dideoqrcb3temY`mhtaHiu񗝥xO'sndezv.ɇcc Ql0IOth`b@n8Zh((eothXeʿdewi𿈠xG3dra؍#burd@`wIur£lɿxuldcBtwos:FiAm轐rumaw(X߱$,)8isupp)ap -speci8xc@ Y8mSknowo 145899953"579177Ϫ">ThpaxcPCxug0ay8mµs̜AMdoYx@lȡwLfoc|Ycair./po*8Jhmanagzdartitionings1aeplicatedt8achine.easesre8well-knownechniqueornsurthatnly(eerver aimesXsponsiblaiveniecef [3].І?gfersossige nn-memory;Hst;thpsenthppropri.oupport,wwqmplem؊ bhipBiandynamicoad8nagʋGC0ddalipZchanismdealith\loss.Çrifug@dd(thneex1itPIrecoHy: notifiindwhiГ;hase((qRbAed,.g.,XcausQcrashт"i0ldo ȅURelaIpSspdifstr0gkre-creUZromvarietfatacstorystems aqrely onliHpublisin$.ҁǁÞفtakbyBL@e锃s767063 >22:,wescriin tailySec 4Вcombin2funaliows¥ȑH;balancsimultaneousHvidȜrgrammmodel. PBbo*kvaluaQ_@veloperuɘXcbillenЍȥ.Ū߮mayoldunخmillpiCȲ0u#.arX-8( ʙ)flex'Ncou larnudeolà8ffic.ɝؤ8xeЧ:)ꍿ.benefAчׇ֭oHissoc؎ǖǖǖǖǗoǖǖǖǖǖǖǖcu8''''incorRfoIatni!:ȫ-xra `r-dc)\spveYssjthroug4Vggspec@igu lespZɾIyIѿ",e'ؠ9gor0mnsi j(er@ˉMvoiqIro@mfZ@ûٌAټDbeu:3sh9h9nA(Ywh谏keepsm4[%d"al0ɽEe(Dȅp0@IgھŞo?l8f#API:Hnidu@,!غ98sklhaven.ƿXrbecapN'#hxb#XmbP7иnoe sepaxtocolȱx8woM*icit0{#res@{߫Oϟq֢xdeployducyAMicrosoftLesh`-yommerlouXHi`inoZiPApril 2008<@@pos=0137063 >22].ZMarH9H8af)Vpan2hundreJwescriПS4_suchsfuhid@d8uymxɠBevelwQbuiltfecrouؘpdroduceheirwnubtlerotocolsoristributedonsxency application-specifice0cili.sloudervicesmeveroremKed,ducingisindfexity anncreasHlyrgenteed.
To`mmarize,Kpaper'sainAІpre:ulli>"1%">weem0trpatPtegxldrtiicvid nefitsfine-8d to-m`ryҎ`powithoutassocXscalabȎ costs;2DIdz h2|ootivaJls.ςûp sup sȫBsecArbiX gnogHRy;culaHdatatemylа'`lps xrequ°[aßدgivpiey,nablӿuqco-ر. natu/(co؋g;T-spec@c.g.,u4rezvousHbI:urtlnnhipanpa o-fncQ(s,خpuRmag a༐whsfFur)he,?`oXnotجڲpYlf/nunGD(i.eP1aisbache)steaG;Z;(ship0twer`ownOpnonowledهOt'k;onibo'w'WAm@patter dScPqp0dundmillobjȈ`cross?ȣ-[36, 141438750136872172123].ddonallyʑɿG(HNsatmostXload`Rir`much8nth)cQ`powerؓsult c0fund׫Hn(s@ۚreelimiUnQ`-rBecaisgrR,8سQAPIwithromiz!ߩAGhomain羏F246׿%ߝ1%0'#img@dex2@Im"/?16߅AFig1: SмHCentrifugeinkn@brarieshatalkoÁgManagerervice. 'srchitectureshownFigQ1.ӈerwaPsendequestsfa Lookupy,h8WTreceiveas(aprocessi>Ownerry.nurideoonferencingxampleeb rІsould^the Մzforwarparticularqdezvousmatiooappria in-memo8̕dJ/Both"communicqwiaoglly rHzed,ʗLi!midsapldtyma8nטטטטחGAth(vel,jobf:Krlpnamespȁkeysmollߌ.ԃdopbyppi ( in@vable-lengrang`+PsisXtasg۝132517 >6i]+64PrtualodpornveHBi0subset (i.e.,ޑss)~tocol.e@ˍechni`-di:*߁Mtrols GCnX ȣ3A(ssocdkPAhsultavoiabilityQmradҝ҃Of-graV????????8WaewoŒyac؜ok[@needxm /qnKm-ws'3daptjoad$ (0cribPetail1SЯ2.4).i",Wor#,`rouianyc߬߬߬߬߭߬߬߬߬߬߬ߐefexpluswalthȮxIuHpLQMeshPu0sh-!Joߌߌߌ4.0Kw` " opic{=OA;9y8gy@hoQ=31⑳Xô9876/ez;bdme0 (sh k 1a,eadd0sropHȃ],ʵZsend0erSchecksi/(hol4{culayowar։)fdesN24Ncerɰok%ww1%~Ȃ'#imgindexx3Im"/?16w~AFigu2: DaZlica*oftȺHiAinmiplempons۶Yclizintحqmmun:such࢈XieonpYXertworkSbalanc؀xcO^CentrifugesesignedorerviceshatouteequestshichothriginaandermswithineatacPer.hHbpict` Figure 2.Ă.pplicationsften0cludeanyuinalN:example,inkedInporhavingivid ir߃oli-facfro (ImultiHG,asewpprog0psBcommun.[140609 >36]. @Sec4,escribeow*LiveesЉimilarlyntai׊_tse ǃfǐos@(e.g.,Ym0browPs),riranddiYIstep:firstravxhYnetworkoadalanc@!rrs%)+lzookupbrary,heyn)warZo0-memor肛Own.< ght="0"> 2.1ManagSOOh3WfpNLjustifyggLbToU<ph@va bility$.׎4wegiclea0hpm 0art sadaptgߎߎߎ߉24n%O1%'%img(dex(JIm"/߃?率16WWWWߐWg3: wwnetru8axosSӬ9stoAdel`tocoln"Oactetby.ncurrY=xec8orߓڔߔݲ{siϣϣϞo4'ǥL+E-HAy_\4_______o>T's__ZshpictP.levexnsif b://wWup ט0det0K'pus#2șm;oMly-lBȰZ˿s. ɝagranthco3ibrarieв٣-מsQS (qimplyӟgps).Ũ8im\8eyreque:iiopdaiiInal, qٌchango,beespond,callerтcW80unSsн@ll-9XodxlPaskowr;fnew&rɄҕV/nucesswpreviousѶfwo׼2@''!,Xoផ*__\T n.o@9oșbd@mlrunan0on-0erminicust mwell-knowifficultwr肏0٪8[1408337,38234 >2]hrPvis9of responsibilityaslsosednhehubbyatacentereaseanagp[3, 826 >4]. Atogicalvel,0lOwnerndookupsanimplyeYrequestso ry!dXstby;q ionIeDerom.orfficiency,z_o(Abeli1b0>nleshatbecomesؑ-ve.fr葀C?87߉ڈPrtroadcaHngir Hsh݊ \ti!epswitchack9gg Au~hrnMnodihroughxnconfigurationhihupHwAnewarelHrviceGGGGGGGGGGGG@Thwxpdpoym(eQfXnrunnIPaxos.h؛owyɊؑupe anwochifailu(:R獨pi<iן3lo騐or8formmajor,9hѕ{ak!Hmun ʧhereaf ref+currUЩ7h40"left*siz+1"?92.1.2P0i,̴pQ#ad,9سh4/׳///////o ú˯Cuma` 賘JnapIooЖHn-memo(i.ŘʂtabQ sistpganYĸ8ɹf associ;jgehnumbWyaJZccQwᵸputeXPHssx4#,(csȧD٬no0(>an60$Xlav (PshXSec 51ÃW aaoo`Pour7tnviro)ٺmov8b`x(8suppo8incprotoc0veych?'Soalsog~{b/ٱiodltؕ 08riAl@ 5ecriC'nnstweXhibrapف} u/s 2.22.3spvely7׭׬׭׭Ǧѽ0Cjfu5sz@lu8featnotpPI)Jh(du:mihSadapّpH.Ӂw2"appr``زnow (ts𢉕HzIkSaloؾΛQough/s!fouX snorksbalancRawzX)_?9èzi`n*equ0h1zKWWalgorm1c{HȽɌddubct `tufromí)o j10%bq(bel0nwhi`Zzt Yr.Ưexa,f277H*L齰dt-񻈻L(Xf ٛ?:load.hearticular쀨anagementlgorithmsluggable,lowingtheroliciesoempledfÂPrifugeequirIhenAuture. 2.2LookupibraryGGh3O^pFDjustify__LZEach maint soX(thoughtXiytale) pyflease:orveryangHitnowsPpsgenerationumb andrOwodeold)>.u`ou consisash,xonabout 200KBcurr)eploy: 100is  64irtualڀ32BRQ0ainymou!inkܐlЈTornncrR',嵿tac!#30٠Anxaٵ˭kicFigu4.ɱٲdm YcordxB,)sSN (loYX ) 3xn1(gԀspl;[131051y3586 >9a]etwes¼:C?wwps (LGNsshort)vemodswell^'(t2dbMxdo0nչѸl+oЄ'xxpX__YIă[suf0ioldQ'Hrunxg^suh5norȌ2Bf!ڄnapHurr@GA9ͱ+`W(ٍੂen¼!*o@ix(pricwxobJbeiؿ7ystembe9brou8inermanyeaHrapidjoin).eca)to/smHlimYamou`addi ބHneei[[ȆexpXs hipG24cer%DZ1%'%imgexȫ5ɹ(ImP"/?O16Džϼ: Ep_8iǍ____'_lh3/!oleftooWt="+1"ace="serif">2.3Owneribrary Hܠ*betweϸ˰v safety1HmoӨѻ3)xgpno(imкm*:aج9ynchroniz²ihoqh4)leftwwizp+1"Ǵ2.3.1DeHwithùQsOPh4պnf)lugoos(W,w`ubt@i۵'5.Խxfir{𔶸۔:[keody~CuY𕚿(by񕟕utꖻarticular߾y乴'sadvanc@no` n 658ЫȊTiak‚^As60pڲows7Q:echniqueepic@describ+LiskovۂOJ1366X>20]ېeȼ`belip!fa Ϩmunavailabжyp[: (1)mertartsoldingheeasenlyftereceivaessageromrManr,nd (2)Owner's 60-secotimPtbeforec5g`60 s߂clocksssumeoaksszhan". 2.3.2Depwith͋R`sXxh4 pwjustifyυςLʅxTsubtletydhr.explaibenefi ofotaZxrHabout/ sznPamplenvol"allpLlsmprovabilixOrAquickmx8vailabXHnew#sheyosystem :cXbend`a@ng.ouyrip@apfaitupA Hearli`th ire.owev ψRntroduc;m!llcknowledgmen@)grapɎhmid-fht.hЂpict0Figu6:׊R1request,tropȦ n熯J.ɑhascgmihtk,neeso@wayQtqȘisafac ww]????w24c0era%G1%'%imgexYpIm "/??G16OOOO?OǕ: WcarH٠QviolaʻϏ(@perty.ÛаuprXAtbXnclusYnumbɪstweLKjǂû@ᬹsuc be8ceive(ir@tooftext. 2.4ScalabilityЄ//h37Fp.,jufyGGLBCX8uH0xworkindat@mpdigmٓpralniap8ty l@aș8!o`ew:cȟcurr9hvic(usH؄a2L8eshpplicaQ,0icho`follow4; xcؓ`deploy`@oomJe(idusum eooܝx8t2uv!({ȗra-}commcosp`WANSe0eOrəpmhr e0re Ymȫ:suppo(q1U7`.ll1琂sufficiYPmeetercload𦨢;nXPh΅ІeISd5,׀𞐇eXbeyor!o(HdidXt`vPigfur9ptimiz9impl oooooooooooooom5LqNoxR"/Onٛj23l8F2py-memor{multipno0primaxbenef+Zw:haWHoulbtahXavaidurxiluP caђ"Xneaacl]uگ*tnreboot.owў8ownsi9vnhFirsX͊anhhesPol(d 0؊ş)ȦșѸns:Wmecism:ti 9ed.paddi#гdRAMį2ocopitpff`GyfrequencyяA;8,seehunlikely˼DB/nhtw!ׇЏPly{*H٧Axotc=ӭgicou@lea⻡ijj$@k߁yergosq@[Œ ira*RomicGzqfY4yWIoooo24{73%?1%/'%imgؼdex@9AIm"/o?w16?/GoFig@ 8: 9oPI0v`d0PqLookupRW masynchronous scS0dynamlobalanӴ mig.pLgBarguAblevnstructoriggOp> 3APIFigure 8.Ԃ ̋idintocallsxportbyLookupibraryndoolOwnere.eylath`usingbPublish-subscribe vice,42779,surunnexae.ɓHatsh makexe升0nkAOWhe˃K=Teoaessa ݑitsRLaarticularPpic (,r=8S5(1,ttp://A))r(1ygebackforesponsibkQCpttߕϣwwOwgwgman@fࡸitturns hs۲orrȐ߬Ϻw^24cer߻%GG1%ׂ'%imgcindex001*Im"/?16׭ײ׭׭ײײ5:gjCu('s ')peraY@iggggOWWW/W7_>@adraYѳ8yؗXj*ynactivePrepXaaoɸ718,Ӻ#AS icA-li7l.sȰ@onPS(a2.2menaнass)newgX umbѬȬRas dC(eviP#xSӁhh@o G@Phcfromer@al0L0N/nUpap)ri(DOǩONh3)leftwwwtzp+1"Ǣ3.2Gh3OU_??T>pa |ow(OOKXformuardӿr2Вvg`iculapSm pػfai脧0do;hxἙۆc_Pg)pn[j?wwface="serif">TheodeorhSubscribeperationtPublish-s(versshownn Figure 10.husesea9touaranteeprequestsaiven pꄘtonlyeingdysle)Haime,ndtQBtł8ta(i.e.@wvfromomearlieЃ}dx,uthe(&hahel_nuously). How׶џhipwS3HmHbitþy JccalohץrcaddUXresJu. newgoͰ0inutI*w4%rex[sulPsٶorpeom`rnodeNӱJo8whЌ1progynimpPDfalXdo!nroact8cpwn0in.ƍooܳpailjg⃁rʂܹy槐? lrhj/积">NɊrthrougYenc:sЎkoi(3]. Tlastrt5OwnerPIshipChangeUp().huz ye`tonitizeatatructurehenompew򂙌 kepasxHgted, Ђgarb`octa8associPdtthatpoked.ecaАCreadchedulandfftχdeliverPshoti0afsc2ccurs????>h2T0W"left??*4Howent uSupppkL0eshervices0ooh2w/єbfcompXمĐkpplicati@ge7063 >22kOMwuiltycdevelopAǃǃprovidaܥYfeaRncludAIarsynchronizacross,op(ftivitnTyЦ!airtualXsktopkhosѬ)yc ѨowsipulpK›ougwebrherpconn rem (NATrasalI[aindSonscrihxF'f񘟧enabaicrrio.ףa@expl $si`HSlrag$s0n2.inykiscu—`mHrXЁǁinflЏ esojwwww>3????g??Ǧ;.1E[T _3gwwwwwwwwronafoѼ0!ayrbtwoC؀!Ҁworkb`runnUcli*oftwЀihpoi1wo5rlxromqi(ɀso0X0 XxZ,gxewPddȡX$'sSPn)Ⱦ؃CɃneedpubliiwrڧWIvrqn۷093859 >Fig` 11Ipic|^First"enqueHaƶtjersookup()Ŕ4DID@keyt߷in-mXry õOyxckMPY\O۳ۺOwnlibrawi8Y`to a4eachѮ?????24οa%1%'%imgc9x0012pImage"/??GG16?ǚn: H-bҏ9ǽapplicati)oopera`AfterpdatinghePddress,Deviceonnectivity vsendshageith isewOsoin-memoryublish-subscribetrackYptionhomeC's䄳ctatus;psewp#IDkeyorallLookup().ԉXlsoJOwnlibraEN8butndPeachچoreoonstfhl Beca!si@(suĒrwork8)ay off8e,u8rH anueu.ɏXÛhonitibpX=\approprier,P@immedilyushozGGnOOlx} (icahdepicA Figu11)ڥmdeq st񌩀sr0aFrx׊wwpwhippoaǬ geour@hHg˒祈;dechan QrbjH*hadrpous8',?ﲟ exampl/)GGGGGFܮǹ͔ c_kCe̳.yn^assNohic`onUp()Pny?? OOcra8ȳlP_n8pu D رZayعpzdllowjoicklearHHnee@j-psクpoqreo('se/0߽뾨futɠ'5߸߸߸߸߹߸߸߸߸߸߸߸ߡvaco-@dBsa8ssua(no(ntransi_ZfailstweeR 0Gre@,iAalkCu8ManpQdH iewiȡblev@uhٻ1SXalցYs (XhapߤÙ ht`nmrhouliytafhortioim7777777777777ein-memonȫpÕolSwaysul$ؽQIcop۸.uruG'sϭ%twurpo: rigLc8xy(_&ئq9_^w#eva`ma @byalynowsmset̖ճXprousٴՆ2m|n׸isXdelxfrom=p!M.ƎQ,2D㎝sPfbOAefulis online.oicknexample,flientsffitsastublishedPddressQirrelevant.urthermorP iance`socreate"stQallow耉erviHforgoRexpensHforingdundopie肓diskinzdatacer (althoughÇrifugeielfalsompatible*overyromorage).̉Xly,x1powleas@siifybutȂ40, 3457137720 >251558 >]next@alXctionslab how]cancYatrotighgAd(qLivees,). 4.4Simplificationsoublish-subscribeervice gh2ƥʦ,0/"left*s="+1"ga5EvalubȪ''h2/m????????9ѵ $I@,ebeenploy_Miofygap<Aprif 200822].ؘ.1ex behavixw/bx.5nthXstretgcearDecembBplyarch 2009.uringhisime,Xere)approximately 130entrifugewnersndGC,00WPLookups.reviewouresults,hi@thateasiscaleoeet emsfdeploym.nection 5.2ushestbKexaminee'XbilityIeyoeurr duenviron Figu12: CPUnetworkoadas sromBleader*stXbysn_nr pvicqXvX2.5`has@llAmessPropppduer8sih3'Ɍ/^lefttiz+1"ga5.1PWEWWoh3wݘ/⑯FBecaɏooPbottleneck)systemocuobIakbehavioऌcomponWrstty-ysnmde諀s roundrollout1a patch4ϓדSӉB4'7______>ʁooh(bshowϦeaצեigranula n*12/11/20083/2a9Z뙱`hkutXzy8wyatghtshhth){ tyivppoiحime6abЯȄwqtak Jnew4611/15Tشw߃@vide9n0)implʢHimee(ݥ_yed?In;casHhanged)elevaadPistr0hlogqokPi,@quiꚠtarٓ5clerk_Yt 06:30ȫ oQS32d3hZ/- 21:2'ro|eQhsuccessiȃ)uЁ\eeAco9?multi@eynhc¸emodetailASecZ 2ǿOdzǮ'o''Ǯ'dzwp)wQno?stweH@8nɌ1ozse)wدXOwnIlosir!duorash,disPn, y0unpladAn+ؖ or‘eephs@8unavXabunȳ'pexpirQѨГ60-(Yȟh 2)hÓzpІ熔fZbeὨrPv@atal11X!*1x4ct0'scospHҽ"in@idu8shavas? (i.e.ota;1y0mOator)r9߄vdXr expectationhatnplannedwnerailuresreuiteX.inally,eumbhofsetur1to 130ness!n 10inutfollowing 7aleas0osses,ndabouthouoror 3;@ishowztLrecovery re(cementyclustmanagsym16] hronablypid. Wesoxaph asyUMbr-Sprotocoldet ame 2.5hval.shscribȏ`S2.3.2, corpora1aimpleecismprevmcromomhmissafetyvariadur0s:!suchēidropps. pdoot"8b(om,`iryere,eXdN9s8PJ,<0itX.Ԗmotivuڏ_Y톛duo"qasn)gc07188 >Fig( 12(c)firs`bv?9occbuhshehewtak dQolHowr,91ݐ1/16/200993/2c `ScPpoushelgan12CSidҤq'$oȣʩI@adyteWWWWVh4 l0o"leftWW*TsizP+1"5.1.2RɫhPatchh4qϬʬ1o13)Ѳdow xa sس8granul#MBoђ9roughߕݓs 13s tarp@xim21:20 2pook۝,rohthCPUtilizsificXOnetworkoitԙ.΁'(kxPlmo500B/,OJmor@aо145,w9imi9u1.iny?<283Ǥ³ۍUtnwhQlaضaP׼@rѫȆ0?po@.ɩxc(srTHcedتx`pikJ؀Ȩ(D(lypwwww24cer?;%G1%7'%imgexHJIm"/w?16G7Ow: Mmxѷnf5forManrjiBploy裠ducaptˡ,loaɨpOwnaD@iggg/wwwww7wwwwp(c)shownumblivexeachTzdipami(ereflexO @i9oneoupy<3ZWoxrwaf modHval_GGGGGGGGGGGGbals7Pxuexpen@burszenewhaakɿ{Faddiami2rgw p76%y¼trafLLhlibralbecaus ĮyHgeȹtableromheeader. Figure 13howatvenuring odfbnormallyhurnnothwners,ookupsndanagobvedoad H?rstbys ices.h`offurxriden8"Centugmplemationeet8 curr8calabilityemsߍߍߍߍߎߍߍߍߍߍߍߍFin,nvegat onfRooub checkGԂ(,'#walsoeflec4PIuccess.erbitrarichosူpproxim8P5-dayimeU1/8/2009 22:001/1317,whXggdidot~an.ĕt!d!particularexd 0Hd plCYLeaseNow()Cinuousouxfvx53illaocs̖@cpistwi衉intui׍֙晼resulanalwaedWX%]<98%"@r"8ambox"ules=""epacpad;?"`8adArid>Role`#ӣrsׁ|In/߂Total >߃/&bodyg>Paxosroup51WӂO3/,g7>D(Hn ivpO82>Xo>FrendW248g>2,016t/ʹ 2ҹw%pcer">T1: _ bonf Xn="32_\׾h3I"left*siz+a>5.2Tǵh3τe߶ߵߵߵߵߵߵߵI1upon2evalue'(Yeeyo`A%duJploy.讯rJuPmoreookupЭ5hanȴpؿѸL tg8h~oaЃ_^1trapidp2HpatchollX.rpewaouV"fiڰg"0QLP numb@PQ/2s?gOH"s40,81unna 2.26Hzre2uoIsor4GBAM4e׊ows 8P2peqsym. hY ϣn.Կapxim10:1io0twe ϭ· ()2)ashopasؚ.ך inHmodificjerform xumpleɪƒ]φxorHQ(anyHd*ϲ7Dzowoo?8Toxa`3}xߦupportȠϟɛacrosqҶtw8eAexiasjfirsttҥgallҩo9RH(32uh;4HςϮ͂sameXȰ.`mQTߩ7iS 5.1.2,Ԡ*wYnodh(2,8)ihalfuht (1)Zbomure CPUndetworksagetheeadernrManrervice. Figures 14howszults:venh(1Ownersertarting,r 2verdnlyighttilization,?>RwenHpo 5B/sec.asR8is,oncludeȇCrifuimplemHZupportcurrdeploy)yႈmf(ableargin. Tloa,urapid5s PleumbhofLookupsih26lefttiz+1"?96RelatpWHh2}&'''F''tegr(sIs1 pI٢piosystem#mak0it i8buildedatqs.ccordlyiourXscuss0r 78Ӥ`qoHoftwainfrastruct RɅ//GGGG3ϝ.1L*4s3ǒǡǡǓǡǡRtechniquf(oro* sincy back cGra(CPiton' Vڔ[_[34573 >13].ɵScsurveyBthrer’Tostloseu0:rangipani79418340huiXap0achAscalabty;ub1558 >wsɂIKWxpplics;Volume s_24502Y, W1251hownXt8ybjX(`imeᅲ~mplbHOL runZmulti誷QhavyeQXHȫɁ ndaffer:ubsetPtal;.;a f^:x+n0lPIrecipiBXeivll nonrydwi0negeнowpoo@n-memo 1 neeaarPnumbnZ(಩2.owe,K5nO`g comx:uimagi9yɠ7pfur;qbcreoȐNh}amesp𶏶777w77?8Lik7ge,͛O9felclSoughmЌXiSaaxoayhvai< +d؏rid`el5],tsupt'e'salgorithm,dneplothisdd2alerviceongside. Volumeeases_]42450 >42a, W1251Z rotocolorranzl onoupPfbjects,all"qdcthinIUv8webgPed @a󖰁r.effer_Yqtwoajways.irst,/8Hdynamic(yrenew4ssen1!0,hnɖ膒orkGvegȉ ǃÞ)`Inoh/0pj1mer gdnderl„logicX(*olicyLJ+)yvmechanismcoLiP.edCdid0te`-availabiJɎnr;'zadesXbecac1oheren8YEthm)K ttɡh3^b0"left*siz+1"6.2PgӬJsh3'ͧ7ߧ77777770Tthre9closlpiecfiresear8ɹH/,subܴآloa8alancQom3586 >9_X8508 >28dyo8roftw &,DHT9611 >31162357𰪱090 ARD>6822].׺qdPomX)7776Ѵruiis8x?????????????"trbeepФdoxgemp.tpR@ad'(Urequisi)uld!tuaԂ"쬨d,pssibmirr8ܸdauiߩGGGG/GGmplb~u:cH(libreanpȳXevioustakbXany.ØZ˹qÒBibuadem CP@bigthWsIvelopbPdatHntYervi run in-m(rypools.houb)apthal9Ҟ(,pPҨH-bdexploigAon,likbecau`Xfocu0ncЙ[leɎvidaꁪxep(viewPQtHƒYoal.ɡ/,o1rpoțџGgÜٔmmmodel(r?8 aixhundz: sGǫGGFh3\0_"leftGG*Dsiz@+1"6.3OrInfructu)DS 8wwh37௸˖9tZ8boindustryndheesearchommunitynrovidingetterfrauctureoratacenservices2, 4400 >1521750911].u8ofis(estas(enirectedttorage:igTable/.2123 >:],ynamogf3178 >8 Dihi0cacg elptudied,t8dcexrrX\OO2819 >7O?710G706385@9?/139Ҟ7&732B/516ɏ onusRdpplicHons (e.g., Q@om806@2[)differsZ]ꠠnot9Q;gbmak)build(Srun(bלӜBecaaower-lponnٓw,Qc蓙rlasʋnHFex,Publish-subsc8eӯKXncA 4v0s ifТlogicBenpmIdec[w13exp,Y,Halucarulestc.TQ 4-spg{someğɦpHwouabdarhGD.n Ў`P#eǐv`yngh2 0"left*siz+1"GA7ConclusȮh2mǮ6a8enouSercia蜠rtancna0tgramm)moP //([^sPXiaqbyɧomultiߤ׺MicrosX'siMeIargcacloud.srinuincrXlexity,҉5abil0҂ `vitalggggwwwwwgwgwsAcknowledcsfWetȻr𫒯*)'ȺBl,boladeb0gHnalleTKleinpeثMikei`l. cuXw؄+ankeremyeweyRworkl!elreli5PaxoGregrς˫eu8????'??T DennCra*elp٥ MSRh8p.inxwMarcosg,ahXkhiy1altz,odrigoDu(ouhepd),tefSaroiuSno𑈼anonyrevihi!8htfueedback呰!draf訊pa{Ref8gwggggr-22[1] K!era,riferchant,Phulhahlistaireitcandhrosaramano(.infonia:ewЀdigmoruildingcalableĂributedystem In SOSP '07:roceesfhewenty-firstCMmposiumnperatJinciples, 2007.

[2]AmazWebervicem3MikeHrro0Ԋ`Chubby Y󅫍rloosely-coudggaOSDI`6gg 7thsesignIm0monv6wwwwwwww4pTushar.h1Robertries8rcJoshuaedne.xMadeivepnngineePgerspectPODCy-sixh(ompuQ5Fayg,effreyan,anjGhemawaWilsC.sieDebora.alla'ws, 4APFHYE.u.igt 9' thgedStructurData 6QrankHbek . saashoDavidgtMor`I0icPWide-areaoove "wiCFS1ũe{17jpelhlixRolphٔqyThomasٓoCPatt¡(/ÖHP:sRem(li0moryoqroFihhc94gg 1USENIXxnfereз??GGG19948GiuseppxeC i@DenizaiuHXan@mpani,unavardhkulapvinXakshplexilywamtSivasubrXniiPePosllWerngelXDynamoxB'sȿhlyailey-valu `firXgggggggb95. OOOOOOOO10OʥeeleyRliamgqF(cȻAnn.HenاLev0moq@Thekk ЬռGlobalManH8orks8u8Ϝ5׽׵8fǽǧŜ511Adoox(tevenĹib,ٶihEBбɻPaulauthi-BasIcaNetwervice wixoWWWo9wߺߺߺߺߺ߼[129oog8Appngina0gjG?׿׷׶ך3CaGayQCh tLe`spnfficFt-Tolbnism ist utAponsгy89lfggg#89''''''''14(76Jo8hHelxCu.@taructuresInnetZ00 4ز0="0">
[15]Steven.ribble,attelsh,obonehren,ric.rewer,avidullqNorisov,.zerwinskiHummad`J.ill,IJosepI.atz,M.(o"Ross,nd.hao.heinjarchitectureoryustnternet-Scaleystems2Services. CompuXetworks, 35(4):473497, 2001.OOON׭׭׹22shwww.mхNom____B3sseng኿܊a߀߅7s4QguaiHhrishnamurthy,MohiHH irah`ukpBruceǩ*dsaJeffrey.auonpiddle-XbCй)e-BusinH2IGMODHnbXConferenW: 225JohcCork,΀0urpNaj0dramkkatLidZhou.oxwood:bonssound[IInfraucturO6H/гar߫߫߫߼ooooooo6hMemc@ed/Gw.dangamMedϹϹϹϹϹϹϱ27Зp,oXzolvisiHarrViAault-Tol8JavartuHDSN߹ߘ??>Depe ble.sƳ/ǹǹǹǹǹǻ[28S0_)cixnetsRX///////*9(VkӾait,aurov“aXichaelvЯP,e@rusHl,illywaenepoEhhumoity-awareequesti0ibuinlur-erverVASPLOS-VIIIŻAhwwvArXtePSupportʬ8gXmILhu# r' 199830SyXaatnasam8PƙcisknHR1rdarpScott0henkAalڱtP-Addrz}COMM '01䴛GCOMM, 2001.

[31]Seanhea,enniseels,imothyoscoe,ndohnubiatowicz.ȀlinghurnnHT.n USENIX '04:roceedhsfhe AnnualechnicPConference432Antony. RowstroXPeterruschel.ay:ӅablDecentralizedbjectocati$Routforarge-eer-to-AystemsMiddleware1FIP/ACM n Di`ibutlat`ms33YasushiaitoMarchapiro.ptimicepl.CompSurvey|37(1):4281534Diggaref="http://hXsility.com/-d-0-web-aps">''''''#7777777735acebookׇwww.fn(.php?Id=39391378919f'''''''"6inkedIQǎÓHitz.org!g/8/06/in-hiture_'''''''"7 Joseph.lembriyaarasimhaStcxalysPMeetsW0Fault-Tolera:nhZe-Ma0nepwithondmimHOTDEP6 2WorkshopHotopicsI˴pendn6oooooooo38hISto ,HtorrixDavidˮ1r,.ƉsaekHari±khnChord:ίpLhupeȱQetSIGCOMM纗 39Douglas¹erryanTm!`0Bsen,lan.MikeSpreCarl.`user.nag1Upd:ȑ Bayoueakly!n8ͷtorageTVOS95iftehymposiumOp󺽇@ciple199ǺǺǺǺǺǼ[40C0dramopZkkath,imyiPEdwar.eesgipanig`i''97ix''''''9741ai0YiLorenzovisichaelPhmn.s"easesouppoᾀDriventency)L-^ICDCS8 18[ale@ompumO842//////olume5y-sqEEEԪacKnowledඉDatahpeciIssuWebchno i1(4):5635769???? sh1^5%1em"lign="cer?fontize="+1"acPif>ley0utombPl@m8Geo-gHlouӤb0Ah׹h1߹مi!Sharadgarwal,ohxu8a8Na8dua)StefSaroiHAlecolmano7ggXrosoft8search߻oo׻ב_Zcenter">
ǀom, '#jdun8n'#ǂ'GAnavendu?;7WQsaroiMGgo:alecwOK70 ǀdu//////24ݑ0%"justifyGQ~b>Abstract:`8i>Asloud vicesrowopanorendKgloballyi8ibutedats,heisncreasingurgeforutomamechanismsplpplicationᤁhesers.hpm mealthueconintsuchsANsaapac1limitwhillsoinz-percedncyeask)'furYmSHbysu8shar ,;Hdepiegn Qg bil0.׉ocu*;lleanalyjm@h-loafromͰ's̞͊hh(wo-sc8)miga.pr0Voyystematdds  .Ú/)makeksub0tlog"eqt{qg0opt1calgormsЙ8atn3cliBQ@outpu mig ren@9ckaߡ؎w___Og7G?gGOcTL*volڧj,Edes8workXCOPE۲@fpos=0242687 >5]ab MapRc0tytm;( llowser 400 ch-hoursA١utlXKevaluݪ0ўϝwwe`i,ڤ`@e-of--artur0ic‰Эi(8+primaryP|ip,simultaneous@skew2,n,/ffHm1.8׶75Xntz,30%yoch2ooohleftWWWtzP+1"1Intro`Ѫ ugrowapidl@bemor0unZؼY8rouRelobe.eca thmajo@ǟprovidAn09geophldisQGLybuild753819 >10:.unmetOagI;Putomp j[)xynamappl y,񶉛ngOn8n:h89ifroe1 S OϾϾA8ir`glanAom(Bple:ȼHm9's ˡ#g.ow3 xwoDx0o`ors:AN ndHtweekAers,ndver-provisioningatacenterapacityolerateighlykewedwrtilizat@.nhisaper,ehowatoropticdp0achnothrampcalxreduceeseostsllurr-usl`ncy.he(motiv2b`followqtrendsndernlouervices: Shačb>ommunᎸRcabo increasimportahdlsIevid0newu@esroPsoftw,uasoogleocs16]Micro9ffnlH84932ssocial8twork!nFbookDŽ4295Linked7332Twitq|50949 >43zR苯havAmm@manawritepmadoXrQa'GР3exxiȐsegrfpȃ@IBnotuickBflec01lt ׅׅӛgroups(hosXutmay ldmabith engolmizforood `Xce.'''''ϟ'''g''"-depi1taskهQ?a2s0iHH(iǂĊtween.ƈexamplpj9atrigg遗\mhol#RSSxmultix<љuconnJ!wph[reprwqriyHoweh, undamJtransIblemXhes:yaddi҆/ir|I(ߵEin-WŮtͺhlgoHh1oؿʻgenl4strpu(?___________[AhangCײ@!relpxxHsPghgfrequy913835?4na:ҝ710BìYK chP\Hsma"dϧϧϧϧϨwϧϧϧϧϧϧϧReachc`hCap(ty`m(/rusd8ropiтK?HnrtY}ax20i8ux1#џpߐ38110޻aurnautoҍaisɕapid5$`iwtakva%/U!Mobil@3ravelsnStod4878oݿsЊK`sp8eglxqaj,WHshoupckÛ¹1+costsufH1PinexsivOOOOOOOOOOOOIIpa(QBolleyysӕpl`cro8geo-di`ibu9Horpo vpt(zNwpsp0e0aplexȷة|1Db)-ruQWeiȴ,wGl1PC./Rm0subtlogs (similaroinpoint7]r-TraceWV4666 >14Z)aistributedtorageystem.heseequestogsncludehelieIPddresses,UID8difyingZdata邨sccYdy7t5anducturefMcallree,uchႸO{upFhbook1,higgers֋9G 2J3脀lG@userSSeeds. VolleyHinuously@alyze?=Yetermineowppliconkshoul(eigrabetweecЉ o󌀐oLeYisps `workHCOPE2687 >5x| wap-Redu74411101.yeveȔiperformo8tX 400achsuth)comput+lIn9ay.׀a{souqoA:leΔ&n-specificmec`ismW9rizhstudi8placsYcAacroCDN׌ОQfirearx˂emq`YoXxynamGDgeo0pНygggggggggggggaD0rviXadHIapake1ɛԦhç`pF/)def*@8oШcaptyXdel (e.g.,;bȢzOOmaximumm؎zPr).ehdhooPRHrArade-ofupfrɘonggancXwߊbs 8nxz -ceivlncdhsȁǞQmunIireIʉXa(quaIprevh񁁋d̽mobilAYr8loudepݿmh-l(m̓esusenpworge-ۓqpip烎:ntFgбimplJ81'-ϫϾBN ub@usψoWVatbPPf 20Ms12繉0r3HXld.А8iewrurultJatraZ@j--artpurcvcanekewad9ov2,crea0@f u1.8e 750 ؿH30%lyZsurvxreahorko#ϺϺϺϺh2~0"leftϺρ*siz+1"2A19CCy-ST0h2uOhb8nG4ccɢxWrpެ袏[28]8809.oviaumbwllaboDfeatu' harsynchizڠ s0remaacdQrunnecli(,ynPH8mpa0G. L\XalsFboosXexa9upo龨ubiqu`ggggggggggetace="serif">Theiveeshndvsengerrxsereollecteduringune 2009,they(vall sdevi1thatcs(xse Hthisntixmonth. Pntainogryorydificationoardtate (sucHshao(file`xsynchronizS\)B-visibsoft Ynivity(mttorXaoolf-memoh[1])'$`0offIntsHIMyYparticipaXea_onƋ0talumbPmaWdopnoppecify`dizekdduuCsobsimplty,eltan hav!eq!likelihoofl3XˆƈtytB8*lyᗸ.rimeasuremxudyscribman艱`Xe1ystem'&6986 >24*.not쑨cliᠨHxfibp-lh0niqu?. 3#;workϞ93496قsnapshfrom30ѧXQouEpPodV24Vcerэws%1%Ђ'#img(x0016Im"/?ÅxAOFig 1bi>S ڑA-depynciFbook (left뼟(ry@ Uq up`w`H0srrxH߁!$uX"e^nSSewhi(xir8 ʽ޳` publi8newPDCקHpwaЂ-sub.ƙ٭(h`Que in//hpie)bmaydiffXiLif9hbetwe cursxsffici/////WWWǡWϡWWwWW7WWW__Ϧ_׳סW׳׳סWסWS2VTwoZirh??m-sexa`e.ĤIpl@mirpprom@ingO;O@0uleousachie0lowOOJ,apacyskew;l0ncyǶGGGGGGGGG?"1???>A??WexqtudyreجzmoXVolley:hp, Hrbil:􂷃Eh ,apidlechangreɐئolimiocu(2sȩP,u(d8lopideړhbuildoud(r٘sofЪ+hareleas1, 9139 >35]o vidomeackgrou01ariercial?:157527 owl.vqe,lient 1pdatestsacebookall,hichshenublishedo2;n,Hpowsseroearnfaxohr'0ctivities.niveeshxample?KnewPddressWout,nang connectir8ly 1neferr a@otificationP@,ndpbf@fileharYremoteevicec.ԈFigureap providXonaltaildoSs1]caoper,involmulti `ntpitemsAh-raminimizbylose rАAlncyparticularquestplacℳ1clo xsiqtw02s. 4ҨsǴǴǧSԷM_lл:M@p.̬!mou!`sup

@owCDFЋZhoȃmac(plHccordjه;#hilf 00! @pB0oIPddrspisamͬca1.ǻpCu؝ ollaboxIacronsot8ithXp From†anychaPzreaYѐ$.ƕ`example,uldhvel,aܔP@nhrougPNopremof@ca&iYioubpnneouddenHrgaaliffermVolleyXgoȟreduc$latenchHseoʝxuiCyes; /d"physd2)casIllnimPڡdata('f'!new///).ԨBaiJ$mobility ggesH1sopXideXRpl؝٨ءurmh'''''24ΨerI%1%H'#img@dex0023XImage"/'?//16AFigu88xb(i>Dflow (ci'''''TI"dolehppssibGd_bocorrespoXctur (i.e.ymo0ii rog()ScualQfilu+auto'helfydger0manmHfvouDs.ЀrorkaokX fyℜ[45]îؿnefHRlragsucechniques''''&h2?ٛG>left''/P="+1"w|3SystemeIɼQIǧ.PakeI,logCosmos}42687 >sjribustoЅMadY aHsoȧPqinpu X0oAcapacI8e9YKH)fre2ruqj(BHjomHHds?n-spPkne YjmamWew(sc epreHetail37?'gw.1LRstsO3W_׼>Totzs k*cXces{{enabl贩lо֐rees xtipathzHtapa.c`rol8r0:on`JP tn3152 >7k`X-Te74666 >142.ɼsour1infmovable (i.e.,ecausetsatahemnderheontrolf{loudervice),eogGUIDdentifiraansPddress;gserenly Pdorndpoint notovbyolley,uchA9cationy0equestamerom.‡#ɄponsiфplacinllndIs,alreadynow"irurr vs鄑etbstate.ɋsometim(posbothourcend0in Xato8@fedz$thwouldappen,xamplen Figu1 HejₜCli1'sacebook2kSSeed.ԓxct0eldnCshowxDž78360 >T򅺋 Xotal,a8recorqui8100tes.
xhhbeenbxalriwork@dȕ ppliEHQkiinm,:manymmercP(eiveesusengȠnalyz0Sec2)֠superset#PA.ƟX ?ȜcnpoXiqthextrou0Prelevxƒu񇁊׊׊׫_Z,_voluene`vml3moHsstsf7q5ͮMxh Hfillj0nofB hwhi"aP`avxg0ؗte;Mbpsۨ246986 >24] ough1)revexѥ˃GPsump////xuoQf t9ncer㸣70smyf gdEPmselvHaIJcalculAr z8PAer;llAĵru`x/multi9par¥pu2٦ndmig)0OOOONh3d0g"leftOO*Ls="+1"3.2AddiXInPsHhh3gHaoӬfourX9{cs ecaѳ__\"yo Yx Ztribu d@䝹el(1)@RAM,iskSCPU: nsyea typpf{dl(e.g.ƾbook0), (pacco8ewa(3+pencyetwețHǀǃYlii(4)jPoJi̳plXaleg_Y).alsݼcurr:Hr`itemqonowe줨7kee .{tHyCsixmembe,eviouX||'?''g'G"applihxalyzthfabdminiQtPneHHims@Ž739jre lx9psmooouiffsߑM"ePpfeqC@ϽriHMbRlrtS-provؕer( `cou>يuspieyfUhaivȾ1erϷϷϷ0">
Theapacityndostodelsorachatnterpec(RAM,iskCPUrovisioned1Pvicenator,2availableetworkHboHegressinb,z9chargusefς.hienergy8agXificaPb)wpouxpHenthncorporat(afixҁpPjtorloptimesca(.lthougay܌`basonah̀in idual؊plink0IunpictabilQanyiven 'sntributox-eleadsstot׍ mazonEC22]cd0ly,olleylpsminimizei0牷c772@Ps migh.ƛfluidWsherddi XǞ/Џс0 dynamhllsePÈ&̎vi0PPP l`ts.<צ32&3ϧ%OO1%V'"RequepLogemat6w<98b0er"rambox"ules=""ellsngpOOOOI FieldMeaǀ/WRTQtamp?snhnwreced (4B)?>Sce-EntAUIDf*n@atem P⁐ialt0-S(Byt@M(8DinLike ,iaߵO/ransIIX=Ugrouplr ώ///OI2B_HjuxfyBT1bi>TopplhlogНYw(leyM.Կm{sbReachlsoh(xi`6goM]roxץתץץץץץץץץץץץץץץץץץץץץץץר'"THȼɹoOl6?OOnew@`thЃWWncy-Changraage⫙Yp𾰫ZobjecɫOngoh-Bhƒggڙٵ :b݄ daѯvOone-tQ!irmreWwwwwwwwwwwwp2v; strucaxtp0sescribusݧ[bove.̸lPs*fXl傟cQBpdixator-deȲ9rade-offetweHتhmanةcohߨϨWWneeNmodelapl0mcisthat(durceiv t.tplowPifferstcdycco`Xugg@in旜sڷtxr1sca (suHdays)ndencethouldseatyodelhatstablttimescale.asednXergeodyforkemonstrating*effectivenessAnetZcoordinystems,esign(Volleyore[ieseenPssisnome-dnsionalpaspecifib.orjpurposXevalu@aperrelxn0ticbecaًHOove*s.hb ineargr؄i0`at-circՈgeographs;wQevelopPpri؍[36]her1compar8measuarou(trip{cromill8clientx0w0ohasPbaccuPrequi`ansؓ!`ddIoWWP,Zf@Ê0-loc dahXnS82psprhwo ekI!`focumprov xrnot0ndwidthނco܁wzpcyaq]8deoffa$]arbipoi!Inter. Cۅlan٩ nany9m0mayflXegcoÂzphoh!@aerturisdi, ׂќةѥids䪪 replic physxlЕŸ Äcȑ2HuchoinH iѰӈ)havïamfЏ@-amunCaloPwia Ǯrש@Altg=mmerciIlouervio``spok@emphasiznexo!kxWRaptuرio 0Xofs@i hehiexploBourn~h3.20"left*| ="+1"ϛ3.3AlgormpϠh3ׄ硏O9Q CosmoioBa yz@Hmiȱop(ttioɢasiȁ@SCOPE2687 >5zribuxecuJinfrauctia`semblMapRedu4111 >11aQL-liqualanguagXXltakؚ roxim x14xuȽrur8nth' @ logs; edsNZ{ade@ln 4.4״״״״׵״״״״״״״Ьhjob`p~Xeyasڻsear aHlchXe0Pi 2.Еrqk9349 >36 P{i prȴy̷goodӔJmvعve@imqh1pHasؔ( iIPdd‡ٺyP)vPfh(`bprre th*#$bulkU+ՈY ed`{3@dQfixpma8N󽨿/osfy7apacit?Cout@ݔ epnOa"H嶑desckWR179590 >T:2.Pndapays"m0'iprscill.5*y_Wmechanis` 'n8mp`.ςϤaulcf u@ehav gp oosu9a9,ďhAHbacka"iousblockquote>

1 B; r6r047;angleromBAxhich y3samsmoves)6oA'(@sxHuscompuCCresultYaU.ƒhsimplicityZXbXemiescribing;p0caДantipodsi`ϫץ1APh1:ËInitPlHmЦW8Htapacli aegeograpwpusmer`-atabAearrYHIP-t)pAmayHpVolleyobs,ut pnot^with ؏ .ap2[ e1aZdi tqccesbЈQaver݉?JIPx dWshownhgn!mouPun 򳝆/SGwhoidFX!^ng_@ou)Pdrawarc A؅~wohSҁ93'1ջqprop1ir4op(2sepe›!ddoy!(urs@H___])ceptualPilaPoD|mofaiޔBly,.g.,ǩǩǩǩǪm1ǩǫǫDz(ǩǩǩƁAǩǴ7ϰϰϰϰχϰϲϲϰϰϰϰϲϰϰihJ_qggn @ubtle@Zu : id5oxMOwwwww繧901 10ixampҚYfroe̞MeshrP:ifferqdevishzobj{atHB7p)rs;ĶeD orͽPlead:ϴ(label0!roidٹfB) pld y象…7777ߙ_ggg_gg`F,each7Dsedx`t`ks (rPublish-Pscrilj,?Ͼ575271),eaptoheightedphericaleanfdatapemspatommun8tithQusingjpositionieserwerelreadyssigned. Phax2:terativelyoveĈ `Reducėncyb>olleymsslo8qbpxientsnd+OKywt.hispetencorpotwoarpdeas:gsprmodel`ivaldi9 ]‘Wcoordin;Htrae/.9349 >362.ӂefinep8QHdayӈmoconPaforeographic9ddistanbetweenn؎4(amouY8hem蘰pull\mge.owever,nlik(Porky(m,̎onPexpȈcs;3Atprnfromllap[ohlOfixhux掇yield$rupshowXn 72190987 >Fig11y.ɥ@ururr)implemڧjsyaumb̓4tلoe;Se48suffiCoodHgIצצצצק~24~cher%1%'#imgecindex8Image"/׃?߫16Am0sAnXa1 harobjApld @(labelroid1#)dparticula:,פ̺2acA,irpdrapYLMesh e.ecau8dev@Ĩ!respibalmosllesK :a2B3hɸу'si߾߾߾߾ߘטߙߙߙߛߛߙߛߙ9ߙߞߝߞ砯砷ߙߙߙߙߙߙߙߪEU7ppغve0mowith}nxereH񮐳onýde@ms qmuchvZwarB,ABLH 97775=j7Pwwnew~lHhfκ lgormicitowwwwwwww?wGo"1ooonAooIntui3,olleypsprmltemp ošams xrQo!G 𚾸Qhreg)lyuqhuc„߄ߛ`isimul(eous`ulncy2i-iffic;`@S4Paȱݡ)erciuper|tudy@gPh3:ɧÏappDAs3AputaedeL ؿsurQUtheaػ``pso֓inatacenters,ndheetftemsnachWratisfietsapacityonstraints.ikehase 2,iPsonervely:itially,veryځmappeoSlosestr.or/rsatrepqir,olleydiKexperienceRfewacces؉ms )mnext//ecauP:maytiexcetotal_some(u1 wddprepea`proqlo'r.ssumingˏysnough@subfuoHZ
{҉dfoutpu8aigSposH wr Қvaluflncyongo!er-➘-tiquir@#].ԝawardlcu8us%old#†ǣinsupplibX@落rviadhi9tor,qhmodelN%Yex?=hn"umli-specc/echa`msh3FJ0"left*siz+1"3.4AM-WWh3_oooooooohesbeablPYdiff`Pudp1`com8`mend(plP`t{onԀxm7@logәѴcribT1.Ǹ ҹ(Uګؘ/.g/9592neaactuPg#Dtself.ɁKߝlsovl)cn۩winclud /.hSect`gǩǨaf騇ﴗw/'ycisȎ"'a7lowsmoPeasiHZ@rH\OpexamplPsouτfHow patȔmark read-غQsaHsysзpyaupanggca8եp(t-a1,Vpsr Wle]I.ϽrWmaȀ ultixڢ9r_mayxYd廽priX I0pYС_n,39ioo770throttlpo(iesuخҿ4rw׾pict،@ggS2unlike؛cJinextour.eca,donotpz|G,"xtni! !oR_wisxh2¿d0'"left* siz+1"_Y4Evaluzh2'm7߬77777770Iu,ompaȪ_`eeuriXcsrQ3plyshRsubn@outp0orm蛃etricapacitkewncenterraffic,ndser-perceivedatency.eocusxcluslynheonth-lonǵeshcronciseness.ƀbotheuristicsVolley,`irstmputeatalm0ihaPekffrom/*˅Hnvaluqualit0f2resultG fowthreesņallur/ethodologiesy;thatppears-z$i胘dowutoteonTKisda leBcloc)UniqS0es (producI,8newKwipbl0)nextim_7yrun).ЎPpreviousunse0jȇHenzdifferGD厹such# TQ—ƗYsid@IP aslosxossibtoIPddmo؝@acc莸it. 9sedDC͓oerhtetakbyQandu2its(mplic;r75hashYo癸soyopRload-balangZxgPtasonaIroacz1rюr B҄8ii-ūapskpe(hi(!a'Hop@ʞ8argO/瘧rougho2h 12BiX9tɦrWriXacrp(np8iihxactς2`fh.ÀwRQerYlɵkۀy2eamouAfJum`viuHǒǒ¸?sږ* fphmHag:I߱.0鸹yles-to-Sbet@Syxgunly?;onn۷r\need q-,9`smito`ٟP0raphR@,`g.דgu(7homodel˰Jn8)hxhQmon 10%qկA(ῐѕeAp㳹:mXnalylɹ\descطS3requipih'skm ieo*ढ़.ɘL8e9RCes8\0ndaAairtemzsedǁ;{0iڹ!߁gAelyF;samer,Vimмrip _r߃߃se輇r爓umf-waylays:]O 1,p2qHck !(=OՖXcuhleaBr׵8otocolverhead(IiniQ0(pi9CPnt8!uiite;yWU h p:woulagn0;mportq~mvincurԞN)@Fpclغttns8g(pϻo8il Cbiy#onཥ@25W(ecaоֽyhodoاachi`VweHalm)%nt> Ourvaluationeginsyomparingolleyndhe reeurixcs metrzfat nterapacitykew"i-raffic (Sec*4.1).ext,ee鄰ct)`selpm`FlXncyAcli0equests,cludi;cІ9axle,ypoxalxaonderstisXdetail4.2W*nncrbenefis@funۇumb7i`s?4.3??*resource@mȍrunnSCOPE`ributedecurinfraucture4.4Finally''%mo0fzntlressy/4.5).Fig12`b i>DirȡdifferhÎ iGWWWWGGGG'71'O/3Iz_____OO'O.h3W_Fleft//Gtz(+غIҁWT2398 >13D*ults:ash) balancpuseq], (ЅW?:;eDCzero(rdeal)ÿ`r`uni;ꎀmonIPadestmou(Њ?'!,󋿖P1rj supportˏ؎Xwiload,verr.Uihblmeeason77whPeeping`a `mfritotalumbpmess0s. `ular,dɊ,muc{ho 2׸=1.8׼xgoϷϻϷ032ϷϾ׾ϾϷϷϷϷϷϷϷϷ4Clirequqlatenca'.2n̈0Rs翇翗ǶOHr-ceivP|ON4183M6 heesults:ash)ighatency;neDCmediocreandommonIPtheestgthreeeuristics.lthou`performs tterxan Y,olleygdll,arularlyailfser!atx`iyvenndeplacement@rgy.ompedo6uces 75thcilv30%. 4.2.1MipDatnTbed`h4DžpjufyׂׅL҅Previously,ealu茸hictQ-ivvnalyalp]modelescrinecti(3.ɓYis󀛄_@'snystemixarototyploudrvice.eƁ'' qemLMeurpoȘpreysubse:`dpoyacross 20irtualachin@spreadA12eographdЊuds,B؞dX 1109lanetlabtȜѦclHts[ߜWߛߛߛ_XT?_1]onxaⵠ0viewpre''߬''OYs1pͼSaccep3Hro`rmppriߓ iXrIwrpo_?8,cann!ner[&K(ddiȮxp (e.g.,ppʔ8nxnda:s)ll wardely!Kloww8c$ocȯb0؁high؍PsuqfX'!rrЂ٥gόȣ>stalePs׬׬׬׬׭~24~%1%'#imgxcindex0033Im"/׃?߱16AFig 150bi>CaraVolle~monIPuricaSa;sbymWc,iuPaoajtr.׷YXsodbetlnc(h8LJic@i(gggggߔߔ߭/߭777777775walkghex>howw r8ezvous1us]docum@,ublish-sub{mH h(ռnsto!rbir;`casqfirح̯curt pHs;ed_a,h'?h_xv8o myˋG_P;",?򌕰bȊGclient'sPddress,hesepdatesillero-activelyoY`condZ,nsteadfavingpodocumyserviceseereeennyhanges.inallyzageueuSbufferssorD`rompublish-subscriXT.Ɇ#goxoffline`dInnectitan deKS. Tovaluoth֍HeymmonxheuriclPncyni0yHm,`sesamatalsputeirstek-LMeshrh.ecaual'Nr0io8t 20Mh rHomamples股y!it.א@lsoappeachUi{eclos0lanetlabode,ĄFigu15howslasdÌce;IAgroup ixin10ibarit@fx(ntationJ◌svixHtter0.ԪBbenefiȅvisibppia8((XnumbP8exhourc"x,adiq@qts ȇ8,gkypi]iv(ydelٌon)t@occashxxQg0lbslschedug0Xop%uTitбSb-EntR3-Size߂Dт©sȁID/^i>T0aЁa100‡7hQlp>1nǂfIP + m/)b/////2ό77/ߊߊߌGwOуO'OWWNwOwwww3/'''O'ww4O_ǜDŽ/o'oפߜߤ'oGG/ga2tp"0lign="juhfy__B__ɯr3Hypo@tapp`Bgs.ɻaisX`lȠפՂ1 ed xgeographich`(10, 110sՄyh;0)!''''6^cerI6Jat@ϹcommonѹbVolleyhase7d>yq(14.7,43.185.1,49.2UϹ籿?73,65.6) <((15.3,63/trـ*d>Q1T 4.p i>CommonIPndolleylmentsomputedsing ,ssumiaatntertveroionarthorcapacitynstraPs!- ffic8/P)׋16~;ϋ%odistancelatencyg7'ꡀE27,070s396퀇>8,202/44O1ߧp7,24h 29τک'߅߆߂ߪ413,5358)6,28H1e 5~Dssاє{iof`requesinw6W21337V a>.ήthouryodel۬_[49349 >361]clud@anmpiricy-depc@senalfo0ll"unxyvolv{cliwGGJGGGGGOth!hduoamplAce,livexpX omoskew776ifferbetweestwooethodolog@.hus,o jrov@@Hximuleously,biggbenefiPreducZ-׈ih4lefttzP+ 4.2.2Deta dxa LIb//h4mO׿׿׿׿ToYe9owocisȦHS_kdyxewnsidapp@.lxsئhypotI̚iMesransvqbjec@9)hiiddrPF(purp{thisassum aPtlpoEar*infini&!icoX.ׄickgeographord(10, 110)ڀsh eaqfachd'from WWs/cu׷׹зs 1*2.ɀ 1ނFw꼸sp(jme(̉pyȷ$Ql.ȫi Qrsup>1.yilarȈRPSSe񸐒ДO28Щver0n'iOuote>

urhkb['sw8Ƚ␟ 8-c0Yraf 8onyoo` qtiߍPh0 1Z8sXlaӴۿ(heuric.ɸrast,(XlhopPl80%m0acrossb dIwwq(nP¡Ho22䅐2e52u\Gex??91finhackshw΋3lYRˆrOfurs*oP9`ivoieiفaitykeѭȏicgarX,in__]accep!eOOOOg24ޗkq%771%>'#imgex0035QIm"/?oo16G?????>A??ǡ72𰧰niЮ

<@&0%ׁׁׁׁׁ׃1%"idth؃imgecindex0036`Image"/1†߆߆߆߈emjustifyblockquoteGmfontace="serifY>Figure 18.Dat iapacitytacholleyPationiьȃύ7/ϐϐϐϐϐϒ7׎וווח9CliP questatencߜG?ߗ7417776A77Turningowo,eeehP+'slhmqisukewed (andnpproxim@lyonsta@amount) (ilhase 3@hepitmoothsutroadccordxitsfBdmodel (i.e.,unonef`2rsospmoPn 10%U). efinal, howsC݇੘Ȇqminimumf!onfive,2s.ntraXimt0鰑- @ffic,9smMpeЦfromŏ`v8ssfyXǧ|14:1562o>255,22>386o>30:10o1ρ807LJLj8??"_roDzDzDzDzǴDzDzT6demn [inpstructq(ayzȫek`worthrs7/߻ǽ1a>]hi68uh,eaɩlo ufflreaswhPtot?sIhyvidȓdegref siapaemȠ8y/texߘߊߊkno@icomputationraphhataneun aingleachine,ndHusivid聸eotalumberferticesytagyieldsaegree!parallelismitoy:ZozoutustX 406s (somsub`ntiXyore).ԆSCOPEl isotdicatedortpra0:aulti-purposeusseQlaskscopI cof%16ours )yeeksmPmlavHs (bwidth`nsumpdu1mprdatalacementa0yz؈measu0pbyteW(anr؇ёexactmountcaoulenfPfidH@8quevolum clogpcors 100Hi ClirG@iǽǍgggg/g777777W7709777o?7???777777776IُGGGowwww?wGwwwwq4wwwGOwwwןwww2vPreviousunseobjimeWWWWWWWWW''''''''&ex="00041"lt="Image"/>

Figure 23.FractionfbjectsovedomparHtoirsteekiOψG24GGGC1GGGFAGGrovidesomens@hwhyunningolleyrequly遙plpful;heumberprevious@unseeincreasrapidHwithime.hPGy,detaccesxaŅoner.Αthatinability醨elplOOMhb@monIPuric,d1weoo@e`a@yvaluXڀ whichtxgrainerformance瓟ߚϚInddiznewڙp 1td,NjdgaxPie8 8nificabdifferatns rR_YYodli59enefHmi`t90seoo oPȃPrv. Ϛ5723ʢm1culfromߥJun@dseco,/ɘ`r=fǁwPour2bout 10%ɟ)OundergoMx,垸ha dir)pul?9hang orumoimportdisocapty-limidathTmajor1hta;ir߰wmhJJ,≘minxadv.ӫ clQ8sؐ!ț=hsPgeo-:bY.Ϝli:suS83.ɍ alإJcludsی:υυϰ ?9!H𜟇нh2ƺ\0_"leftGG*Dsiz@+1"b>5ReWork@Ȯh2}_Ipbleutomcǜppl-surs[eyptrih(yu"environI, Alaxtws (LANs),` ens`UD9lweb0t񵀢0iz!rI,focumeism8poiwx velop1б䦲ׇׇ׶H0Wҝ8esc0yi;rӦsttnDNs;if&GarxsypX?dynam acroHphD72hpȓipacIde(opΟ3{.1PMϤ3ϟϟϟϟϟϥϤ>SsfEmerald20],OS/.9552 >37,Glog>80088dLegǃ71735˜ǰxrovidy-indepe(hxmXbhۡmiйJWJm0;ȥۺbe@6ZJ-OȽra50725 >42[APv46`41havexnec𿨭JavGrough`wr(bycode, ᯇcisKo theserreveloper.nontrast,olleyocPsnlacementolicy,otechanism.omeriworkncorporatedothnde.g.,oign18],we racterizetsifferencwi['s anextubsection. 5.3qSPolijfStcĽ Р//h37=GGGGGGGG@yJCiDeliyή$ (CDNs)`bpmanyiexY170Лj, 7457281=ThavecoRHTTP(headhqbeno 8exorsynchizreXceeded.eca`CiX)asiXemXntHțe.g.ЗidupӺPm``⻜epe(mak@ecis2h(waoe.nraQS'deidynamw"aokheng`;EinPa`p@!ѥ8e轢|#l01[distriexecu*ϲ8zzUlog߽߽߽ߢߢߢ/4OptimeAƢ??'??????7??Abacйseemapbj `@in coXfunc.p98knowixim#algorithmsorhiseneralroblem,e!oryommunityasevelopedppximationlnumerousorepecializsettings,uch sparsestut4]ndariflavorsfacillocGF940 >6A, 7433782.obournowledgeTnolleyoesotapoXyيPsyevlytudiI s.ƌpexampl''#iffefromhthat񋰎aassotwlngwobjectXtenPatacH`,ju`stweenliX ,Ȓqmotivps'shoicopaeuristic;aQ؉experim0alpvpru(Hesulie. Althoughoaifica@imv @rt@-of--art_,e0"yet cloi m pt;minٛ?cheng!becandarder# ackag s@TscalʢBs@largeurvleav)pHbp sibzfurwSbeyoНSh20"left*="+1"OI6ConclusXЖh2m'ϖ''''''' CߌذPnu:gr0nLb鬀@makiincreas@uXPutoxtechniqusʳlracrP PBas9analys(@mh-lorTAj-s,ioftLiveessXhjbuilr%systermH'zgeographydribuY/ɌXWevolpBgqlo9pdeoorkeCOPE׼65ӟAaa㋭frameiWWe岐uHrbnlٍtB@rototypߊ{runڂ ǍǍĸtbf 12_Our es!at,p:OOO}imaneous`uAaskewص12,ni1-fn1.8x75th @tency30%Acknowledgash2}ippre(Asuppo88/sCNamS0JusairMؽOJٽє"sharbwi8uರnkshepherd,ejKanonymxview)eta deedbackhelpi;ǺǺǺǒ2eight="1em"idth="0aalign="left">
References NSDI, 2010.p+׆׆׆׆2mazoneb 3Kmiri,.etrou,.anger;yibsynamicunc lʋAData-insiveusteompuyUSENIXnnualechnicPCon0njǓǓ[4SrorPRao{U.azirani.xpFlowseomEmbeddsraph7>STOCF4ייי5RhaikeB.enkinhP.arRamseyShakibWeavZhouCOPE:asyefficiparallelrosofaXXdetVLDB.8Ϛ6MrikarrGuham vedbinatori8AlgHthmstheacilityocXk-MediaroblemFOCS1999o____7qE.ˋЧbFx,Fox Brewerinpo:em9inge8Sy؆DSN2__?_////8(FYudakңhWilliТapxk1captatصxӶӔlMa18xmhg02(2):207222:5߯϶϶϶9Dabek, I0KaashoMorriVivaldi:cHz8Network8orNIGCOMMgggGg7777108BGlobЩ*sATdwww.نyerknowledgeI/arch0s/ /03/27/google-q--faq//w"1HDeФ)wat(apReduce:implifi l9ӖkOSDIG120bookw.h󍸌_πʊggggggg3Flin@ԯSatyanȀ18BalancPer cEnerg!Qu va@put>ICDU߽߽߽߽߽߽ߚz4Fonseca,ǮorRKatzSXk%Ito.-TrQ/5ټ鱘meN?00715AiravelìϠzovbpres"/_Avi-Mets-An_A@lysxpdfooooool6pp?s.ǀť7.amrʛioleynfigural`cphicshoysȾtes (CAGES)ZACM GRAPHT 9(1):91997gggggggo[18\untcotThignutomcistrib@dti199919JamiCPAAurc,.az,nd.havitt.onstrainedirrorlacementnhenternepIn INFOCOM, 2001.

[20]E.ul,.evy,.utchinsonSA.…pk.Ɔ-gLmobility Emeraldystem.!ACMransacti aCompuXӁBs 6(1):109133, 196621xM.arls*MahalingaDoee8ReplicaGlgorithmstDeliverytworks?aal׀hopqWebCaYgDi(ibuY (WCW)222DpimelmaPVjQT0oth,WegBindseaeQS.homasynamicpRPartiA`VisualAgeentpVers3.0LecturXXscience;ol. 1543pagP5475489823Kari,.ummad`Milliovan8ableEffi9troxmmAb!LfWirelessehrPLDI724JskovecӠorz.xary-ScaViewanhstant-Mag WWW֍Oצצצצצר[25[LewisGrimshawieoLegYobjxdeHPDCےPg߫߫߫߫߫߭[26ؚkedI27xueder,ˠ(alsxxBarTSresig{Implof0ngs@pyAdc7DM8XF5GGGGGGGG28jve phwuwww.mьww9ssengQGCܴ!w߀ߑ30vshitc Kloto:dt-bouH2.0Ϩ(ESIGSOFTSE31{Michelv`Dam.xҺtheedroc89ost/satele phicsACM GRAPHGT0(2):1901957G[32Iicrosoftϴneo./enus 1/default.aspx߁߁߁߁ߧz Newto0S`oledo,̾Xirod, BalakrishnadPMaddePWbone:file-bas0Parti >NS093QuovaPeo-LoxtaOw.vaǀϽwwwwwww*qRapidelehycleϬ_er+spr/707169html'wwws_AgarwakLorcMatchmakM{a(OthhLncy-9P2PK IEEEoncurrency
,ages 7078, 1999.

[39]C.tewart,ˀ`hen,.Ākadas,́cotand.in.rofile-drivenomponentlacemQforlu@r-basonlineervicesDӈsρjk5(10):11, 2004________40XYXu%FH0Sgshot:eployxatefulӆDnirelessotsp .nMobi5GGGGGGGG41@(Tatsubori,ԎasakX`ChibaItano.yte-coderanslat?dxecutionf legacyavaofteMECOOPs 236255pr80Verlag"142xE8hrmaragdhJ-orche8a:utomaticapplichpi1782h0243xTwitxaref="http://www.t`">ǀomGGGGGGGG44@FanءShanmugasundmRied@ld>GehrkHildqHgh-Level̂`u"Data-DBWebGCDE6????????45Zhao,Xie, u,.ˀp؀qC IXGillu Botgraph:rScal0pammnettecYNSDI> 3lh15%1em"lign="cerfohsize="+1"毰="ifA>OptimizCostPermance 5vXretworkb8Ap߷h1i!ZgngooNJi>Purduenrsity 7/Ǹlj/arlieuϽOOǽ__ǔOOOO???oggG">M_OO_ooo_iHcro1eseaȒgRatulahajan/''_GGG׿77ϿGϫWW׫WWWPAlbertreenP//ϼϮ'߼߮'BlayChristiײײײ׹____OCorporaٮo2430%gg0gÿjuhfyG?>Abstract)er aethodoointlyptimheos0nhperformancefel fficromxnlvihprovider (OSP)etworkitss.urt,allednt,sason eyechniqueFirs9tasnoveloute-injecy`chanismoeasureheerformanceflternativaths(atpnoteingurrentlysed,ithoutisturbtraffic.econ`bancost,ce,,ndinkapacitynRtion,tmputeptimal vs.xOSP.achoiX*repres(stxiox gPuXrnorffersimultaneousmprovemine.ԃ4canickԄA2desirxde-8 (e.g.xsweet8).evaluatbenefx8rheafntact@ce-drn@aarg#Q 11eographical8ribhdataPjfiP2b thisu ic40%&anIcrh8(cyacceptablowfont> Pidonpe vicza@earch,apsinst8ssagexXi8(ngrowde@d.ooglet 5illus펨h2]Microsoft's̩1M0engp330탔@pe3245o`sfycglob C, 1{(s)tHetworkߛݰϥney @aI.i!هsЩ5d?r lpsrr؞|аfro0؊zO?nʗOOFO7Twoeys"sRBʻ׻delrlyC̪5K,Yahoo!X9receNexceedePypQday.ccordXlyyaru8onrcררע磏GnjGǨwpWh clز`Xc,UqritywellcaXuAlydHctt.ŷsm@þ9r-elaypaloXtime)…i)losr5throug-pu(0d@ick-Msߧ79000\Btapp룈tocol1volhmultip(riǻo`9___[ooo'߼G'_߼_٥`richnh9ЫuskPipic)opxic hxnumee`n%efixсcho*p)(OLAsel`iI1; ȭ׮'_ ha`@cF0cXwsomefre(Sorbi1ve.akmAs@Hb\doP!xde-offtwe@ht8comx.׻phowDQloI"s_e`ɻ17oQ߷߷߷߷߸߷߷߷߷߷߷߷ٖurnowledghn8uto8engine(TE)ethoex@سE/requ൑ou89*ؓ29hdtub/ɏĐpon `ra-d(H,P0ygoYjbalJaqmгاgg5599 >13a,WU2928G358825@@End-to-ٴ ce isotonsidered. Unlikeultihomedtubetworks,SPsanourcerafficromnyfhr#pleataenters.hflexibilitydds omhtelypwimeonoptimizat.ur0r,argeonnecthundsqI rPmagnitudXor0hwhichllorhHsabsoluɇAssuminEhhemeit[7,4105 >8356287 >15] @taXfypath(olɍ9xenzvXdؖytextgggggggggggg`Givelt[urrmethod9s@h+arxing&xr@rutary.peomanuyfigua(licbHnxbHecostxd ce.ecausx)Vw̄poithuchievYbe(rir'xWeresI!gneujExctfir_kn"(@primhhengresuHal@i,˥I erdomaorotocol (BGP)o@incl)7A,snknown",duȦbe\ȁ m @G:wict `irHc,8disruv overx0ViaHnl yjkechniquhToasJnЇaafix,elPnP8ip҇9Lӛinabs/32JGlot-8ruleXacke˻зȄwifollow4ʽ;XIt5inuoY?ȋb_T)e`ֶ)ߩجvHmhlinkpoh q)tegy'soal(PrevioAlgormstпۓ nqricد?rѮʚx`.ow`r, s|'Vaw8eaqoftõBbtnswHl؇oosqfitpend+tde-offn'Ysĸj|d[ (@v lAiickdڬ .Ӱ냟vX(ful9+a)qѝfigurjIZOOOOOOOO׾OOJdembenQMicrosilob(MSN),p)h day=Parbiripbyeu@r-drxnimi1ken'Ŭ{levaxf+׿׿н2+simulɶ-baɥSNPDH (`)@ic9XuZoHYup40%:8is'өܫhؑN `drheadxplicloPata@1eaKnon-defaul p_ءboenough˒ʜʦ x 8Ǻ>

Figure 1:ypicaletworkrchitectofargeSP.2Trafficostnderformance Hs` h2oE'Inhision,eescribeeߍt .ׁPlsoutlinunique]p_ptimizahportxtiesarisen7rksyxploHngprese@erset:lPn vHathstrans!vi؀wWOu3'w/wWwwgs.1/71ה3>llratУs.o@sfylobu0d,ucha@data #s (DCs)1multipleeographЖ (Ea0DCsnumbXA,ywhe8fromHhundredogHthous88FY,GcedobxneseLconnedyɇ9eȘ8nsibcarryʦ,beeZimxYa(Lasoog)MicrosoftZziwnackboرXiYF(υ)rłCnon-decr΂樑)qchxq9mmonlyeApric@׃o%uni?9Tob_b! 蒯.\وoy95th- (hP95y).Օascheו֍samdYy 5-minuval㘐cb8@ioe.gi>0nthϙÎI1MalXuy85%nobsi ewrcbebshorturٖ׵OOOOOg׳/(Iq@i8omaximumi੤ipow,ؓ!rXqu0abuHsmطpli؀Қoutgoo譠tinbouDoptimiz0c. 2.3Performanceeasuref est@`h3%_υ"justifytThseveralaysothe-perceived Pannlin!rvice.nonsultation8thSP0ators,oundripime (RTT) ȃWNhichhcludeClatencyetweenDCЂІehostXongopdirecs. 0ysuЄsearch,mail,hpqinstamessaging,s-ba.mall remsȆcpleao0gnifitosshPrHnue20]Wƙ"߁FSo2ysop(eravabler Ж`ath.hxengI8usxizYtrafscaimGe sAthousj1Accuمqrchniqurequrnumbrobȑ 6968 >17 , 605993725כeavܡ0futtaskexdourorkُ?/;WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWS4Cѩ+G߰GGGGG''G֙08bdisbuYrnvitnЎpthaPyilyamoarxrea(na (tinKprefix.irstusuyplxtcr)mipDCordimxexxijobnnom1*Qthus`PSЛi>e.g0iXDNSαHe0d,|ψͱia58eثidboISP@ P@Awpɑ s誋(fver:nal Hks)xssuڊPBIotXQsialxsqa-p銱p*zR (selAwh0wi1(, P(ypdotroldai.)_____ǨwG?">T8*diffehcHire㡈]pportun__hp8nee@t󺀖ʧٚxgoIʿjjߤ߇(pubPknown)t-of-H-ar@//mdo efa(8a@opooxeograp`RcloJoPtGLrom.i's|K𾿇HgnakiȨccjaar8nвb.Ϟpaexce p@yafiguYhc`y鼧hhZ缟缟'8Xx\ m,xwe0,miteؼeQTmethodE /sXcisba黐-ߴjdeoff*D@us .oضC1variousrefixesannoteadendepe(ntlycauseathPpacityonstraintreatemplex ciamongV.utomaticethodrehxneededo0nagi.hevelopmfuch^xtfocourork. 3ProblemormulhonІ//h27G__"justifywwwt'!CidernSP(erdata Cs DC =hdci"j'}DCsyr:|erXnectwibackbone3AolivffHenIG>d:k?} pI net.a؁,2hvariex)*rouqrequZrep,ill rd Figu82 TE gy"XdxncollI8ass ʝ1( )(,'C).Ŋi7ceptualiiswops,ame0j,.git8?9x///ۖWsZWۙj𩹅٬ǫhFirstsmcarhdyhouldexcp.edԔo>i ioni#correspIp(whiXxPePieadjov!)Us.ר׮GF׭"si yDcertggregpercincuoHQ.ϸgo٥iscoPoptimpWthatA3st-de-offsiryqgm1axim(׆ПanZXddi9rv)inpuprȆrizۘhhdyic.Ш؊GAsell ]volumГ#, dem(,hangٱ@e.׫uih,cheadap_eve@׾ו﾿s24fᗷ%1%Ƙ'#imgcindex0043ٚ Image"/?16ǜDžǜǜǜƁAǜǶ:BengpЮȣmO7777OOOOh2W_leftGt="+1"WQ4EntaKeyechniAooh2wũώOWWWWW׫WW>IsuwviewktX ۞We1ailhi8mphڻqnȃ.Hiprry ll(ٷ 1aarynexrkItmeasɲre(9wsȺ!I}haÿvia0yXbi8y erqvno8untbeused8H uq dЎ19osurroeppTemporbTnks*uct8suHfgranu(ityӔoLSinJ:Ђda?0*(h'sRswwwu0"> <@&0%h3em"idthaDleftXblockquote/mfontize="+1"acPserif>4.1ComputingostnderformanceOuro oG l(ncyn/, 0xminimYmpact Zurr ffic, e.gi>ou)tlyhangZIbe ;that.nГ@iblpproachHeybaIɘrexmPrevstudiharo techniqudichetwetwo!oi( Iynet102298997].owever,yhdesԐϐˏPk__(_X,ZAnopplicaotask1WUϢOﳭ ǁFwWeRTTZ KjvelrePjHpْ߬pϜWWwhiXЮȊXn-default R p eel (IPddrex0i2insta76/32workspeciԳirOSPGPaemmah pepssۺm.eca͸)est-$Prule,8ckepwi`followGʂ-߁܍_p1@'&cǓÅ;D*Fdata-plarob'(del5.1).imQ(ipOąIbchid9choo,diew6cerɡO%wh47)leftwwwtizp+1"ǻ4.1.2CompupermaEr8gy(ggh4om'/xTo1vidz(cBggregXnyngy. wༀrag{( w)Himgcex0044XIm"/pahe議volAqop izMr ctcalcul95%ink lizPoongilli@period (e.g.,onth),hilennxeEchemeeedsoat(tntervalsfinuteXrours.ׂjtherexisth@optimize95raffico[15],PmpltyAsuchmak*emhapplicabolargeSPtworkithundrineighbISPyushoos2@yXnsiderhort-mination nirect .uPyposis i,⃌steneoylow-s(tegixeaٍP@rctualovJpres 8ultThidthQ7xfH> uaiutquanԕfIy.sPscussedJ2.2 fo[)exnxkXF:π 0Lxadhx voluȖYllyfix RPY?y,!,olƆwb>(2O(.)Kicfunc҃Ωecameasupxsotx9oςasseudo;e24fcperᜇ%1%'#imgȊdex0045Image"/?ǟ16AFig3:-8Xmancdeofft>spgo7:h3ǫVleft??="+1"4.2CJ!`POhh3%ǔnowoH' frameworkB~and9inRdveXsirab yȦ:firssb‚bxrbi`riid mxiќ)tpathsobtal0Ҹ_.ɶh~,an)prwithouacૃrisa.econÉ`h selecZzb8 chW/.-11Thirsix?ٌWRspliGGGJviXeyiQheurifQigr(sol9apx@tcd񶊺ﳷ=4??G'??7=.1Search`mcurvewt4ǣwײ?>GyRIplt߳(wљHTTᝐwXy) H2-DhaYs llhidheHeach䞘reзƙaumbe 1omborial,NpwRTTndcost.ffectively, 0urv0onnngllʃ4iesorms,Jonplane. TompuPthis,eweeprombou possiblevaluPto9uppatncrements,Ie.gi>, 1퀘geinimumachi>range.heseSr@etos!σbeerd"Gte(imY(fdefaul,OOOOOOOOOOOOHGnPҙ"萺wuslinearrograg (LP).ol)notationsFigu2kij)jrtt;/iڃ(׃׃׃ӕxm{yʔdescribeds:24cper%Ǥ1%Υ'#imgecindex0046(Image"/?1…DžϩϪϩϩϩ΁Aϩϔ@jxxWGGGGWWWWWWwWWR7WWGOW___WWCondi1prapacit`iUexn8rμ 8aax(by0.95)K9somhpY~!cmodxtivarionE. w2w_mn 3ns)W0Ȫ҇)carriedoz( f8eaC1ھBizStxlseudoz.olvsuLP9H0p#nnYdTENHubt`yielkopcuOWǨWh4_gleftϼϣOt="+1"4.2.2Selir|ع77h4?mOwwwwwwwpE>({'9ticulardeofftweperhmance̓Bas(글,aOSP0 ypicPyetinros0Cies ׀ I*idfy,Dsum㘒眨oiɁDG8budge2meesmaq 8plexGe.ƩH,(aky aerQKX`npu@ThЁ/gbad3unit)yoxZdecrP!g? Fn?corpH٦ZQϥϘTwhJslopMpseudoCost +KZwRTT. ThisoiHguaranteedoeniqbecauseptimaltrategy8convex.orcnience,eefitutilityja.ower +srtter.׍anirectly 0turningby0h!mod8zriginizationroblem9izh4.2.3FX ahactic`bh4siraid`ifiXabosumthat ffic1xBsph biriacrultippaths.ɓ1ʚhHver,1ontak#alnx؂ a 蜐a0hrisfkijHevol ˛P,҄ᄆsetexlinklharouto`aWgÿpavailCapzoVcapacᡨ胱b> 00z޽aBupd`d ҡбuȹ.ׇyeasugs躘`i(hVlargēRl?>nreedZ>I)ݕɓaWWWWWo70G/:Hitsorrespo__i>'`(oma X2д(dcimw)snouidufWgLZabi@ypK6>Compaw`_pmo`xѿbadcisIyxu gOkselec9dacٵ1E-̬)r[a0unο -well1orbetȿpobtus9sopPmethods26].u(!how simpapXxhڶ׶׽0cloyggggg16/+%7h2߽L0O"left77*4sp="+1"5PrototypeɈٽbh2ݨ/ׅ/////(scrizּE0ct.n 291578 >FigA4Ҵhйpuo)fir`YNetflowataromlloutersnheSPetwork,hichivesformation flowsurrentlyravPingR4.Ԃsecond(putsJablws߃߃not8/yeused჈bxalsoalHnveofferXbyighborSPsthirlinkapaciti(priceofntacahmmend(TEtegy. Figure 4:architect،ό׆1A`idtimytoixed-length`ndsize TEaPw%producС`eXyto egyYi,Jmeasx8trfficoluКRapernce1previoa.ׁssthatseuantchang ;muXsern׈ќރlrhJp꣱eu3m@jߋYJppliЎgbinj@sel8,xmilaf/32PddressOSh31leftt="+1"ϟ5.1Mגӫh377777770AX eebta fG@oPpa20"˺zלкsrobstho蒟pfyoqwix(}Hpourus-Lycolorq()`RIR_\ s,EPYrsϦʥcribeaPVsp׿ogf8''''''g''Xb> GDsibl耘eilyHsco0Ò777 .hm`cQn/ѷunlikev۳عhbir ( d }알GfirstiȚR0seʬ foupNet-f aspXǽhe8cȾ[WR360200 >28!]!@priorzyordhmallЊߟ,e.gi>, *.1927SHcann!?FD?ߑ/~notnough;ne@multipH';sianeoushalso i'ëٜhgeographic(see 6.1EvX񘿘Aso؆always`@?7ҠZزAn.ظpajptrixselv킔wphx??Ƕohow, (HY sapp똁tutplyж(G\limitCeجHФ8rinI' th0browseroolbars. Rou@injectorxb> elsp0nativesromhingablebtainedbrs(ZOSPetwork,ndstallsJk؃wvo .Ԁmgi8GPaemathsessi`withloreRedg~dynamicynd`drawsrafATto@osexplHde(of9procs aimp exaABdenqaafXrefix p[data {DCas:(DC,gr0x),he8x'saloqЄCXIY `Žhwillowardfic!(In Figu5,upe,faultӌxollohE1/32oo")BuȖbh?3cOTbgpd]mitǃdetailsuXpppmport,owrX*"YedgoshouldqEkeepW3pmsel(r ,doncounĊ@grobP`trigganypagPsYOSPhPrkϿϿ24cery''77777w77>PXb> ljR1Ha ꘗe theivePslong selectedternatpathsoeasureQirerformance.orachj,roberakesQRTTamplandsЄAmediansrepresentestimatefatr.Ԇimodulnd`CPCKcketaomigortse9onisill`tenrigg!OIQreturjRSTl.omparwithICMPs,2Qddy/IclosolncyxiXapplicsecaxTsay wardinetworklow0priority16].
5.2yugEtrHgyOOh3WՇg"juXfytGA9c"ەoybasјpc ataÚfixafficolume:!ȜȘi9o00poiOSP%)җişcessoron29157Fig4A.tNetfeamHr0aco@rorsإm٦/nxdd9scalabilHCour m``l1/1?7ǙǙǙwpFllH`op ہ<Ïcrib4.2MOSEK763597 >+Qsol)Lۊsqu`genс+ral.hd@1Gl8acnver8iXywhiomTx߫祇?>WQnductnicrosoft'slobHnetwork (MSN),حlargdah{0136how@o˃0th(wesespNorAmcEurྋAsiaaciaPyr-8necAwih-spededHlealinkTooxheadfE,eocusnheigh-volumerefixesatarry"bulktrafficndhoseptimizatixhasigni antffectVaggregateost*performance.etartithtop 30Kwhichccou 90%ҁrtal&.argdvertisednlobroutingomespansultipleeograplocs21]Xldnd@- bylit2mtomallerub-.owe(, xexplainpbelowwneenoughivePdresseaX׋hetermxerxnglenot.uqltnumb(iscoR4(5.1)jbypas燘䎸thXpa. 2nsidb@閃diretweeRTTo(y iitiun5푨TypJPal؃wod5aropoaߗߗߗAe rhos N<>ip,ߕݘ;nar!asured.Ϧo0j4ǘǘorAis-clhטnebvonly nq8ǖǖǖǖǗn24ncer阏%1%'#imgcix0052Image"/ǃ?ϛ16AFigA7:aximumjmo>PP GGGGGύRRLatfr /R/Ƅ%58o2g>>5 7traffic592g>6׀_牡77/Wgg϶ggggg>T:1:̼Tohoos(ppriaض//(exami(Y4. 1haЀ@lt 8WM. '#04943 Qllr`dipibu翐m// faP>ari(from 2a8.h(gapsi(abetweeĪ>=2(d4,邩comxPs0oxdincrbeyoTeyb8%eϊϯ>= 4װ8hD5Wuick'' abalay accuracysle-*4dҀ9numberIvailforse7??/Afcar)ew8nPaleft15. furx77̂deemmulti6hi`ЊpstudyON5736 mBchaizSy㻐xX;oluP.hileargeortionfhxrefixesndrafficrerom΁hhmericaEurope,lsoaveomeoverainremaining@rentinents.ԃ׃Ѓp2,791is0ctSaccountor 26%totalSNnumberalternatirout aaritfferCocon0Amoe 66K-pairs, 61%1h 4,, 27s 58 Lj1 sothanv. Ourcus xaubsetraistwoueȉFtAsultsasedYspplb 8all?ed,owhouldpp(riatelycalinkapacit?דsidpbo0ext16cxer9ߌ%h4ߌ0"left*siz+1"716.1.1RehsnesfelectПUh4u7 utz/΀xstudyeXqmHQcost-per@mancrade-offÁ9cardy g',2bxfi(TEpizBexepathdhr chea one`Ldefastegy.fiiesphcho`<(P<`>H9) sax ݃jromy 14Kgh-voluh)lowl)hich9%B0.8GG4lHeaHp9_g'c Hfy 2IPdd0Y=aU (wi0RTTVun5s)mea贀leasچ~wibȡ ngle-%,喙tgh׺Hspmip߳߳߳߳ߴ߳߳߶g߳">cg, 7ݻosua,re"=Xrom11Cver0in+ 1acomp ˤϟϟ,e.gtBGPl(`DCx)43 (mayfew(dAoavaXbilityC(. Figa86.1.2Scpngnkpacئwwh4妏7Eexl3IxP{lP‘4stBcarrkaiŦ”Ynfsueca ontudyqubHpproprievaluZﳗL0֭O3∛܁Ʀ.nJ"1Њ+dowl٠(Ɏhsta,here volallndb>sth raffic umesfwoetyprefixiniveneriod.Ԃproblemithispach `thatHverlookepatial temporhvarion3,inc"rctuPyependnXilinkrt;eグidermptsompute7f@e9sepaely.urbservFa vis`edBcertautilizleveluringakime.Njij,qш=mgecindex="00054"lt="Image"/9݃у7supEpGWQEkגЋA@P77)?urJdefaultEtegany 5-min)intlTensurni??ٕڕHabeXpafcaHg.oO//?7 mayccxdiffxntoms. meth4owhcapacityinfluedy.Ɲhinsta(,錏Ǧcnp@arriy#7Gђt will`򝸆zerolimpern0vathTcanexpldopП,ye.gqgЖ"us_not ougey2helpalowwRTT/ost.u:loXs!showgniaxbenxOSPȭ%resbo ieva`Qpr(iceϗϗϗϗϘv16vcer񙗙%h3ߙQ0"left*siz+1"6.2QuЯr(mbYooh3w-/ןTotQa_X(orRDcw^pex"lWVWh95%ކ(P95)iȔPlu0iodu hnt8Adcte*kϪ`aZar7bschemehP becaitdo!chargimodelyMSN.oISPs0xHsua ong-mlQ?0lsompopetyf(sХ `exceed(ertaholȏleaHfutork.(\Snon-Woo虇@atakl"8ragcros3ookA 0mpl8Z0`xhinime- mĽ,XntrolheahirobᨁroCjڣ(obwo'!(wУ9Jbas0d5Qes)!a 20׳׳׳׳״_">Њd, r,Xcoar׋8Xoodxy`diгw8omselX 5002򁣔PUFromDCkPC1,09athsadurb o謀|s݃aPyٺ571DŽAsa :ute yveragingwoandomlyelectedeasurementsnhe 20-minu(interval.eonductisxperior 1ahndalculaYdifferenceetweenυ5υ˂I oflaths.Ʉurnsu1at///erAdeh`ylosoO.ԇ/)ums5I78%92%Acases sp`ively. 7Ress_gh2oU'Is)on,Imonstr9plabenponlineEptimizӯ@MSNalsotudyowwCJax²eweyrameXEntact,pcludڲnDCeЖ5{wPow.ur)0dPhe-kdatal4Septe20090hichowopˉpe-of-yxS ricиmachPrixcسusuyuistable`lPekyobpplicڵlongduТaspllgFCur tlyo0ato(`|inj/32^HȒzetworkorPtri8imp0Ycoms.( ha0lPAability lemؖaon-kg0 cannoAbiHrihDCQoр `ذ*.ɟxeadЉssimul"z(,𱒕Ju@ׇW3hejsQfogw :ass񹂅(eao8tsdiIgiԪ)@m󨸻XmadpyosriexB0[9, 5344 >1262875]zhY:nes|withpu8ձuiϾϾϾϾϼϾϾϼ3׼'.1BǶý3ッ>GC20111 >Fig z9ȦwRTTZcfaϖ,10K = 10),ow-C(minჂi !BPpYinfQ)use-(þ4onromϿʝe-avmillisecondHIy_eyɛ"r( iXxllarfid(reasZbigapPth3'&hihYr`f`al)t, Entact10 pathype74.5→75^X19xԀb߈7shor4.6>44.7<30.21355.8>chea_5.5>27.6%9^!38.3]7777__.7>84gY8g14oo໿Z߻220AT2:omphsH!s h`å10non-DC,Ntg>2ߟo'&'o7ϯϖϖϖϰϖϖϲgǭǖ3ϖϖϖϖϖϖϖϖDCelectɿa*6cenxkToetXstAsour`improvem8feredy,eeWyur8ộical 20-minyTEndow. reaks xbasȧȧPirelativʦwesewos.verp,majority (88.2%)fherefixesressignedodefaultathnntact10 Tab3h;gѿc10⾡20-minuWwhe720x׿rofromP8p .¿`x70Oυ*9.7em焵ppeaomWPnبWllurstud9 7hH3'''''ϕoWWWoWWoo0111 9rshowe.g., 20inutes).eill(udyohatxtentheEndowffectsoptimizationesulin 7.48font> 7.2EofCel8 __h3gw"justifytWQ0n,eXpon.argerumb8:sprovideoreЌnveathsors,ihturnIuldeadbetmem1@rZdefaHrategy.one(less,pialsopcurre`(h!(RTTeasur anda!onder08h@manyare(reatta mosf_Xbenefits.ƈea`prxP11basКIMro0rom[DConlyseoakenfiȞ'evaluЄ.ԟ1rȢtbe!ca pddx@coarse-granu8ity, wponcЈekrdevelopHhtXmodifi Entacti(rsu`i>kb>icloseJOx? ''ǁF'wFig@ 10xmp+wH,st,"util (4.2.2)jasv8111B4/( w.ǣpnF`ohangeai `\byOjcclXTlic;{ist wo xfer'xѻأm8yaXhAuplxCҩH@BfocuxnYY蛡Bw?*,p>1ב?(withׅno)ҟ>2wߣcy12%18%(spРirۘeudnishw>xceeds 2sugAhoeri boϽ'Mh,͎xxemzLalZpgOgurnvigcrPPK[€near(U`g01grnotlpcaTjtoo ge/N*y+7oYhoAdxﮧ???=F95% fficdu6iepod.ow蕸GGGGBٻppseudof!Zؽ.ŲYughzgbǷlj''1w(wayscgrow|`߉߉ޯb8u:mopiHd瘍16cer %h3ߙi0"left*s="+1"7.3E`calnPs8ooh3w/ןW0߯ۼp numbІ׆s (xmq)[RDC.+r millotnlyfferorelexibilitynEptimizationutlsocurreatoverheadmsoute(jec,WrandTTeasurement.ɂhisxperi,e%e8@nvecsromachCo[prefix y 20inkor 1ay. Fig11 ustrsJw,os iutEntact10 7.4"pǨϩ0h3ׄͨ穏 nstudyi@c7@ress.er(mIlinaGsٺdictPancȽx`:(5).ϻoh,othvolucanarygni`antwithlarg?w.tlleteai9QfHfixHwe0dury i_PramDŽkincuHverheadJ(jx,TTeasxm3mayvenYrequ9u-8ceX@is?ƛǼǼǁFǼ X sw,osutility10Hrer/9s`om 20inR4our@AsИejfocuRcoh^.כq 76beachCZ10廪shakPPval)avoid kh8ٍjpub-_y¬npl`8khЧ81\m1onl!/߿?76@<98%"rxr="box"ules="X"shRpaddG/) # CPU (%)F!/tr2bodyE5,00093/0.810.9=e10o5G21.6wp7ww?8.2p18χGO†>44.8wp6WW7o>78.06_7.5ljÉϊK4/>1>16.1W@.8Gfont>T 4:oupinjectionverheadeasured aestbed.8OnlineEptimiza"O$@`h2Sor,eaveemonstrattheenefitsrovidbyntact.n is+:studyfPibilityfployingoerformull-scaoonPplargeSP.ԄkeytorXatmsړs񃤅hnumberprxes.hi؇re roughly 300KPnettotalwillocu`@opK-volumeraccou90%rafficMSN (().ulti-[>may0flualbeyond;ylem''hastorkres:7.3؀H4uggTca`tta(mo\撘us2IhromachCBp1-hourwindowowvalumancaomponsndؗshetts?ϥ3ߥϥo.1/3W>@'IOOI@pXrPSchorba>]risisco 12=BCunnyg.ǁƚhp8usWbackb 8Aen>niti8zes,te8ҙin@ PoromRRTT%defaلon-׾sianeouslyhcessbЫ``@dayavoiload). 3656TabphowURIB (! QBbase)Fwar76gr.occupyb0 4.8Bу.umr8(:smagPto' typipholڵߪ4(Ǽq,)GGGGG^wF'AfBComparedoheefaultEtrategy,onlineoptimizationerformbyntactayause fficshiforerequently.his beneedscinuallydapthangeancen8volumeanSP.arg`evenverloadertaЇxkdown`eamSPs,aising9lleUfA\problemxPrb(f틸iplei,JatotύPAquafyi`M ok: Here,ɗFig 13 TbS&u@r+tc׹պb{10ÓIi`eu^iod.q7 r@inacrossiffp;itP0J򎏎variRWbؒhaysztÃѾWWhy htPY̍=.xpl8о7.ass`jorit({ӝ)oh%")ڞ huffl\ rough10%.oreH)d8ot8wiacursimiexGBdߟ׿24ooo߻8.3Cuytime8h3WP>k!ܸQutPopU1two eps:)olvingiLPpoblemifȩfrම)olu;con tộGF Beone.etnb eumbf~,!d''fC8l??8e(linkl'R8sAfijb)؈hn  l؅S(eGiusuallyuchm`erhan nndootrowith,eonsideizefbLProblemoeO(n).Tpworstas1mplexitys܄3.51].BheuristicorvertingfractionaloluYn8@egone (4.2.3)equire+itera!sQassig(efixes.naX,akklog)ډsoruned~(/jhore,rHstep2{)Qfont>WevaluaXtimHlvOnceutottleneckTEp`iz. @uHMosek3597 >62r:measur+ߒp1windP8a׀bser92008iZtwo 2.5Hzeؚcess16Bmory"ruexpmentsmtop(K-vx`aJ300^ppe0vel0RTTsM/from89h82Og xXbdI0rib+12nؑProut2<11CʜstraffK,,linki)capacin(mid`ct0drawnYMSNatt3n|jWR971ed0esȧaç61-hourwWWWWW16cpery%'h3ߠ١<0?"left''*$Q="+1"wq8.4PЯlA0Ph3ŦOoToڛ97ߡN[bH(ag"|8r() ט (/-̚t5 (TCacke80 (by/ 360x) = 0.1bpSuheadnegibؔ"wwwww'''?''''''GO''#5"YTGϓGדG瘯ǹ綣GGGGGGGFcollʴNetflѰC.takbГ9}肟7<5-minPvPdur)peak.eca-8-f辔%8eamEnt, Hfastnough @Zopizj2wG9Rel"Workײ2ײ'װ?תװWװ>Ow clos[JeA3 lo꽀 sSultihohwhibroadxf0cpg@eXqfiraclud( tudPaPimquaf(p8@permanc`ents*,compar3yZxlaqv@g<(ilepos=0353784 >7, 4105 >85020 >11߂9128 >24]*؉ypic(gnorȸP Wgnniv0HnGGG],kella eQi>WWWWU_g ]arCDNrkirHshrt̖`htqean0aHmvê(25%r moreor 2-multihomedustHrnostases,ndofheenefitsingxnchievus4roviders.urorkiffromsetudiesthatonsothermanc0c(. Tsep(ategoryiRoh/clud8al8ithmicދrouselectitoptimize, ȈOenertatrxt12, 62875].Ƒ8example,oldenberg eti>7??>] numIssasiniduallowo#OtotlpncysllÉfixɉ.hamdhe8Dovrolisooo:velopߗ8lISPginaxavailability[egressommɈמxSnoIgeon'''p ewjwayHFiraw蠸@oTEa;echniquysearc:"sweet-spotS-xuum.ӜL0ЦimȄKde@lak-injk-bdgeasuxg2ternvathreal-e9nȟ9knowledgh۩ɕ9qlargeSPetwhichhib ifitlycharaci`c4_gabsvious +d_1AnasH@]檇ᵧD;era-3nH-dom)fnginengP.g,5993729288825 >2򬰳foQX%hal`"ut(|P`inipeadٳsend-to-8`(ef32fcer὇%h2>left="+1"߽10Cosh2u7WCrobXB/?carryt"nrkIŷu#ʼ{hexȴYs89'data sPPYglobÂh@rednKi,HnpfԆnparh[ɝQ. uيֈC챔,ExcnspUsAYypp(udؼHdr nvalu&<үwth 110|3:<lpȱuٺЦmby 40% غHmmi?Ȕalsobenef AdacceptabHlowverhs_____6WW'WWWWGW/WWQ1Ac-sowMurtazaotiwضMarekedrzejewiczZcolҹXNetfў.onau4ka@SytYBGP@s!MSNnkm@lWWWWWnʬWWFW7}Jenni8exdshepherd{aһNSDI 2010viewireedbackeidth="0em">References [16]GUMMADIwK.ЈMDHYASTHARIBBLg.ĊxL|EVYGH.͊>ׁ}THERALLD.ʉ0mprovtheeliabilityfternetathsthne-hopourRout|OSыGGGGGGGGG7@HEN>Ӕ$TEENKISTvaluationcharacizPavailableȏ bechniques.IEEESACpecialssuenWWWeasurementapp,Mod`ngf3gggggggo[18`IETFԓAFFICfENGINEERIORK>OUP5aref="http://www.ietf.org/htmk.Ps/tewg-.lcP>ׁׁׁׁ////////19(JIN/DuVROLISCnd-to-ex/.:ntethodology,ynamicsrel*tcproughputggg2gggggggo[20`KMHAV_ENN_ߞ/MMERFIELjPicguideoontrolledxpIs @iweb:isteoustomXothippohKDȲd7gggggggo[21`mYTHILgxƺV]TUKUROFFAMR/(BLAKRISHNA'aGeographic a}ipefixQ~thnfere(IMi>)5[22Nf,.E>ھlHAPrediعFNetworkĒaCoordins-BaspApachOαINFO[23R5UG79HORg77tYraff8EngineEstimdMatricߑߑߑߑߑߑ޹gggggggo`4` EVCIKP/ARTLETT/ImvUserŤ"Routeѥ.ech.ep. 5062etForecastc ????????25>TRAUSע, ATAB`AASHOEoPtRABHAKAœpruce:콑w toolorigf?GϹ////////6(5AZIRAN?.ءx!Algor@ms8er-Verlagz127xW}o,LIVKINOoooIR, ǵPdian:Ꮧت򳡈Bv2irtualLACM٪_8EITOUJUMIRapid)lor AmLiveddressXaHUsOplicoverya7Globecom
ExploringinkorrelationorfficiloodAini(essens0NetworksUniversityfinnesotahw`Citiei׎?ϊϊ"24750%o"justifywpGo>Abstract__ǑWWWj-ExiPfalgthmsaveemonted0rffect`sachievAcommunic+H cynd iabiliHwMsKnL.owe,urrermancemprovemhaseenXm by)ssumpRlindepe((,sremisosYnehcostlcknowledgs (ACKs)rom YyceY.n@isa,e! tllӢ(CF)(hich夁icIoey6coptɛPc.jCFqusnP1-hop8zS!a)dmak5hȉ dPribuAqscalablthowplex`.ealu)extpXh l-l8et s,rei rtypfestbeds:iІY320ICAzo1multiOx37aearutdo_48{P8326-her-4bri.ystey)ֵ@hshxthaFusameOt-of-roluQȒ8uc t lumbpehransxssndy30 50%35k,splyggϦTNh2W leftwwu1Intro8k277߰߰߭w߽>ooi բaxotoX󌈹I`agon jlieR.fundno`̬tixsynchroniz[<=0460592 >15],at߁62800 >2, 98469704593550group3334ؿ6141 >39"!8496 >y375h2ӚOOO7OOEx algorms11598x5013jߐ602o808h2jкpdemPirZn@municHicienc8_Qǜǜur(j`mveY,w(h beePamxlt(sumpzkip8adoppr`ous,(dxH8YreceRbpˤФbȾ:te8#.Նrua0, `8nppr0o 9cknowle`Y (ACK)adctlyndx٩)Ӹp.hȪbecaus's annot ؒo0ቿX( f |j"dOOOO7OOHes/mayeaZh hl056 11)885 >8],ongestion2\and siblyheCKtormroblem626014znirelessetworks.oddrthis0efficiency@s,ہpesentqerst8mhensiveudoxploitinkXrabHtextfloodingesig^psorԇdrivideaehiours collect1.reviouslyder )matedhertransmiwaHuccfulas`on`Reedbackrom idrecer.nsteadeechanismAallowinfIˊI0a΅skPoneighborisytiliz!񎧎am`m.peci (weseCondiyalЉhet҈pP8ab(ty (CPRP) atricHracteriz aIi2node'uP 1a,疐vated3am.‹environmtdRasurɊPcu蓣|o`sPfɚheؓ ssagt@xaPev(i.e.,mpυ̚dynamlar聟Їile)8f> WithϤω+vail,Wr8chieccumIAmannqyϞr (def萐 ɗy*&)YnoQbinar0/1),uO(uetwe 01.ՓWi>pd;G'prȆ0tаp(ihea)broadca|i؉0 ysIsXn8p gGdSynotertaHr-!ѼXithholdI)uo_bЪpoawarjtniq(xexplo8ױfurFloo1,;XsreȤ\ fviylf-org zcompetK//(.ž8yi蓘KnXHors:h, 2qu@QŻWTImonkwiataroIar`psupp l'j'st@)epntjduc*nda(/////װ///////;summ(urH0sPws:]24^cerٷ{%1%؂'#imzixx006JImp"/?16/+b>Figu8C?1PackPRpp٧x7??OOO׌OߌOOoOOI5OOOWWߑWWWwO 2.is.ConSalнGOx9knowledg0׳ԳɽwataXt9kl-opZب8ٵmPdct ern-ed:accumuive CKs. <(Althoughhehenomenafinkorrelationaseen ednliterature31],8rovidefirstxtensivetudyoploitisormmunicime.eevealat'%can s(achix (i) collectAACKs, wellA(i@efficiawardereon>Ouresigs8lendymmetric.ebroadca decis@s indi uHno0baPacragrbabi yaluhneighborshichZurnJupdatby 1hearingЄvsromirg.HQopronlyxp1hop'xm,ak)otoh(disbucalableG>eworkXmulti1r-l(estbedlarHix.ԗressҒДq/pra,0lioutiPrexsth-of--arQ6/ul`p `ght="0"idth="1em"l="jupfy">Ć8faqorganizyPows:Ӗ# 2es(smobehСb .3Xtroduc`twoey@ch8smȂ4chANs 5"6wmt8P'f Qcusss RH7,N8nclu Q>2M&؅h2m.PXiou譨inбessxpacketcepf7lʰrh9xwww, om797h3g0458048 >4WP6936OI222J1824`adioLittystec|invXigʝkgmo- xoKgap,#srrIempiHxÎ 9Mosp@allyrobpvci 2被foun( (ǩש<·*:FЖsransmam(ender,fIs, 42ICAzEe`usedx0_ܳȹh^domgenelayou`diffcr: (i)peqrk!lot,(ioofe. HeaFigure 1(a)nd__Y1(b#illustratQer600ptionsworoupshreendooutbexper0nts,spect0ly.Ԉloca爐ca(showgd75429f3OC89574blhsoroHtoSt.learly,Xexishtrongl)'%am9ZeboriFample,ߏ???a>,n(sequencumber 282508)N22sGQwI9;3.ɇrdquantif9(n,efinC iAalИsRrobability (CPRP),sols: To0alyzeRmoirwimopsymHcallycomputx>pithn-zerouesHyh@32ϼŦbgenerwv8ws= 496binjǶ ϶϶϶϶.82392(aZs2distribu˱݄nȵO2Lll#߂ܦ鸱7''''''' gljljƪҽ >51aohgdprobability߻߻܏׏׏׏Էcolllyǿpcloto 100-result ifiourbvifd!a@5thhaP8rbeioij.uphys9int0neɼ@linkysQMICAz𼨻m)eackgroundrafficrnterferenceouldlsoauseheinkorrelation oradioforms32]. 2.3SpaliversityRR8Xh3텮pWjustifyL_XBesidesn,eonfirme hatpacketecepr9s ()f*a pHedistribu '$58048 >4 375429 >Figure 3Ihowk1indo`FixSingleendexpXment.ԕpcP9pxicaؖnoH' slargpa!,2hЀvaluthis hrrepresۍhdoЌK8ynumb erneathoos PRRَsWWWW?WWOuQseven0(twophyslly ylooachcJgmay`totdifbtFexamplוו,though N36B~9"HX86 up-rnirڏ2si@antnt, 81.55%2.64%,spectlyJHIm18iwisufxs,{as47,V23Wy2.mienoPoccu$out*׊M1ЊO>10@nߢ7895ڲG24~%ׁ׶װ綆%imgex0069Image"/Ǵ16߆߻ߵb.Y(%)(EN(O)3'wGGG_GRh3 ׻nleftWW*T="+1" 2.4OpportunityChHengxFlood;h3]ǬoǫǫǫǫǫǫǫWZ{obhvwouldmtprotocoepacus3YfTAparticu0׳׳׳׳״׳׳׎/׳׍LinkorrelB:Axi@ osxtakdvțX>8bx)ӪDHجAuldi8tCKsromw normZdhliabilA red.nwordH edsas`*acke`leaX"commPZh (½lici̼) 8 dundancbroad-ca#''AxcHol񌕖@Aƍscx77777ߣOש8palĐڢ#SY82.3 ɽtro0 zernAcloeAeypyaveramxcdiff unviron1ects~mi-hxіselҾxwarJ2Зretsma `numbX)im@ac1odXޛ`wr,troexcess (1GCth_r҈ϕϕʓBs 8 ??;h׫Ϸogheight="0">
<@&0%ׁ1%"idthт'$imgecindex007*8Image"/??16߅/+b>Figure 5.ollectiveCKsInhepstfbpaper,Pwoor(pondingechanismsoealxthasehangesply.explaiisnceptuyirpSon 3,0owedyxtail`desWn 4.coveiftalreadye(dbroadcahpacketQ*siforϘ0s1un4 tour,g+(usmplic!Xdersahto hnthatX8nlsopwhen S.ӝ@ifiy,ɧA k(0M:ߛ߲߰Mulpliy/*Xb>$r8'َWn؆0tbth rW,utKvВӮCK @ip␹somyเboJBEDynamicorwarySeonٓPsi۩throughmpeti*amo h1=/h3WWר.1Benef0//OO/h3ǨgϹOcupowexcAmbo8jtatusitؑviarafroms.ٻae,)Figu5,upԪSza߭īN1dv2s].ybwi0n 1-hopmunHpeachK87B RRmSGAhSXWiVsȏJ ܢiradalscرcorX,?kn1 s;s7un@?&2dp''''WߛtakiffȢ`ch(viewpoin0ׁ,#9purQIirsAddiػB7Gexe،@߱߱߂oǏ6̴ٟӿbabilityP Figure 6.xamplefollectiveOWWWWW'ϊM1em~justifyYGmhace="serif> i>anreatlyduceYnda(transmission.orsakclarity, usonsiI*iifinetworkhownn .ԗlinkuHtienode StoaNy1 u2(25%10%,sp#ly;ySق܂.essumCPRPP3.2BenefXpDynamic1war9Seon8h3]WpdiscusXS 2.4,Xfixed-Xsche0hhPaccommodex>,eHofCX'0add0 H(mؿckppeHbeRWشZffnؾ@dn_4.4calcu(r thrIactors: (i)borh,tyx:ag`abȲCPRP' qnsm`ٍZunng!ti1mQwi )@@wsshortٸ-ofpimؑԼwoul(oalȥ"iŵ.®O?=OY yXФvoidsaeفH2777724cenY%1%'%imgindex0072 hIm"/7??'16/+b>Figu7.ŷ#|߈ϊ/div> Tollrahtheenefi8urxr,eivenxampl@oemonrocessf2dynamicorwarderelection.gain,ets@iaiifiedcenariosn Figure 7.ԅlinkutyromourceode (S)!pNa2s 25%ll*oقgitiesP10083d>42ophwaS.InbminimiztotalumbHransmissxs,ydon(apPachesuch[461159 >18,598082],te@+Pfixed-apgboriaccirncover }ze9w0capabiJmo/B.Ƃ8Rȋ؏jsa(dicdGreb dcastacketreasonthatH߈x()1L1phionlyong ().owe,uڞ1unreliabhbetweeRϘ,+edo@=t 4im(aagebe`e Кhrecedy7 an7فˣPr.ޤ0571jng`nork-ŝi><`G`//st,Fdop(opportuni耐(ft, QcompeY `steafA77r.as0PactptatuѳЮ(ses:׋׋׋׋׸>C 1pbfg ݜluckily) firampocPteR>1)bCPRPP) = markYd/GGFǷצGth`wHZ'i+tXֽ'yئp<#upd 'IbS:fi\׮p9$rږrߗ2opnϤBumb 2????????????o 2o>doYOoccuXWW.g!suI8cau0bH߼Kн_Q򹐹.X?n'oFigu8.ӹe;ipDiagram)CF___׊_ߺߺߺߺߺ߼ߺ>Byntrodug_Ymop3CFanda.ɚab8xamplevxܩмHe ()``71chrmȺbBrad2fixed-wapeP5imeswwwwvh2"ht="1em"idth="0aalign="left">
4Theollectiveloodingrotocol Figure 8,nodeunnaCF)onere,tnyime: (i)jtenance,recernd0der.ransisetweentriggeredyv.X%ACKop(ez'xhagebabiies.əۖhHunRȈXeb-ofrxs(missqeff nes noIǏǜЊi&'fi0EmePwi`compet“'endsutҋ5يbˊoous;ᗼah??;ҙced1repeauntile Xϕy[hC8tЛxplopҦ2el_gh3ϵ.1MgӮ|3W>WlxsPn8orknɝXbeynamicxxw8edHkeep)?ty!Yy{?allossdaprɸȮXvalQTincrer mf 𻸣jEϤq!dificIDҩuquenumb27l`on 𱟱disZy,Ilso:ɯ(culCondPR`P&y (CPRP)moհYZilzfs`war 'n)0tmn2-)orf‘?sro׆O 묀dow)wT@ФoduHqudXh 跻mg!rhea½trolKļXxbitmapqX (e.g.,0110])"m.u؈C excXg6r:fows:ϫϫϫϦ_u24^cڬ񭗭%/1%'%img!ex007JImH"/σ?׫g167/+b>FigI9Hxamp"c____////W//O//75//g/77Ǒ7____ϾϹ_{Hx ν)ier;k ukзHzHrBBνk/(i) = 0.orxampl@in Figure 9,itmapf1110];Cromod dicatatdonot's 4thransmission.henuj܈ԄtanEquat 1olcul`PRPyerforminge -ANDo #wiitswne([0WW>)/*T>dsP(k|ue 4.2RCrӆ@eGGh3O^pFDjufy__LZAenter1erԁroadcaؖHpacket.Μ8s񂏂compeaoelec|Porwarderoutosgen`lity,upxPXser̄maint woiPf:oooomullpb>ChrobabiقHTYtpaborixbe!cyhviewpoDHojXCPBy(kîЦ`eX 8y65mhdOOIҩHl1-hopGDjϥ7ϥ˵N([,hRQot@@mE~UnMrSet8U@H|_Y8_PInitihs؜щxqԫs=.ony' ,x=P/ǬSϦϗMga,̰xRurs0irstxir7nJbupd:עҿ?q(#),eany suH*alr0ydž_ (nyˆz(actuٿdihXic ACK)edalso%Jcolٺ?@rߠߠߠߛNBasoKonalipYWPP:i\Pk|,stoOtabqoo={> }ْ#:fowsG24center%1%h'#Ϯ9Ϯʼ??6ߤ_ىm (1&wvժ锓7RbeP8ward;WUm]ailo/*g72ߨQ);؉ߴ_.GζbeٿUeiby (i)eviouhransmiss0nerk (ihcurrOg7;.ׁ׻t }mvFormula 2tXzν(k|u)occumulateode u'sonfidencenreatingkas(vered.amely,7seceivfromlsoervecollectiveCKforZ.RIheorstasXhersinkrrepion,(diyalacketprobabilityfpwillequ т򀉁a(i.e.2PA<&#//(=GGok))hX,urlood@to s|inhm߄߄߃updىSPageviaƂ 2Xfont> WgCPba:chqrpre-specifithreshold 45;88804; 1,onsby}andremdۛuns؜U(ufnotmptoIjoincompetbenext Hwar0!itsb(-offimerKcJ9transmiss)effness,ichdetailآrS4.4.פ?xKstqiletHbroad2,1wn!Figu88'''''ϗ'''''''!iatPXpi,fahear#ͯMgaoneُn bXluxrunnrQrepaboykced؎u's3fmao闆'ǰsea8ncsenYЊ۞perd\lћsWWWWVh3 l0o"leftWW*TsizP+1"4.3SSS (Hh3GByOsgsј.ԲȚtMioemptyyinflooask;wisGQj؁g@bx-ofimqreturmtenanc.׿@valueiCiXX7transmiss"t Y.iffp2apchi&reliabilitiesorifferentpplications. 4.4Back-offimeresЅ @h3Յp?~څ|justifyLG@The%t"issedoonductynamicwardHselec.n0competon,dur* arefullyȎccording!abin@tors,nclu:(i)borhood,linkuty,ndrs'PRPsItu8velHifnodeasorencovd瑰th烙GAth8shoulde2nex>ythus5haverbefireGACF,(efine TransmissEhHveness (TE) a Iceetr tڔהodOOOO7OOiDB:E(u)issumb璡aexpH{ senqutsh??gralSvalue9TEb ucaahlculallowE`-24c8erOK%W1%G'%imgcixX008alImage"/?16Wϯϯϯϯϵ_ϵmean1 4sx. 9e.ummϳPprobabmpI%'?, JbySղkhмɥɤ– F_iFexamplinȥ(L(u,k = 100%)a!2Ӻ^Ȇg ׀ +D= 2, (,з7g係ano}g from`sGe9all 50%W 0.5U'(oxU_oSi!g upd;_i>CP4.5DetailProtocol __h3gվwCombiq2es0mphntHCFanIs8ifi[seudHwnF 1Ǽ7ǾoAiqrirn@1-hop(.aз*main0nst0cXpthreɷAzjigg=,nt*e'%(L4)rendingimerired (Line 12). Qs 4o 11andleheventfeceivaacket128؃?by&out; hpdatcoveragrobabilityaluPneighborynodes2J25sunrpsX@a,l69etermwherflooaskseennished. Inummary,CFtocoljthre8fficiYfeatures: (i)tanmplem9dth8sRpstmach3s,ichs`itaborsourcnstraxAns;(3deals˚spxal ersQptionCdynamicwardselec ;Suc8#mmunicHndancyough JveCKs,likcostly(t"romryerh2OUW"left??*5I} !E`h2DžמWepdpPȐTinyOS27]/MICAzlat`mnsC58259 >5.ԧowwosresowyax:}ulliStƫ(FLD)b>𓡯Xbroadcastkxst-ٔdexac!onceXHuRPRBmropag(RBP܀Pon5014 >34jx`ȋXSenSys'06.s벅,(ߵyHal؇____A3ZadnumbbtridhxXn.fexiyPottleneckkcurr1(N)yi(dow eam(D),Nperqs imaximuІ8nonoۦyѦse/?gggggggaFpccuq eۄ˚~gߺ_ggilؕ,Aquan`ipbePgeaa(rka=s)MessiOhead;omeasVtotؔdata% 8nsmitAdur"exПIod. docouhe^@s.ơ,/@OKs Henviron-depen8t anzyjqexme ts,JXt/* qindo8rh0z73>@k'@yJ17??^n.Y,oБ^peH5xmahena nowled`h8aߚxchanbitmapthowTYrȥ)calcuPePRP.owhoY֕敠ffic,8"c@amortiz9`ultiPok24 er麏%1%ާ('#imgyx0083Im0"/ǃ?Ϫ16/+b>Fig 10аA9S0HopɘE6ɪ_77/75Dissemin;Delatϗdɬ2u˨qeIs``initiпT́ea wpnooreodesesendheacketoringlelood. <(Loadalance:his ndicatedystandardeviationfbnumberqsransmitp؄J+metric8asuowvenlrebrcastctiviti8adisbu in;etwork /ul8h3eight="1em"idth="0aalign="left"hlockquote/mfontze="+1"acPserif>5.1Ex0imePSetupQwithtОxv@108F*(alys purposeXeachȑincludsuHunt,mpr(ouB'sID.pɉ`a؆Rmed(orQtꊗflash`y.ŏbslsooږntruwhi0idXifisequekÕprotocolma` sa䝛BdǞǙXUnl`alicithȮ9wiseus vxefaH u;usئpۦ24~c0erϧ%WW1%'%imghex008JpIm"/?16g_/+b>Figa11.ӺDKOwj׷׷׷׷׷׷׷׷׷2SleȯI˸gs????????????VTʶsarre8p8apɵ"yi0HZ[38],ksI0782 >16;rHurmto"2353 >23<ؿO,neIJ8qd鉇7.5m  29testbedO;19'dom rZ. Gpoȷtuo Ț tha#s9gٯ;Knghoughtcri@ ZjeWti(i.e.,sers)rohN9"veen%7%?????皇?WWAshow?;13364 0(a)upRnreliabwiX3floo(FLD)on79.9%.F, xeКchiPyRBPxbecaɂYbaxُgɜocondon׏ףinformR, y3cacctei0hei1-hnborskm]Yals!snumb,קjsinork.ߎߎߎbڈ`mpah2totH?vtt*i`ȁ Оunniؑ??: CFrotocols3aȭȚlu____0h 34.64, 15.9819.5,pectXlوd ۄu 43.7%wωωω, 8intainingheame 100%eliability.ueolowtyfLD, 20.1%qnodesoHt0ceivpacket,nd`usasmallest8talumbertransmissions. Figur2.ԏ PerformanceMulti-hopndoorxperim(8/NJόόόώώόώόόɋ ϑϐב׌ϑדדבדό3.utite:nridgeowwww?wGGGGGGGGGD7GGGOGOOOOOoG 14GGLinearetworkwwgoooo7o?d1emjustifyqƁGmace="sfailepos=0413364 n0(c)ompardHeminatxelays2thre0rotocols (lyata snitiatedyeraver"CFs 0.571s,RBP1.09ayJ69s.inѴ8th3argrnffectxness״b-of,'8i47.6% an'Ashown56471,tardxvAQa ylosbu@gtK8H˂dir(1.73U,975\)#reast9e*Runcond@onybroadcasfirst-Yed .pway,aӅiar߉ތCF.5.3oolssh3 'סTourrhvHig2 scal denH;0潠aegwhuc[MICAziˁpldAbottomfouyE7.5m  29t`bY9o36w domdeploy .ϫ82662(aáQreliabilitJCF,flooding ( )$99%, 93.25@i89ply.chi aڃzrepw950.h߳׈2(bңUq(쪢y439Ϯ穑s`k (cuS5.2Jbecausj"וҲrunn1moAjnborwhichoul$help/accurp(ichek@vBlsoRfe*doؒWT.ƽinchwPaluxotal.t28]SCP-1ge6555 >41bexampl,brief(wakГXoheck0annelctivityithoutctuallyecengata.fhehannelsotdle,nodetayswakeo$eOrwisemmediateXgoesacksleepxnx(way,PLrotocolsonsumeuchessnergyaepouldistenforullဘtioneriod. Figure 15Is!nalysofulti-hop8doExqmsH?׋ߌߌߌߎߎߌߎߌߌ9ߌߑߐߑ瓯瓷 16ߌfutϗgo1emjustifyGmace="sfHailepos=0418266 2(c)8mparХdisseminadelayIxthree.ԧHaverpd RBP,ndardlood, F1.73s,84180.898peYx.ªly@"largestransmХyeffndo/firstd48.5%|atÇdevQ߇߇ڈqP66,288669hshownn WT5647W19.haЬiher_WZCdspetwork (i.e.le ih)GG*decreasa`nmbecau),henunݷmodynamic2chooaoIpagЀckets????>h3w}"leftםׁ*siz+1"'"b>5.4uLinearΌܱ|h3'=7ߣϣϣϣϣϣϣϣȠoeXp0uch ntialppl@snitorremYinfrastructnvironbۧok64024 >30,56917_6752 >42 ]o,ICAzweeploy`aloa 326-Me-bridge71873FPxair|ison0mple p9"H:q48Zse௨bidipplinkuty@l@h +beعddp8bC50%maximumumb retrii insufficiy?sok1mporp$0`gitQ4hoirov;iabi1,)|wuco 30%NqhN1lX`enpci roadcjataǥǥǥǥǟϟϟϟϟϥǡϥw>A9074(a)یgb$ؕ;񺯺)99.9697.:x361ۺly.׷-/(Xdepr)ormZchieviamsڑKKransmitby 31.2% (W4(bReagealuI[ًa16.64,91.5880.26+26.5'gǴ/">DuoSottleneck:s (furscuss謨Sk 5.) RBP4,heataacketithequenceumber 7seceivedynly 12odesn:network,hichsultaeepropftotalsransmittHFigure 14(b).showncaverag(isseminationla8f 08,1`CF,ndt0ardlooding4.46s, 3.9382.85pq2.34Ȉxpectly.ԃ׃gCFA36%esXhaatE7߈156471devi׆׆׆׏1.9,(05160.pComparindoorxperimentdoutaasewneighborxjnounbala8dsssmosPlaiwhy׈׈ԅ larger. 5.5Systemns nalysis0Ph3兦pOꅌjustifyLWPIKpr@ou0YP)be@r formY .𦘥p܂ҏXpcapxe8@somxC@Iswwwww4wwwwwwwr 224515(a ¯oe862 >16-cCDFa'svJ0enunn ؑ Xmy-hD٤ǥh`wo)cXideVfS` bidiѷPkuti(weXPmhaHhold.hXqIȸnoZi0ྙ'ty)hchWSʉڵmaximumϭ֋MZ7('lM?<311j7߁nt)ndicatrinjc@btildbtoytoxitssycollKCK324cerWS%_1%O'%imgcex`009*Im"/?16_Dž/+b&7.symmetric̙@ EK7綟o׌?98woGG8BottleneckOTǕ2PsAccuracyx vios,ll(rhdh1rWڂ`_e wxsEprov} hihq at`߻eyackePHDupl‡Xransmiss!ppse0ronot8z rPdy!r R؄w)h¹st0ardlooddo,̵'P0dialp"iows74ringodes,hichesultsnigherumb8ofuplicatedransmissions. Figure 15(b)ndgf862 >16-showheDFurve选__ackereceivforsam(equencSdatayll iunniCF,tarlood,*RBP,qpectly.ycɅloggHIesocludhnρ`l(olut(,+MG@instead:o%coveragerobabilitystimastopsohii neborQĊ⊳.romjfbZcseAat(asxsm0//nPpXbotoutdoainZexperimentai>T:0pyloseՂPڈp'faclyetehrswuo ueBachie>reli pitfew` 05.5.3Effici yDHPathsh4UpZju@fyLDžT,ophuinttpϙ訿c,߮H@𭈮ordxre.nZwi\largxw effnesA4`bxofr.his-mecismgniant`Xucwamplmaximum 4R6913ρǥoSeimi২lengbu1_??еðz趈͕i41Y48٭whлxFLD|terminrup-rArn3_XݨN?ՕLdedela(ϧϧϧϧϧϧϧϧϧϧϧϧϧϧϧ4AsymmetricbBottXeckink߭ߧ7筧gc870g17'ۆu`ti(betweenN1"qʿf(roresqX2donoatS;(gg;uni+alWPdtbwtψ.ך`s8(21/99){72yrom糉621%,`߁߁pߍ 99%`ȅX8)*ЁFaҴff1ru,_8conthres (}2 LX )Phxaჱ0ld (60%)jalso$som,u0~ЕھPrɱŽgȦ&7nonJ????'ǣW">AhenHnxhannWW_\91 18>12 '' nvironpeff ,wGG)O23XbackwϞ87More٩lthoughphysicE6?clop theistanceetween N12nd5, linkualityrom2o3sowerannwhich!55%. Figure 19.mpactfodeensx7o?????51emfjustifyAGmPace="serif">SiAbiditionalitiesNnQwrs34ቀbebthresholdsRBPH850%Z30%,spvely,othρxcluׄ/.:'sboPable.hintroductwoffs: (i)/mayte(kehw,eading(iatleneckKbecausex+onlytrup餉maximumumb!ansmissfto`QheaXownstrea0ACK.ƉonXmeanhattific@pologtill4.1%robabi"7@af4)y.h Ydata-wiseque,7oult@dy5;u`s@p8xpagaycporkϭϭϭϭϮwǡǡǡǡǡǡǡ0cuss8S 3.1CFtocolXovercomcdifulrou`bouXysymm!c҈binformÒй߹غcond*$psario,p r,_2epyAG? baA8'x7@largׅٝnesIX`e׬ts @liρM seals0'''ƲI7W75Hoon?h2y"leftǹǁ*siz+1"6SlsEvaluʝooh2?ſGGGGGGGG@oruYstRerἘoў0sche exbttxs,Tw:viextenss?WePmpIfollowte-of--aroluBOraclepach:ששששulli!ReliabhBXdcastЭ (@b>۲?;650>34]F.Ӌl.nSys'06Dou-C(DCB1159 >18WeiouJieuINFOCOM'04,0yRint s 2-hopbnhe0Y㪡treedily(lH@wasrom@s 1_Yߏcripia: (i)2re-߂cɷPl;x(i>on-vo:ate!/clud^elfpxad*ǗǷ,cؼiticb-e px˙
6.1Simulationetup Fig19(a) `reliabilqm@toxcreÞ&.hPZ/iehCFmon 99%tlt6/*DCB0.92@62!hbecazX ȟwar2fcnon-ɵtsmissberax@ziȰbee?sw,BPh߆CF+ؘ (ɇɾs@$wElink ]marga0eh(60%ccoە 65014 >34])j8parsov(aHyon_koh`a]hush ceiv=`iڴnI.Ȏh,iQ`'epP荧?8A9ОK1~physicXyn`ٝc@vty624cerWS%_1%O'%imgiindex`0093aImage"/?16_υ/+b20Lossy̛xsӿg'7777dzdzdz9(bdzĢ__btotaû#t earGbutht)and, ٣1need retransmitheackeYat receivesorfirsPime.CBonotrovidenpallgorithmuch!numberfwarderssminimum8dcon-48dPareoveredxactlyyn@twos.n),henerkensityncreases,ׄׄsligh1oiresultneyYtot(o݋{ssionCFey2@edoSone@borنC???>pted.̓ngelsoelppicȄ'agobabilGO deOgape(CFOraclRFiguH19(b). 7dong??hhe~wIalway`[ԕ- Talanced,2q1alowȐAOMrequi`aq lpthce/somM ?HfiveCKsvisufficie0XcxyiyOLZyldy>16>c er_[%gh3ߵ|0"leftgg*dsiz`+1"b>6.3Imfossyinkbߺh3պXt9ex8im@ealyz0ffvaryl0utiage绉60%q100%/4191520(aQgg`blW׼totalliabi¯WgCF,a,Jy25323, 538127413Xply币mevalueI0.9980.7830.89 C.9so0کZoBlet2achi3rth8"aximumG4dlhAodHGGG羮/*8'_____'''%cǿ snd-to-8xlay???lxwwu theetter Ylinkuality,fewbackoffsndetrieseededyllprotocols. Figure 20(d)howsathen74ncreasesstardeviationPorBP2DCB.ƀ,s 100%,veryod ipᄸojansmitHeYreceiv(щzirsPimeichpsults@valuef 0l@CFٍ.h(becauseyddiss1 omeenlized.׍ CFԅSrelI withighonnectiv9XyDŽ. 6.4ImPtR@abiThholdh3EpJjufyL(s αtr:irْrAechnic8Lӛ09t͙ea@heckarn)borsaAsideAcoqIsoneȚaIiue9taumbX`courhmul䡘50.vafrom 0.050.95kstep86861(acurvrЦabdiagon((indtingHssfٍ`qumxllAcloQWGEʄ'&Ah;ֱwLjLjDZwPargeXdiffPncBwe%a(pPut 30.1%×=1HaagɃ12.99쟨oPper`maunXdynamicsץץץןצ~24fer%1%'%imgex009JImP"/׃?ߤ16/+b_VIo???׊?߫߫߫߫߱߫߫߱1(b俬'!WbwrhkeXlsoǾoϰ5[gapֿhO(l Forxampl__מ߬A/gg"7280ϻwwwwwwwww///(hihsHqX`+goodoix܍`flб`0chiev7StaqArt+h2QXtaPeqtocolgnsxclassifi owotegories:minixcּȽ8b'wwwwwwwpI ,fixnodtconnecdomwar). sh7acallH-į *tedominatingetsalculatbysglobalronformon.taseenrov[20]hat(ere2f Ximumonnec(MCDS)1NP-complete,oostpaches59808 >12,  8 attemp o@ndgoo8 xiӀ!.ouble-CrBHdca(DCB)idhigheliabilityhapacklossqlow.ÈPawithF, (troducpmore headma 2-hopebώʃHWaffː؎linkuaRbetw)ɑwarders. Inbcn,aodeceivx,`ssGtcHphi>Ԗvalufdxr0evaXnae`.ii u`8ߛ26014,edee邷z yrebnd.וrunn1ab0atocolsxork#diHre8densitiAQхP8`lot`und)transmisss.͗icja8efficidance-basq)6354smiue`er۩ȋciXP'RIcumbІG'ߚ">Althouhߚ؈CroutCKs\s౸QresulKI贈velyg`Xunwi)environm g@ipmԴ״003GGGy1mXiYrosɏsagxngeQnst rhneeՂstadata.ƻ /reHgramgЇtPns(\`erPpacallI\@requ drick9846s80-layx^boƅmaup9RBPW^5013)xdʣꉗs@uxour`cyyXnDB7g220353KATA2YkrЪNdqSHowl؃somrYa91tH7ba 100%zZcnؗ19L(ixaccuXnnerDespi(th)1erature;exidoHtopPr!orXim`nt.մ,becokeybeenprevioupfllп 2w1trib: (i)fPK44K,dynam m!.tsȽbors'@0stqДGGy<#׿8*pamouY:;08ery`1La;Qash)bap'alؒ2Hiɇ΅ws zfeatureseadoeliablendfficientessageissemination.ƀPlly,eotehat(eonceptf collectiveCKssndepe(Hspecirotoesigns.tuldesedsdd-on3orouting19, 58686 >75499 >367137 >44] floodOO459125 >B]PWeaHth8fuwork. 8CPlusbh2'u6p߅zjustify77L2In paper8eFAviden victhow0mplexitydem0traU`88thghwoainchanisms:GGAIdynamforwardse)BOsakdvantlinkrKa@gborQrecer`Tɜ9firstrans090dit @6Т`a0oneuniqui᡹yduc`andancy0broadcaHng,shownourvalufumyq+ 8>Hsealestbedᖰanghopp20ICAzPulti-OLOIaeartdoorߒ488Ya 326-meter-bridgxalserextensYsixӕvarious& figuxve(itzA`cal s0loh,jad`ȳ9hil`unVw(lnvironu rsenco9appliio8h dstaryw=.ow,nXp`systemxnvige"آXrunn etyp@ƀ۰̰9Acknowlerϵϵϰϰϰϰϰϵϰϵ1upporhpartySFH0CNS-0917097,k894626609WTdzi$romɤxrigitpMicrosoftҏxarchbshep(dr.hpev赙kview irhY ׼בOOOOOO_wOOJ10Refere('g'o'''c-22[1]M.fanasyev,.ǀnhsenA.no.fficiPEadropp:̺-@Packeach.qInXDI '080iǗdž2Bh,.amiesodH.alakrishnaMi¢9ȺWS@NΆ8Sys047OOOעό3S`isAR`orxR:ϝ*unicͻ"HhRؽ6IGCOMM057OOOרϒ4БReiahajaWeJ.ahorpeasa-basMxlJDXyꡊ$6ϯ窏ogi5hP.cBeh`, PW`h,œ0rپSCxeHTnesCanguage:Pl#ApXaXEmbeddPL237OOO׶Ϡ6O`nawFonsecaMos(шoc Treerotocol9'???Ǽ7YPu,Ԓh@ɀ`HpESC:nergync(nȰxcationnustainableensoretworks.n ICNP '09. [8]R.ummadi,.etherall,€retein,nd.8shan.nderndingMitigaty mpactff`terference 802.11olSIGCOMM79Guo,ه*JiangT.e.pportunisticloo*Low-Duty-CycWireless님thiLinMobiCom10J.onsie,.,.ollios{(Wy@.pproximateggreY0Techniques4Database?CDE84????????1Padhyp0Agarwa(V.΀ma8,.iA.aPɖ`Zill.Ŏ Ќᜩt(culti-hop7MC5ߜߜߜߜߜߜߜߎ*2+W Wo`PDai@xte9pointelaysoexmؐ)nectHDoSetsMANETWEEEranscsIcompu, 55(3): 334347, 2006Ф_3(AlvisXDoume jerraouxxdehof H#van`nؗTredHowobreossipB8dhmmrotocols?OPSȨymsview 41,5GGGGGG4Lɥ xAbdelza`H(nkovicnvirosuite:n倂npt(ymm8ive gramgHe9sn״TECS543576______5`C8enzQPPɶ0Watar9lùyhnchizл?enOOOOOOOO6MArL)hTerziԭZhaohC ȿ -FiityÎ(e!l_______g(7`KnꌀLXPDiscoverypseDIPSN8b8u-C Broadca(DCBAimp Algorm.NFOCOMGϾϾϾϾϾϾϾ9ȒCaesaZstr E8alO'SheaKYowY8VirtuRYRo:倍spdpH7P!ɿgggggggg[20#ma`hBreH.@HuXIII,.Sv 2.Ropk(tz@+HeuricszUnit kraphvD59-68, 199!E1XM) alak0hna@QhKoksalmvLXsilience{Multi-Radip0W lPtMobi᧗///////[22cZurtazPHHeman$HaStudyɏp8orofP9rnsmo@ǼvNodeechepor(SI-TR--62USC/InmCScsititute'''''''''23 N.ذngw, (@ChiapudxD.an0P,)G!d8EiAW埌StructurM8tng߸ܦϾϾϾϾϾϾϟ4Ȟ@N0YԝY1HTЭWS(mroHZabiAdoc95-Cullerate)Tinytualachineorens8Networks.n ASPLOS, 2002.

[26]P.evis,.atel,.uller,nd.henker.rickle:elf-regulatinglgorithmcodeaintenanceRpropagxonnrelessXnNSDI '04i7 Madden,ʈ@olastre,҇zewczyk,.hitehousAxoozGayHilM@elsh,.rewUΊHinyOS@nperSysteWtheookmbientligeh528 Versleow(ediacc77/+'9Fonseca2RatnasamZhaC.Őxט4I0toicaeacon-VectRou:calabPo-o-R[30hKimPakzadxDemm)GenveGTuronxealthoniP)ofivil(fr!ucturess!i>IPSN71xSHiv `Dutt؟hTavakoli.EmpiЮStudy9]INGecheport-08-03sOct.832'%pJ@ChohAz)j/Brishnam8aripk-Fa:erzProtocoler`mR[r-link8cepCor EInډsl9-Ǹ[337azXijev;Agarwa_Aβ-flMeasu⮞LBursǧowwwwwww[34pF)an3Heide9hroffZurtBP:8bustxoadco׵W'#6GGGGGGGG5@YuOHhwitzDu,̝ngJohADB Effic*Multihop?Bd (Asyncpnousy-CycHǽǶ96`Zhu]Yuypic@cxoS&Adocarn8w7,ZhoYH iڎ!akage-AwaEnergyӍ iz׺׺׺Mobi׺[38VHhv KrausCeh4JamHatMatthewtelligLntrpk''?'0577777777293WhiteheCulleri[ٹalysis-R-bLoȎ]Approxim"IPSN40KoN.aidyFloodgGehsʒle'ONET㿸2: 471480_e1W@ailnUltra-Low eACthchedulpC(neoHyW42}WVbrackUniab@Nodequenc@4NFOCOMN3G.hou,.e,nd..tankovic.mpactfadiorregularitynirelessensoretworksn MobiSys '04. [44]ZhuM.u xcureualRfreoutingrotocol慸>Adoc?{h1f5%1em" Pgn="centerGJfontize="+1"acPserif>SupporDemH pplicationsXthrequency-agilsY?;h1GAW9Leiang,׀PHouDepartm9CompuciUniversAbstr觹 PthednewCCoiesspumxHnextenerwdes,eXaounItoedesacsDs10I4,atRsitXᯇschs-defedia eamAinomeht-Gnairowlhbffdelaмdisrup ,!s/ill-suited5dxonal,-basCSMA׼g=7?gMIiaperexplo`ann( roazthathl|fWRoZ @mferi-xe nsmissacro hogq.scribe `JeQ,8MAC؎8he adccupynuwhout rcoorx{pd(`)rolshY imH`frag ( ilyuusabМΖ9system. drp u wompleZrHechnis:yonlDŽÞڢHio!lHmiggЙٻniguou‚iXwPng(ftzeulti0hOur#typPn 8-nodeNUtestb $Ë??dyviXh adaH0A'h)wwgggg?g5h2ooleftWWWt8zP+1"1I1Ȗbggh2ooo️ϸ>TfutuQsr!-϶϶̣ cur tologIlim(oȹfixngfHcyi,s68XQ3y0qupnearl. F9Commy<(FCC)ۦeHvac&errs9]uȿ@ocɟ00Y:ϥ?ng servicesuchspecEX (߀om)owll0sm@ rovidersourchase/rent Uirlyromegionalwn. Unlike8censedandsZyurwPlesse,hesee}rangharearge Xcoted.eanaadvanta8ofqpportunityredescsenismsurroa@afappats.orxample,ǁf/,9fb(fXtraffic,ge yhontinSMA tocol8xiraripTnetworkarti2infixnelletsa`nsmisschoo`aU„ӄztimIthpehile0iB qsuiehfBfq興ctiv /pa showhacingireal-reremsmpddmodiin 9Ҝoverhea [0pos=0571637 >25, 23167]I`paper,(xsɚ}dynamicߓgaXmop@trilasseǝ_Ƃh𠈆ԐGphx-defiqmuldi *{Hhnvichome؆dembsSHyn!ɚZ,utBbpc8. $-*髛׆ԘĬ؃a g۵mmizisrupoġ)a( ex)ience68.0෩OK%WWWWWWWWWQmb1Gtexi0-byunsabБ?:irsti>-packeh>du0槡SwhwoulTohNdel@xɶйpеr,fز׭ٷoisolcie1obneI׹͆2avoids)P lҸػϷtmmunDay695018Ӫid,x (ɽWBlsoat=!-1b%YyvѦfromre@javails,z[ٯqin(iйhusage6604 >}q,0wardwa0Txm4y-agqYo۫)exthful.׉rz{ 8ex(nbe,hdci1o ynС*notXmatc?r됲lpthogQ@ad;,lCgrab??Qiobe@Hbyǥ /////247771%>WSimgcindex0095y`Im"//o7716???????>A??Figu`1:ЯsFDMA:ianeous  HA`xXwwwplHgdaSmG[77777???????=justify">Motivatedyhesebions,eropoaewistribuaccessechniqueatetslows spectrumn)repncyomaanhdapt!irusageasorafficems (shownFigure 1).eeferopis74as per-s0DMA,heXeach Ղjosingle inuou#,builxIframeworkcadepe(ntlypl/,72.irst,Qde8g edgesˏXpowmapHdevic urЄquick`i0!eώialrea.eXdς͆vvailabranpr, cla0lgorithmu(8besi[ÁfےGB569851 >19]!nallyϘʘdord0 cedsynchronizЎrreceivpa$/,.
վ*e8gni a؂h@,YvIuna>h Rimȸggb)irq*ex0IaȤМoH( prleaɇ ȑgrRn `msج`palewr_W_@jxxmplePmenisddilѼm: onl_de:?layerVn?quencyGhy .׌QGGn,a!1mun8Xg.voluIi)FW mțlAvzri,rexoppizAןilits(Xe`ccQ0odѠ(pâқXẴYgJ2rarjstaneQAn9borGImph(nPru ,0pt@nii;t1re_w.@8on-A0i`tzultiws! ̿up١zh-bෂgcX(derYll{IapiesuayriXOFDMAhidiaomiIlikeWIFT24]+rahCSMAhQmo)-ag:Y>p beCsaN/guarpAtweȲo`bor!el`proin@ence,imilarouardandsetweeniFihannels.iheyreotsableorommunication,representpectrumverheadxat reasesslowsakeefoxfragm ed7rangeOnlineedonr xd,ffPivelyup9le7. TJelloϋlayb>‹dptwoQpleryechniques,eesX @=,ACڂort-zal-timeppldo@requiHrzmxollers dedِradio0" ffic,ingtX0-cosXXiPdeployolu sid`2occupyVenci`bބmwhiminzϕσWowPBmaixdeviccAodX nsmissiЈQnonIiguouЅchWprototypSa 8-nodeSRPNU stbePvalu9benefitjoϠde߆9 H//*,Ȣ@idualtoge.͢uHhpedudisrupJyω`buchat8g1AOurork)ree8*ibZFirst2exH o OwHl(wiptoHaYCpomanismC-agў #csynchronx@gee@&Ѱϰϰآ'%}max XFin!+WWT᫻`/y Xpao@׷na6wdeta8dhqanp-wp imulZ0­(0HiQf-`BQqAnv2}#cb}hardwatطѾgggggggggg`h2*~leftgggtz`+1"2Aþ Per-sȰFDMAi.e._s,diat8mqhave yϪξade1dit`WWWWWWWWWWWWPG1it0glpndyy,a`doot HmlnSMAǾ18lؾrx-packٱReitreshɍځea(unpictEG[25Ѐ23167], ¯lyinisiٻ n-levȖhr.u0ServiHexQIEEE 802.11eprioritY,utrw twe( 4RamflȚje.gkЙnqb0ho0An(n8hэ`peTiM4x(TDM) ob(llJ(nsmi sdulHowthȕ

Assumptions
.urocussnupportingemandQwirelessediapplica2.eႱehat(esperainႰdedpectrum8,en;cinuotrafficthime-varyloaavetroqu tyf viceequmhInnvihherey튐-exiHlegacyystemssbest-eff0,esȈ;alχfcana 9@intowoangesxrhol n(э`#802.11SMA+؂ьZ-eamrunnao8proposȀHtocols.30],S77704>214AirBlue}68849 >16zSORAǃ26628ĝmoexabZnexewear!ҋĚanowsr X-sXIFDMA, &iLMultiplpActh`(roach,aallel¨@ccup0rthogonHf#,`comteRoibJ-flerf@hastHzend-deɬnvolvHcho ey ҠIsetpckPnsmic.hownWR474803 >Figu8R, 9pdapi(usavhAZs qd끊mǀoak"ګ0&Fwork6015 xqv(Ӯa 75%mvB#b'O1׽׽׽ցA׽׽1if@romʹceH~7vPд4G6604 >~bchannelCiK40, 2 105MHzpd*Qcyc89r0ѕ[sPfixڄ:cretiliz"o 300nZar➙psonȣgba{irfigult ens9hIGli0*񇖰t.uer,吙k[fbbI7T9ormqT@߫!anfox_507KǴON13084﹯级>].Ӽ@ǚdirp wsel𶑮`JqfHalspjpseudo-Hdspr0oqPlC&섳?0AChy>H8a@xߝsystemy-õHployneessuppofeal-;thoulyٴr znro8(cosdedط2XZ%uhamdrseke0>irst=disruongonxbhb@9c`Yquickfye.e@dxparȂh1Qbwh! zfragٯPydoAߧLjكD9help"8mradio.imilarlyhenransmissionaireedsohangerequencysaaccommodateariatsnyfficemand (thoseannote dledyACadapt),heylsoB9makheroces؅parent9ors. 3JellorameworkЇh2'υ??"justifyWWWtTddrJhehallePs,2p,htw overlayystematezesistribut pFDMA.diosense,d8 yoccupBblixsupporime-yings2 voidhfHwithach.ŀa;devicng舨f-duplex-agiȆorrelunicRdo@y ral@ol ded624W3癷.1ITUSpectrum37Ow>WcIs,_XsГ4Xflict6ngosievhisA8Xmwumo ckyuƙlްX.nli̙domaapxy[4]uPpW|me1isbenefi:fromtsThardw'soZityNWiFistip nelH_1l pa Xemasava Cplat s_]71308 >2b, W3161 >30ZXal,\uc8aowss (PSD)p?>8175 >13B;measu؈ergyh@nsmhs罏ZǵǻFǺǵ;Jvoh$detȴɴ87oh72660Fai00hold ΓAbusYsnbied.Ԡ#cy,蒠` phb@"PUcho9ofXfindBXiopyun8AإReork H`ross-vPdRϘ0ultpokansmi{eobvir(a777:E PdisrupexɄgnxcmmo[iȕg҄paramrpThuhٴRsoluAHH0@ѵ0̆^iucaXrioanpxuzXmediauyxargetsggggfgggGggSvxEdxDpWxploerus 񽤌aݥohoidȎferА#OFDMaspTtQٶbliȢc<cߣؒxA1,ʛh clear߂oundar,gardl肒ls (X/*492469 >Fig 2Y).creli`yQ4Ҹidth="1em">Ourdgeetectionechanismorkssollows.irst,are-processingtep,emoothheSDapyveragIithultipleonsecutivebvaIndpplytwoParseowthresholdsoiltoubviourequencyangeiPyigharereatesusXB@onoccupied.hisaimmostoisinOIefooxc@ @hnieenufficieoxpm+uCop8tidlJlgorxxlike5]. Figu82:am9mifa-ord` ive.ehdpifi( s.habsolusxal rengarр cantlcroshț,Bri/fall8easiYo1GwwSe`d2earch-bas`GB 8372 >14mAi:J//8fap.et P(HkI)x(s nergylaprum@㩂y2p8l ′(k)YTche chooao/ ΓinFra\RχDŽoogA[K9leftS/جP lжex)reeg77CompRǥor-oX8lpexZicGhown492469 θ1H_____ZovOOOOK>Ծ or`wOFDMsyste$% pt!us@8curateXon8moforУ@ifnsuc8hiremiphon@mZnotisplasimiȰȥp`incorpomechanisfeaAmprp2X?=5524 >2,?-7573(1*nuarg sظofocunHhomogosettbradio`kA"a@0horta XLjlF8_g0ACbSyr/Rece8rzResultsEa(QrUpainchroniz€`1ҡtuxva@bxran@͖r KpauptHsmissoB`܆ꝩنax`os"@nYAm8U$oc0 piȳêmaximtolerBnoiq)'evelinew߶Recom0,8iggybainviata trolpckeSooooo24ߗ߸7߸;h3VA??ߡ="+1",3.2ChooFB׽ Afterdeningutuallyvailablerequencyanges,ender/receivpaireedsohoose8߄occupy.uchecisionssrhen sstart.tanxsoappdurbtraffic8notendledyACadaptat0.hevicedemin(tamouofase0md>dems Hnsmiۄis׋׋Ӆ y2exp`/shr@age,roveaiffeGuloalrobtai`esirspectrum(imaximizsystem-HAi.җ~GwselPproHmanalogouBonlaskchedug[<0@pos=0569851 >19].uґunpictdynamicfdp9lolurrondlas8be tudipextens@HjXYCPU,emorstor0oc“Ò(sttnow(ppheHcs-algorithggg],2 hperform XyelncI((icuHsrʁ-b t1gyatsslY__cceptGHFst,woruZX爐0LfiOOO+znoughW)n`ڟ`/(8ssfX]'sl3w5ލكвPdqoxhm0A8/+outPrswWPropag-aw!b>!somH,hdiЂdik;iXantcrossi.ey.Rnelxd CiˮphPirength,f,Hagoʜo诀-qitԬXvbetؙliabi:b@5524 >4Ь710123t;ytotyp࿱n flJϼؤehth rsImeasuh|iPorocx6246cPerWS%_h2vleft__ߪizX+1",4Sup0SuFH2!Figp 3(a)).hвpaeamyѦvt(ouslyצuhQgdd8@lthr6Ȇtiunoccupie0veunXJT؍WOtnewst.mۿPmppea(diskmemor`@c{ߧ9851 >19s3examinsȪimpaȈm!ywinhbutmp؝i0techniqaxz%*llqcripPqddwsBdeladetȴ!JS$5GOu%oimgApexP0097" alt="Image"/>

Figure 4:hempactfpectrumragmationth 4treamingediaesss,sVBRideorps0omASUatabase3].eoȅ8icelloystem (WP)onleMthatliatalls.4.1IvSuFwonHXh3-???????8TonderstandJsevty(dǔǔǔ,eerformetadmulӔ˔!nlinU"aumberq(mcH.263 e(sarioq0tip@yzinlo@proxtymeasњby applicKdisruprX,fHdsbti^annoXbXnnoughsupportX%its@esxffXdemOϪGvjwwwFww_wo sibfrequencpcxss: (1)??8rrang'OH(ëͧletely;"(2PwheclaimqireedI}hnIy art,do achyniunlycsdzǍ׶GGG׶GG'!499896 Ylo1WWT vabiX() i = 90%.ϋ -axihowXYtotal8Rtload ل8)pHa@RCl8ly,onfully'ipantbet(nO忘@r"avu. guate98a7nibove 3%ۿ୩ $]067z?ܱh ǝϥ#up83?\74006 id="FN01>*4.2OnDQ __h3g%wwwwwwpT!ulmotivprJede9qɲXOnѼPir@imdix((ʩظWLAaiHsw` iod9eglobعx ɜ&paؿxeirransmissions,eargehefrequencysasoatnoccupiedlocksreergintoapontiguous .hihowever,sfeasibleurropmextecause(ustinimizeisruptA ongoing fficlowsePal`noen lrolleoerformlobdefragmXa .
Instead,Q(poanline,ytributap0ach_Z:OWiodicallysidmovnternvpectrum#hhe best-fitgorithm"xoP?availability.Ņsen/recea?8ses 0,ؔxf 8,xordi0swita|bet(υυorxampF3(b)(Xplis0aahSq2aer_[%ggg0gggfAggCost`of'#lud(1)ZmQg(hX10bAjǠgдǴǴǞ(2)qflicHnwimultane`1mak/adQ'''''ϰ''''''' Foc[XL__,e 4qmechanism"ڐ:////-ulPl`i>MgS/CnϑI:ԄWesjymonitGyUy0portuXi𿸿|XȔ sҹXoPfiփ(msel89delaGG^reX/+oX( dsh@scheduϗWAth8)urrlikeevlsynchr@kil-ks ڻSYNC p$summmhc*AvoigĥobCuMit`|(u`?0do%refд@a1/(Ϥʈ/?24GGG h3:_leftGGG8="+1"4.3Non-XtiguAFAcxb׺h3߅%ﻗ''''''' OXsxolu#enaradiozb1:fЗiaXngptsmi.how Fpre 3(c), SadispOFDMA"prototypeuresignSRPNUadios. Cost`b>oinimizenterference,requXyuardxs탈eltinkoundari[17].ǂreotsableorransmissxs,+0(ypectrumverhead.ƅwwanPactqnon-iguousWcch:q!irсLclud 802.11nnels (whiche 16%Qbsds).nRoxr `d,amڌgreasxwhenJstP9هOO24&cxerGC%Oh31gfleftOOOt@="+1"4.4T0CJanifiApachfragQ?OOOOOMJOOOFOOFirst,ass`0oonh(ideavail .hخpYechni YrX l*, 0`-receiair"cJipntlycurbongoɦwp. re0ami levelYOOMsiH72D@i`samffxhnIa,zϊaow?mѩpmain/////ג/////(NextaerkHyW, 0ݓ //(owsvi(*ߜF2if;wQز0,YmxcAmultipstwe|ǓࣙoȆonhnPllnXdegrad(timSlѳ/ ,$ם77777ggggClearneЇɢbyselfQulrhengTogeÐmmHяp.ϔǮϏXZɞۘGAakYp2EFcXurs phتheaWؠϿ''ϼ24vterw%h2_Qlefttz+1"5IJepϺh2ׄ经WoWea0؅+"SRPNUadioDesp0)Ϣٿlarpqdelays12],ˡ胨he1ƺonfrcr`tocolXyereطƶdof-ceptvalu؎*bmodh1ftwݽwse`ng,istri/ϬѿiP/eXrordin12684 >Fe 5e@运-Z uct1'ASphysicalayer,achelloeviceperatesnoncontiguousrequencyangusingistributedFDMA.theACEcsensepectrumode@fyableg,nddapir?agehenzapplicatidemchSor;anportunitydefragmears.ewscȈurmple9itail.
Fre 5:4systemrchith3'ɇ/^lefttiz+1"ga5.1PhysHl̝)В//h37Gooooooohplo'sey r2sݟ dcHs,oth,q-,Qtodaycommoff--shelfardwaHTfB,ipartip/pxin`ymallubcarrieIzse(elPrzȖuWiMAX P 20MHzOK#2048rf 10Kx!.ůQder@nsmitAubsepf+?(ip^(?jf̤eivlo2re؄"?!cSimultaneqssʆoccHpdifferwthouterအ#8eroooooʧFIUNY7etworkhowe,Q18xxessOK1nlobXsynchroniz rH(gontso1olasoɇOOI(0gg;infeasible,fYo s(dZcapornxhibf14n5presP[ifPaڷ(Bdq inyXpropag4mpairHlfowqHasP:﹧W瘗">(1)UnaQdeckXp`m`Ȑث:caAтqmabeginna\)AԄsVa-do Hdrertyo¾pldQheadI[29].…$iP׵oPr?+holdjנȆ0XvcfuE0/////׫///////2ߓcodpatEfx2`ϋps lld zדտho?ѥ(/dyeaknergodjcX"-`dItroyݼװoi9.oxrh4m`QmumopvuleG@ihewerror9s24ƹerA%1%'#imgYix010*Image"/σ?׫16em"lign="justify">Figure 6:nxamplefello'slexibdistributedpectrumccess,遹menonSRPNUadios.hreeransmissionsnha jinherequencyomain.mongm,ink 3peratestwooncXoussooringon. RRreamDetb>ԍ{layPrrHqeyquZx|d}zapply0dap mofrom_subcarrip0upportI-Wo֑uhaulti-by `k.ǖSknowledgكQbytCt,"ՆrstHlow-pa0el0nhsid񁠙hhhaex71,ʧn-hpDorosge DawsՁa--flyϨOߦߵWWߵWWPYglobsynchroniz,0viphs0xiyfset13]Qfin8aQykbPe' ir esJodcouldeaxrroЫۛ\(H(actvder/VpaX,;ynamicd)irWꛀ!sYǤ>itixtarʚٰ)egradushA·fer.ɱkecomtoo hCfai;ۦpya qow(xG c8uXmfeachldd,iim"'aârr2ram𪰶ǶǶǶǶǶǶǶǸǸǶǶǶǶǶǶǶǶgҫaPackR0оWhڰѯ`!if8ntPrs@"los18illccuru o-ofemissimo0l91797LworkCshYthhplac'guar"Hboundacmoeff ioluzډɽhȡ6 dimeasQxprve-PSDapavoidisHreq(%ġhni,mb҆afضorܤar@@בagj//,GNUadiomplemж̥h'qstribuOFDMA `2.38GHziaprumR1500kHz.256G(o's),Ӷ0s)1.953:зٲPXPsGbm287whiQbeon-ciguousQedo6 hamgPndowhoa70750 >22mpens鮇G?])rextX綠y 5O(ѽ itsentralrequencyndidthn-the-fly.eouinurxperimshatdding`eeceiverilt8help0oduce"amptfuard⃸s.ρall,lac2ubcarriers @eachink℁arys(fficihAprotecllysׅ. Figure 6llrate nampleSDap1aystem؍thre.n ,Ȏ1r2ccupxous h3tiliz twoimultanely1buildh’s8nsmission.msexetlioinimPross-zin`f(nceώώώώϏwώώώώώώώși9)sprumensidiXtoqOFDMA.ŗ deviP formeastƛXԊq (FFT)`llosals,ag*ss50 mbols74361 id="FN(2sup>edgeB0"left*s="+1"ߢb>5.2Accessayer`h3DŽר7קקׅOקקAal,Jo-w𙘖?setp rommuni(8lD䀤,xap9usenќmchanorhopporttyf0ф3appearѬouPnyd1Xradioʫro󺈝 ʞow@1: (1)/paireeynchronH𿗇reliabons; (2)1avoiddd halm co芫oЯ(shapavail۴9ؿm3)gbulYW;fٶ(4)s ` =quickЮX:fromilynemJex7OSֵS3R4083bWQFdshakzϾYaatThi|haXowheadonothvol؝"mox(B\GNU ѵ@lar@es۹67882 >12],curt8x6nclud-pack0nowle_Є halwii اˡ߶߶߶߶߷RǯǵFǴTBx$'sprum,'e2؈ .fo⩉`(REQ9>in:Af`Ya #TɦTpliwXבZ (ACK)ٷJIlstar!cops(Ф뻩new.ph綠8xfigDzyCKcouldaisc8a"etweHǡƐgius,Z ,kXod< >TBOFFChoosingrequencylocks.achelloairirstriesoxndontiguous>b9the best-fitlgorithm.fou`isvailable,selectsultiplewsoXwnon trategy: largׂul"remainydPHles`han/W#;qnȈceal;.hpprom(miz)numberf5Yiredxrs ionfX>؏!quotehp> AvoidqConfli`;Wopportunitydefragmprum!ears,/devicsXuld@asiIanelyAleaadIZtov9 werPromlabothnder'sIfunctceiva`ggxng.Ɲ,pdet` G?aifiyvPTRebiZ,noP>nlyfŽyillxised0alway8YmeasuiafwsSh.稀sixre|itfou uc?R{backoffduXrobabilYЕg(ǐ#attempoCSMAin 802.11Q8rhwasjh(effQvenQ0WshifqgivQpriɞthsvȲmaxsysh`؞p0:+خim}OI7777724??????????RȠp:rxFXྤDespix,linkh3proughrefulor`eeQ(,wr(ometimuna!ɶeyoccuexɢf(n裉nlikeتpahxwob8툀amʝ RndaqhniثpupasrrXPPas24] ȘEǮ8p ebu i̕coxfЎub ,˲-֏/Psagwalsh ٴBI1AhaddP9i(roџSYNCHZXiti0zlheyH԰q 궛ěAj¾ yCKretsmitREQNw 轕WׄUؾܞ3y5od0~I'm0cɱ$bFSet (SCS)td2 Y yncn)vrm`h@shakishxZآm+ock(s)He`way 8PЧ@؟ weIaeass Ϧ5now0.#tr P" CSdatӃhceplasqsorlbabiisdXE8_g׺GNUadHIWpգ'csyu-lplgram.ecaSRPsprg ydep20m7667882 >121, /*570411 >21],eseelativelyargeimingarametersnurxperiments: TSsenseb>N 05,SYNCǂ3b>.achelloevicriesfraghepectrumn0every 10*Ѕ(Wehoo28owestdexpcar@(outf 256)ȃXSCS.asowithalȋZfouoasonablegalues. 5.3UncHardwArtiht`Ih3O"jusyׅׅt0alsobv`woha8atayffh'hb0a^8wߎ߈ߎ׈ߎ_XAmplifiImpЙ!Frequ(yffsetb>Ԝbz쨘t0fSRPadiosgifo,caȋpnowr1n>S.ϫ20-dmurehQゐX10KHz (≈5_rs) `XGmalljriɢ2.oppres8Ӳ`uyorr*rby d `e,ducQi(_gǣǝǣǣGyiciS8SDu؜PRField08oBleaknergyŸ 0eivth,t!aMpr(om (engneaǙ|( n1Figh 6 ȈluyJellocomparfouYstems:ullix>StcP>: tispectrum palnumbؐ(-;hȞ)dizqЃ-C;wiciguoushyNnon-7䐈ad/!Opti(+an oxlelf`HuDnsi2remov0fm(\hguknowpX(tust^/78cherQ%coll woQnceecmeasnoheyiϜOOOO0AAAruP!propoаؔXiaFex packets(`H0aximthreshold X3th26]. I 0dL = 5,, 20%svPcl .u``ecsulp '''''߲ResidЛ[gMloaamoulef`aew,Dȿd PnylizԳca( GGGGG24h3ƽʠ.1qz+1"gT6.1SlɽFYe 8t-NC,9enHqdyncn-t@ofcPphantHȸFigure 8examinehepplicationisrupZratefello-NCyarying ketween 1nd 4.eeatiswpfromXto 2eadsYaignifnterformancep,utfterbenefit'comesarginal.ourPrhis,Alist鉿914Table 1YprobabilityYtri@YnumbHfrequencylocksachss9uHhȊVisnlimited?need on-contousccoincreaseithtrafoadK75noo؍n 3ua 97+%tyrepeduimen8urdiffermodel`norkzearriv𑈐Ymilabserv.lthoughoncl@ve,*how8yadd1 82┈radio'scapuwillOntloooveraeRalsoveytl(epazstudy۝/+66085 >6]. N)l0gwq0.€j7o0.Ѐ9?W-oP(1K)98.9%87.7>70.3>58.2o>52.1/S൚_>1w1.8>25g3oz6om>00.4>4х2ߌ4g''/5>2wWzoo/rzǦǦǦǦǨǦ>T1:нhstriпofrnumbefsأuH, -NC@th= ∞w$8ww?wGoooooooImtob37907 ưlotsapplicarrupr؎Worstit,(^Be,ni>i>.e(hatWnutsg9irnlhtly.ɔxurbexim weDKGGGG???GGGGWWWnetworkopologyexaminis50}s.yaryAnsmitowcresdifferȷnf8Jdirepdys|degrHDHeHYmsmopeer041589 2lߘߘߘّ-C,O.ԨxsamjclXqqexOiШ!obPv;Ϩleadpo[gaialevelx9(secanon-8tPouccXrovides3opportunforpatialeusehereon-conflictingessionsanLtheamerequencylocks. 1%<1em`acserif"tbodyAridowhn="2"/coq5">Averageegree3.9Ā5.1o6.37.5?8nc/OJ0o-C0.02Oy570.10y52'?NGA01?4914Ggd>Optimal983oY6??Ǖǔ:2p"u0lig`justifyߓ߁BߓT2:pponisruPXrathffssaarnetworkf 50ggggw/4cer/+v

k = 30urardwaPleZ'ߔߔ4ߔo7.1'sϱ)Performance'$4'ǣǣǣǣǷ1MediautyeasurҾbpailepos=0544261 >Fig@ a>ummarHsa//+5bo`videoynticraffic.uoOO,Pl͒shtlyer@ansimul╠shtcxective8utilporڪ(upi75%)hxeepy/bel5%.ɞPutpsӘacsipanQis:xa0asonұXtrom gg/׶׶֭ڶ׶׶ׁF׶פ>ч},xcept VBR(wheo0680ThunexHqadcom?9,aث(cussS5.3)k' (recA\hachN)03Ϫgrowgaifynamtix9ɆJystemvOn/OfH,c HPbQbur8nes0thusWacc)lȡGپ''簏߰%粯imgcindex0103ѴImage"/ǵ16_gǵǯǵǵG:estbress:`aXǓNx妗slpGGoG/GWooo'''''''''$SEUsEiencyanmq.u,e8id`iɵ xa functionfheormalizedveragerafficoad. Figure 10howsresultsorello-C,LNCndpti.ԁ~iStatis notnecausHentispectrumIdyxistingesss. Compartohichletelyxmoves@lm8sn(sacic@10-15%totb.mothose, 3%0fromkx(uarssociat@withn-c@Xouequencyc`s (du!nte5pon),t"senserror$tata@newlowaQmo@3o F, e,:(rhead`creaH20-30wwwrIn`cȂi`(iduϘIa8+ilimiˋ7761. samAason,`Hn*tiv"varӆpdspnHternxwaxpreϡ ,2Wffeup4moxɓ\24^cHer٣{%h46:0"left*s="+1"ף6.2.2Whe(DoqGaeƠP?WWh4_-oשoooooharhϦowineWS, owp,valuaireȨXCpermanc-W: anabgdist4w!%/-imgcindex010RImage"/Gǻ16?FH(10:Եpbࣴ:7.ermsuѣ﵇oooOoWWWWWWWWBenefNFAҼb>a0P"@assudmechanis`Gdy󼠱03GܢKkeepI@isru蹠ea10%hȟǁmsu `n 2 gwwto Hly,Gchiev2232%'@utiliz wdz߳O+D/ 0UsiOn/Of rafficjSbGGD!ou8c>A5047211!rsejƷ'redu@ OȝXexampleH68%oad,߃_11؃ϽJ3?(CdVߝϿϝhal.hКbeca魰ourlzviޯ0tly (xmosw@ђ iod)uo0rdwlimi{h4;t="1em"idth="0aalign="left">
6.2.3Jello'sverhead F(12hqhahel`8yPۑЇarrwohiq JroduȂyw$H׆ҒbabilitycՇs 0.5%9ourPiB:iہPabsorb>.FGBsb>ɲDz69573(a)ٰYNzeًr.ithouty,.fixnumb0_6ubcarrieXa@240@js), ! 2p?F,ww"incw]lo be2as{`mofֲful@dem.owr,imilal39148T1:`n 8xgy 1Q2Quye"aЎOl[Pnt 80%>8W_ǵhSpectrumenError|gd0973g2IhowJt#e"ulmajȨ(ϧ(currleagXe 0itive (tPtava)$accupied)ʁnegp߻=ׂw)ata510%.WWWQbRwoa polog8:du S -varyc ne0ir믱heogeneo8sXsngthmmfou ((oenviron27Ϻǽ?1AO)r d,hedge-dHcYsPmuaȍrgyoX iselativelynsensiqohehoicefetectionreshold.ouantifyxpbenefit,elot Figure 14jfalsolandnegratesrom rgy-based bng,9rsampologi69573(b).ׁehatdeadsmuchigherrrors,؁itsϋ (-32dBor}y 1, -482).nddon,uffer)s (e.g. 40%) ord8aint ᑸasonabl[/. 1(. Co inHOverhHb>ԙ0majorityAJello'sたdulinkalHgckSYNCt0`ynchronizebourxpmxHpoccȘxPnal`ence,@Pnlikyconflic"frequ0yP!.ƛcprobabilԎY on2-3%aagec(a4-5Both' ρncItrafficopbecauHaso`sesssr oapxesprum"`sht=s:B-jCS.owu8waplong0bepѦiz.owe,Ɠ#KmmediafXc( ut#yowF24gkh21Yleft="+1"7Discuꞩ Figure 14:estbedsults:tec*reliabilityfnergy-basȐeasun぀itsohhold.ompartoello'sdge-or,Psmuchherߓislytivethehoice| (-32dBorpolo 1, -482)_g>PortыŒ O0radiosb>cane8odvanc`hardwlatms16, 70411 >21130842662831630],AbffromirncrefrequencyP"procesRspeeF0berɈ,l)i8jat:sup9ne-gra8yc)+ckApHruod88vailable8nge/////////h2g onleftWWWtizP+1"8RȓWorkqwq660𢇦ggg_c066`z_w343p_Oj70H32j.Xx$patPnyetagbediimplemѭq vonal 802.pdev`ggIq)ext,@ihaPeloparzxalthxqloadl0distributocolSNG>]utiUHFhitespH_____WWWWWWRWWWFWWdiffersxire"sirsP'er-sٝ8FDMAsH mogxK8Аxrؕro8eߵt YnulaicoteeliminjCSffH.e d,nlikewch'aepabrola er0 selfnxooi(fliؾdefrag`0stayA0nro@rAYulQsdiHusdemСappPaaJly_SIFT_oo]dXygu"time-domaPal Instp}u2-b!e' 23]redicatradio怰 .tsreimi1toimulations'%66360 >7withoutsideringractltifhsuch@e@ anduardXs.ello,n 0,mplemsistribuqnon-IiguousrequencyccesdeploySRPototype. SWIFT3084ideipectrumUsystema@anselargeBvenh(aarrowxpret. +nodeh i#timeomauCSMATXfffromlbyDper-s DMAavoistlyacketB(ivedge-detȂbas8meciso `fably(DS_>8602 >15t/demOO3s ad-6c!,c3adaptc]0bursty ffic.tppli`a8nolipyselɝ؃b(Brece@reedb9reg9enu'!1oء8<-c,>4. 0ftswwwwvh2&b0"left*sh="+1"9Conclon(Hh2mGססׅ/ססКۨ8v`newРߪ+hniȱwir1H-qu8delay@Ȓ"mHa*wȡB恉Ji0ж@varyҘCutiy-agxKPxeoccupXn@o,wtigworkpa0lelQisod.oaxpzeyi1,=evixffragY'0 -flca Ѕ6ׁp9yl hػآnsmiKlsoAC8nH*onot(qud@j:qrol.espi@j's숐J3ȿ!xourasur8-stb!ir˸lir,aianQpOLAckl''WkeoffoelkercshepherdenkhPad ab˳aaymousview helpfuluggSPet(Ste(adongwuugmearr ofЙ]supporYctNSFǽCNS-0916307,Ih847925,832090l546216.opin,i9(<rAdexpr`{mrial Ytho(zuxpneQariPreflKYILDIZCompuQNʭ!(Elsr) (2006) 2>MINIPETL.mٯZa)mm Inд.YSDRf7gOOOt="0"idth="-22">
[3]MPEG-4nd.263ideoracesoretworkerxmancevaluation, ggggl/.

AHLURTYɃmNDmׄ ELSHM.hiteping8thi-Fiikeonnectivity. Inroc.fIGCOMM (2009)''''''5]ANN.mputalpproachodgeetonEEErans0atternysisMinentelligeA8 , 6 (1986)P79698WW6o>AOLYGOɏZEo,hemtfrequy-agildynamicȏrumhar.rDySPAN10'''''[7חwׇׇӆ}hocndocsa largainׇSECO05ǡǡǡǡǩ[8AHAJߡߡߡߣR}GHAVEע aseadaptchaplcwireless?8?????[9>RAMTW,ӭKRZYPACZGAILSgћ700Hzau:Hpportuni(x :etisolid謠industrReFrontlyWDV7Wwwwww??[10@DݒF.lLOUINIM.-S>IMK.nenergy_unknownigsverad'l (Xnomm31F HSKEGGEDDERT7Jgg>EEDnewlassif\sӀorcneu_E2Չ -OU7;5RISEBOIS粒vEѕ>NDBOSTIw.ױoftwarefHd0oxecu*-DR[13/>OLDSMITH_AR.ambridgenisPr`,ΒpYPY,SA, I14W>ONZALEyC//OODGE DigitIma𽱴(3rdd:)3ntice-Hh26wwwwwwww15>UMMAD׻LAKHN?,ȔȺhouldrea9bddemHotNetx6?μOLEMIG,oohAirBlueystemcross-laywMocolpvelopmexperiyݛ gϻϻϻϻϻϻϽ[17HֻW̼`Z׀ԻоX>7EUndtthempactfross-bandnterference.n Proc.AACMoronetorkshop (2009).

[18]JARDOSHESTEENKISTEHTTELIkNJ'f,ڕnabl8rotocolleIs hsoftY-definedadio]NSDIߦߦߦߦߦߦߦߨ[22OPPENHEIMV>FqץǥǥUCK_J.HDiscrete-timhignXpch(2iP0tice-H9923&HU7ȮEDALATFȦATABP.Oxwrequpyratedap oloMobi OOOOOOOOW[24776]USHM,??<__[earntoh8:arrowb`-friendly9eSIGCOM8W׷׷׷׷׷׷ױ5Юȷ׮rARY׮KADHOWUwEL-OY`..ӛkySMA/CA:ɦicitynchronizrealcQoS9meshAAdoc΋*5, 6R7), 744768gggggggg26O>TOCKHAMMkANNUKSELgQM77>6IEG264/AVCenvi9IEEEranHCircuitsRSystemsor֕oechnology 13)B365767327?>Uٻw>HERIFFWIP77FLOT/Anxper(ltudymuldiaraffic 8`manceWiTMeMo5ǻǻǻǻǻǻǽ[28TλETLORHЅsoftdiogener)urpose-coHorNSD9/>IMYNY'&D%NALװy8Robustu£د߹OFDpSacsommunic2s1997[30Wuopen-acѩsc8lat1aref="http://p.rice.edu/">/31Y;#AHLPQRҵ>OSCIBRODA,.,Proc.fobiHoc (2007).

[32]YANYETL.NOWS:˅Yoverhitepace'%IEEEySPGGGGGr/>*CЖxts:ЀAiburInsP2P̧1StmХ襠Gh1Oզ_Michaeliatek''576208#chp06_fn1a'/GArvi0Krishurthy69b///?ooooooounenkataramani''5322g/_ RYrdaoo7672OJ3H830;߸︇______Davidhwߙ9244׸ߴϾǿǙlexerʼPe??330c?w500tn_id00㻧7@׽020>U.fashtonﰗO'ϊ'׊"41׊'0Wass'????GGE61oG0ߢ>YaleG߶׼׼׼׼׼׼׼זgge825gBPPLive.24 WS0%OO1%F0/.>Abstractg__@G"justifyOG]sopular2P eoystemsedailyyillions)peopl(orlde.chievhlevelyscalabilityependnrsakcributtoe$, urrly,seareeirinorewed.npaper,ehscejdesignndmplementationf Contracts,ew,icalpproachoovidingぱibuJincivesX2Phtreamqsystems.smeasurRs1tenChousHPPL)users,xhowatidely-dilaterH6ɀgicannoteffevІli膘thewsenvironI.dopairp:ewar global`Ɖwith0robustnes&ao1Tcnt_Zboserformang.orxai,ouXi,f 3u*߉̂encloss-freelaybacksren 4psHn. 1I8oduȄ''h2/}>p''"j ify???tSڝllapseuoarge-seymajcern hione;esEeploy`ervic`9etPday,y20illpPdrepeer-to-A ();cechniqupxieyc8-eo byߪsmmou0seIªIaewar ipayreD?9esyre(data.hu4ava it /ecruci?i''''Ϝj'FTur*^syneHvInח,eap``ȗUcL ric0HW,Xgra u trPxwhwHapaclimit@pagFur)1enXop oػ8P,ّҾ8cletartoHf@iblOOgOg71I)*2ljoҧм2P,̡%yreh.lthoughabestudex0sZahfilHhar(e.g.,1, 757268947 >22]),(s rh8engeFinccl@PcanAb!ٰ 2farownloaȲ(`receiڦbrX0t (؁addijhДy@ȼed).h`omosa"saOMt8107͇Rdo*takAccsrOť8Dtpu(hogeI۠p H(hWSinؾrp x aw!dģ糏CcٝwepYirst ureo0?0dem(quat šޓdap exi(Ϥ迡Ztfi`thdqmajorH3_+a XhϹrh!ulmenis(JrequibalXtwqyumشǵpwill 4exclumanromiprӿliz?blyoooooooooooohMly,ilHgB`bulkdhtion,uchsit-for-tatn€xTorrent5],reeffectivaheastreamingnvironm,partecaus8equXiallockvailabilityharplymitXradopportunitiesXtweeeers.mxtopologthcaters (e.g.,7810 >17)earianc2[deQryIay, i0rdbaadliso7dups.ԍ, xampleb`reduc8per8mwhapplitoPL. TseconIofpascribC`ractshew؈provirobP tutqvP2Prvi.gdirsromi0echnixtwoipwayFirs 炄isĐ`Q///.a nlydownloadHsrewardssthu@0l˟!systemэX`a@d.Ӎ҇eB1Fanismrigid㕀behavior`ؙ,epfaIaultspecpagreehinPidea@oHx(i.eÁ*os)oow ɓ׋;HbevaluPd(ToableXi؆i@o) hxY toco8{ifiaccoufa#'ߏ.u񉥒(not dXne-g[.,ep@=e@okoc0opthzaϬɲPiccy____________XWe HeI\(hou ч0ЬAngXgg` Wr1exi `f1/,%단aloss-moHr4 𺍬n@Ȉd滢.[ce pPh(߬Eﵗremhdڭ(orgzfollow2)vi򴀼s 3R4[h8Zɕibʔ!ilhЫg 8he h1q4߼whiЭ pr5]n 6. discusqdor7onclud8/////24ִerQ%h20"left*s="+1"OI2PPBͨب77h2?O?OOOWOOH5]W% Hsedcqnpe(50100)Xpdhtiir localata`ksndssueequestsor퀠ing4.achp 416Biscardedhortlyftereplayed. Trackersaint tathatncludespeetflienPechannel,"properti_ (e.g.,ppXbapacitNATus),*overallxal Tanidumonitorypbroadcastource.Æusч`helresx.nwhen#c8otbAfrompyrKXaŊxtoThuslXnƂiroPaetric"AWaiverelat0ByiftьvʋEemlessop8vicm,PLYt infrructuP/automȜ@lyWMoZleva 8orR'solicyjdefault,j8ribu:yuavailable7doQprioritiz-e:pacula8i.edownj:ittsyAǧak¤_atred h`8^c er٨{%h26:0"left*s="+1"ר3Limbphexgeȭ''h2/?照?????9YPY8eanYȖ'aЬ!dependС+'oodXyfaith0ec+softw.e񰺪AgePeffecBd f-rnet:ࢢ5complexQyrietarȁmاon.ncly,oweP3-you--؃vmodQwayą5ag6].ur!!RXРinudPlop noxmyHndardupѬ*iXz&IETF 73SPoF)2rmoQexpish}ϢXod;(iscd)havHȃerp!бO">WhPI׌neci YviXNsоm?opcii؋my`-usPclaHG0gP2P7odayw9xؓrmou׸ЁybasolAϤ)en9(tot(7oooh.ӽhelɥsBXexa it--ae٪hulkata1'}BitTorx5207 >5),alsostudyextePy7572 >1, 9639 >2;.ͥaO>'ѬoAѐ9x ߅81073.ȮschHurromuZl_Xla@ˬx/?Ϥ???)ϕ1,s8HAaoun(i.e𔹮t+mutuе-Wh7X''Zfrequ .achsee@QcquiسreaarieC.š__typic8y K0lecgsuchsocalarestir0(e.g.,itTorrent5])retworkodingfksuAvalancheon6016 >9ltonsurehatll]havroughlyqutraueverime.dey,ncewlihreceiveduЇrandom,tsoots0pphint0system. Lx PeamdifferH frulkataibutionayss ifnt@reduectness*ilaterexchangWe0nsidXfourey llesYl_qJinformde)CractsOOOOON0OOONAOO1)eogXity:>apacpy undamiccyrmes. ?:o3ammHdownloadteYlaybackopeegardlirp2cnAiphoweP,%iPryy Xor)hmatud(yeaK-PP#ssIlogportb@o99,184.ԓQ' Pskewwian(142BpsXsosublcmedip(65s.)HultI,{ajorTtoaggɟȈxprov؇( P҇+top 10%accou 58ڃ?צ">g1mp@@rag2Pex`eenaQsص:nar-perɛhplȖnyʨno`upsSѸ?9erhliz/. crXQȳ1axa ?f (ximuossi)oul؀286hriRX79ump.nroRd ervq95( gЄKhx(l B5h0ciYm21,0icor8pondHXIa9 15%l˦beuпas llowet μX63;pde`H<׮GEdefin+a<عh=0680658 id="FN1h>1S9{/ .Ʀaf łXhrqeȽȵrca%≥ Y76imIdevivjĽs U/e mz{,.e.,mgcixh0109Ie"/&@xb>ib' (lesbA Дo%)ʷJ BilNlN㺨athreR+w,`x0J1hemxtuKȱмȡ+availaXaechnxl([79385 >24]'''''Ϻ&0'''&A''THEOREMr fficcandne@forbstaally=b8widȐ+esly-cernUdiff@hs.hus@lleXJizsersVeapacessiremȇ mpell;knonzero@rgi@y.
Tab`0inHdoruoutONhar(balad,hi(wbelow'~0~A3)imittrcopportunes:>¥depe QbmutjXneȂ2evaluYpe.nЃl1sDsl߂__LYee)Iunlike wXQsar(e (iamoX, TfmvarYo9;K@sttfбyrecef:p@baESyfuoxidόuarrowhQbetweeHQ,.ehlag۝smISȜLym@efewooF3mor*psourO絟ۻbeava@9aulcloI㼈opologxinQdvHagБ+⦙(new)}firsIarpe"m]froщdoȬ nssH8ooojxtk iQ^?????24iera%1%'%imcXex011*pIm"/??GG16߻Figu 1:impacxfbroadcast.ҫirɻga2HGG rO72ϐϐϿWϿ__[1___^A__To`cretw8o(h1numb͵HaPLgz100runn¯EmuPestbed.ac ѴXselexmax8zwqkHnearsdeadlinǓieousj(х!<0iodlaog`buff0duJ. ummz ״הmoay[tn{napsh`pHxcsev0uѿpCnǾ'1`(^OJKoop:hsxby 0ۀ hi!orresPhown؊bsol8e#s(x-Xs)Iap`P餆berfutuallyeneficialradessequired.hesesultshowhat(ereatestpportunityorilrexchangebetweeneers3are 9imristancerom*broadca0source.ut,uchaiPpqinminorx.oblocknsfi)悗.hav0nmbalusefulata. Figu@2:llrationJoremNode jsȗhuplapac ntirbu1sew hdantsߎߎߎߎߎߎߎߐߐ׉׉׉׉׋׉׋(>4)elayensv :P>ipeahys9riIdo todulag (i.e.,pro l-ness)r, !vally,pbamis` a焘nѝinzѝse넢Xmpossombuctumsteady-?topologWmzclaimfols„9vedynglmȧstonXyreyo`Hl`dyb.o`dH1φ28T:ck.H"difpm@r׋s`yo"-croBassuز؍'te,ymaÑZ{Lne u@behpoH 4Structuringorer8manandHntih2m"justify///t߅TlimitationsfilaalxchangeadsoursuundamHallyifferp0achjid@2Pvtreamsystems.nHxPrewarh`erploPrs thdown,erafpe)ismXat6Psrobhlayback;.e.,ewpmissed/d0lindespichurncapac8trai.b0v@measureudih[<`ilepos=0678479 >20],aOL Xapn(annel,߆ߜi`keheu0s1.uesenabl byp8sa8co`ideьZsobje:bpeersqblosorkeep *(sow,¥hϥexX؁x1moreedictႿyielbetϦxTopology:Yoax0zetilizr,_ӮƗXcVdat`{s1anick`replic ful.1demmt"gQhIogeneonSo8Y.@rX1i120xuPPL erunnɃ Emulab hre(ario1)j8xromr, 2)?灧rstHolٚ 7$#3)re!,:r-s`rfrȟ (@wo. 50%Zċaaseq.ˏ(Gty)3ɨyhavA3 ׂmTWY:sul,summzGC01994 >Fig 3q.аbeXwhPߤߐ1}ITreXΙe.ׂola degra ifntlhWAno:`toM͐#mȝX9dropsr0.950.75BprcȒwhiWlike㘔фn?en we赡(hmes24ier9߬%1%'%imgcix0113HImage"/?16/|4:rfȭXi؍adlinaundistrrXc>0ךooooo___7_????????8BuffngC?'$,takXonKifhPew͹찂`!kipped;buseHrpahsl ait2down` Xlaш icrӴ@dx8pora#@@-@0v8.ng(Iѡ9miimtYvideo]cres؅һX3m٬?luctus.ŠDarcalexpPeciill n89fhXrh0iPnn;that quSlorvailablt PЍжHne؄re❿ast.estartingsimpleecoveryechanismndquirjtnxplicxdesignhoicenPLivehabconsistentithypicalserehavior. Theuffppoy ies{tectsfuptygradatio@ascade.hencnear8pourhlls,orȉ(a(ohichforwardsalsoen9ervrup1.lthougxmeshytainsgnifXparedundancy,ilInonaneoudayen񉂉-M(term"from broad8t=Figu4.ɂhpm, 127Pcapa(twɎstreamate)ciؖaǖConejoinQe10ds.tPc computedf`P|@eiym Hle20inAsiprew@efirag(ؔ΋bnumbXhopHrs(byseA. resulshow˕@" ct)troducchurnpfurrǝ܊9aw(WWWWW24cxery%'h2֦ڧ<0?"left''*$siz +1"wq5CraЫ//h27eGGGG'GG@n@crih?/i>,newchemprovi遘uRi8v贱2P+ɛ0OurmhbaXtwoeUqmo`YdhQsniquσɷooooo7oooOoo槑)nilric: Ҧȱz wexcgXQBߋ٥velopaLreSeape1ccordohslob nesXborrRomoriul\pX!l-Iroblem3qaY %axHtructuasym@rP@non-s۶773615]ʘ''datar )aXepohonЯ]umer'p repli{ xp!assimpl n(wn`I%Athィho"irndZ H solȠuntaH򁳴p㽉dsFEϠ*hou ݋ self-ie8 enȻyobtagoй%owPuɨodep#ZWgggggwGCGt8log8ptimizǿXajop u mesh,everl胞p `oe9hcapacitieSifЂXrodumeismllcli0f(reHouɘrgzm(hhh%yJsxrcobC҂2dispjFyetutubX0i鹀hips: oفkq饺wv hOOK=bhqH,/////׾-1///.A//thXsQonoutlfoqh: (1)3lelobalontractorvaluatingothheuantityndilaofacheer's+ibutions, (2)efaultolicyupdoverlayoogy,(3wire-levelccouprotocolbifyY. 5.1CnnsOOh3W݇g"justXO">In :i>,sed"1)amٓ8att?es(ctly!nPY hoseenurn;.e.,%isel0ЁwihHllavrerikelihoodbeaddX"lisapacnodHalsonjoy!mpervichenequeМin8id8 s恈.׀Pextsce:detail3ow}are`mpd'''''ϘGGǘ___ PermanHmecs:ƥ`two|x`y#wn9@rpˁ擀yB(x →)è!4ushɗmov*age.L@presyot9ڪ7P.ūHI0mappdie(class 0onCcil*bQؔ0PPlivXlabra{BC׬׬׬׬׭~24߬߮߮%Ϯimgcex011JIm"/װ߱16糧糯OϬOOOFigu(5:ž?Icli 1. -1f2`id23, 4, 5*o3ooo, 6_ܾ:__F_To8as1effvene 'maXaĥfinIP$one-hop!pag1'׶,XlculSzfollowI'''''wwwwwwww115ww'/wȺDBW(i(3)) = 0.1,_X2\8.ubHt@sa2s릻r1i30 ׃ +]8277ᅦϿgwwwgwwaake`oger,ͮG')" )JbglobTonVhich!teێX, ]bwiؽcarisperator: Intherords,eersreomp@dy irandlassirst, within70accingoffectivene`of,cpributions._q>Servigolicyb>Ԇ0mepcsefin9boveusclisid@hichgel``ee,jpriorityCat|؂al,@prefer.einguishetween xn9onbourcussq.ÂNreqxi(foeWWgPonl蔃exchangeʑolraffic ar8ouV()ul8liH>Ppx`Eanododicalrank- ixKrespon)alueА#@topksPwHڀˋBfigurabl8araernoieª2qwillxepЇBosCAmoΑ tst! ,ۘ#5izfrom;jmaximum9Bwp5/Z1ASt5.3Кesceowreliyscertain+man0=8.eȜoo:alyzitructuarȪ`ԛϹϹϹϹϺwW7a>Wq_rovystem?AȘH4Aw linkquS%v. reasXied: |qaupload߃It!ppearqweakhYa pcanowY /niظXrem®@YQ.ȁve8du!af5WJd mr9(p(񢟄Soooo/7lwardͷmaglobb𵈽GonH4ҶnsmⵁBh(Pcapac᫵piػ,eaJunx1Im( he)),g"likhoo//IoH__[ՈPn衪? Onossidevikp:`i¿` bianHooBjcXA\ܾ(dyraanxZ؂ough(x) >(y.Ա impxs彨BC@=imdex`0117!Image"/>II·8er'q ow򕾿 X(w lesyρϊ&notm f-inlati}unag;x}doѡI~ᅲ??AФgggv(YĹ}izGWPityeers.ornstance,roviderouldransmitblocko yeadfxevenhoughIB(x) >(y).gain,is note'self-interesti reduceswsevaluationnمI (). WhyboPcentivetructu@?Initially,urefi؋+Vay8emomewharbixry. umakeffeciness ()u@curs`?Ԃ9is,yludingc ribu)s,+ndnHnd,useȊjlass raRthan(?ron9por?eacklacpfلquPqur oedd"alXtubehipdlopmaglobxact?????>1???>A??avoid0ߎڒGBfscalabilitAcpag#pycXcreatsPificaverh(ࢰmputjfromsedcolf(.oԂoei׎oneopihnodxpercolioai aprioskthrrepyclЉwqtopolog8pd飏6246erWS%__1%g'%img1pex`0118yImage"/?16_ggggggggFigp 6:կbXernWn′,Ehasuniherؐwh·u21 hpixw)ρ7ϓ׸ץ׸׸צ߸׸>Untu鷙aim73 Y'sucsе(ُUͷP"example,8sirǷѶsipt:) = ΣҿXp:077K GB594;i) ךD BW(p)).,thisϜgici<.Êshow1 qDZ wB?qual0(ifQyeZamׯeٹ8g6_.ussump1ntsreational,utotyzantine.inceevi0ngoes"offerocalenefit,lienwillplitiuscontri8ctivss,mprov!overaicxcy.esidcolludqandoeersnӂ5.4. Fily,ecorpoetourpfaultsacthhthan⇠oxor d"(-awgossip,e8picIdesc`eext?????8ރerY%h30"left*siz+1"WQ5.2Topologypdˀicy8Xh3퐯W[IGGp:)nddiRspechow>shouldakeTvYsКɒvalso0flu؞pћlayis*edlobI.ochievedisXuctuweapacityclo𕱔sce, Csɖ,ormhbyqV1()ᣠe@s a0pxuYiepages.8Ȝ ٙagofsecepdromk,80nmpoa9`iC׈ҧY@Іבg valu thC8yn{'xE!#@2St(-inaborhood /ttempثhbd>BsethxIes1.nrspped1res<3NperhӘWlowynoXzushripy=(hrourJoooooooooooohSRi`trsor`p" (Po B) (m)LBC(p)*ngnew׸end꧊st ڐawasP&sߦRП9e;.e.PasIܡ>preferrmo(se`ubeQӯrha'#jlikespoorclowthus/hh8ut*requs. Bootppnewlients:>or္lyoined,{OKbil, edsrece eamataarenou"plicat#Xely.ut,ince؂intaddttyplpldrromڃsource,b'''''24νqerI%h3 0"left*siz+1"GZb>5.3VO8 @h3彗?HetopologyPXol depe(ѹAkabtaiٷuth Jgl3仫(e.g.+calculaʿPEquc(1)).i@o8@{a)ʚpsupp@taskEac؟chPus砝ompletone-ti@reg!steptm infrru0dur`HvСvuniubp/priv1paHKWhen Cractslientsonnectonenother, 0yxchangeqiresp`iveubliceysdoncealues.N,dž> →> :V1b.hlude1(')""!rHitie`!numb@3,by֙ϙ2050055Җ8rrthholdȕ:volumeє 5red쁷Jt!kH@oloadohead. 9:>נ{WUboot(apsPwSqproviʰȿ(Y1iQ˨TiH-t𥃎`CvaluIrwarllus𤴻κditnP•coll#ҿone-hopXborhooHUnlik;FؓgenX 3idkʿrXar:tha@uish`m"a ategic.fyaccepucmanu(hrbipޜkaimOnAuchengŧĉ4_xa fyːݴ'''''ϴ''''''' Tooi,iss먹msax2Jfirstoi0a@܁սɹý8`ïka,1liѝpublh9iipyۛA@0qydemPYʂgaѭH߈۬筏o'Alug`Ap  ncema@ᾠ<.aremayndercu!X(hȯ0pologrulgor0mgraperȢXceoddQ9Csppore{#y+ upÑfs. Ghׁlsnablapx/f-@xd"-diworkl@e.g.,lacrowd`TrimgBhefuncnssnsuringhat(erackernotverwhelmedithetworkAfficromputationalemands, 0rindof@seciXscribesmechanisms ConYtss)ochiev08. Figure 7: `stru*ceiptigestss 0ali1Q.Ԓ*peratpicatconInꎏW_1APolly,XM0tYpreportЁinuYparticip`broadcaPrequs pdXdpfeers.ɁcurrYPPLiimplemj,slsocluB'aximum`l8 0Pabyt.piggybs ge,)la!elf-ãqa ifiabl`ccougѠ*KuspxAuerevious @val.ӈ(ublkeys (aheviduPs)@lengthЪ1nayapp@syorward@rouldmª-DDoS8k9stead,#s%0, xin-tex*竏algormѡyL|770gbasK} cu@datafыsroBQc7o؋ankň8 thelaintextPmsnigestsequiresittleverheadlativeo )existingrocessYalrXyoneyBtracker;ablookupsvidpd@form8on9computequ(1) (whersumf8ntribPdlockperpdarvalsir s).lthough s`ight(ward,1ificEÆ:allyns,rregeneAndashachignreceipt.ut,ncn莎-hentneedAani s,Pcanh0loxat@ime.hiXsamplemacsisceptibiЏ؍,ur 5.4Colluxs8ap8wwh3ͅp7ww"ju0fyt?:i>CactsnclubothrhzadHpoowmanag;PdeoffetwePtocol/robnliciouehavior.ɑabse:fyzanp4,effecYreQwwi1tڥpccouqgЁXo? coordinBpologys)nڬ ewomeodevifrodefaul.hD, Hs@, th`;????&?Fremdذt)sqc`echniqupusyᬧo鸠globerspӕ҇guratt`particulaPwell-know2P\:T@aroupق3ip茐orءؔXsubanismIe?ѴЉqlA;Xlr`2rveam (a,@syn 0tiX1ctпxooooWWoooLiػy:!app01d`0posin#1Darrari y so-cSy<7]2/+linexw4bfurfix,.g.8phonumbإMSFٗgRchezWhPaclioinroadcast2Spmaximumlpapac`.l)gyĜchoo運a pr (anexce҂9sxȥf@Hlaimڿ(BC()addxl˶imq oʄ`ua'sng-m!,KVbpig+Y X??s.uxowȪfGyissu)audulمe.o7*anmopBWyoHi)S8 llyVx٭ˡ"uppo9totx KBmЂF0actu@tnr efromon-wZ{̊ߐ?1(^+5aؽ)^Hhelpilso3edҙ(→Ap)A԰ϚVrdGGʃuWfgene) receipts, xanlaimtostK1r2fraudulentontributionsoheselluders.ut 74`notxceedploadatefmeasur(byBtrackerorANffic.urr,fivex\)p*helpsgon+,n9B:(e′ @594;&)houleeroZanyi72,winviolitsncomingbound.husschemle:څя[`llgB(p)aڇgg`substantiyimٔI(xz. Globald Ȗ`ity :>ɋXpi{pdckso@s pАablhsY/AcquireesynticditieZxrИoblaluV)i𓪑oddres⚞detecXy(HlinklsoCaopaknetwork-l$%eYwhichΤ_e equencregircasrnowsaS'sPporXFnZsafix (/24)dampeɧ֪wўiziaɄOU@(e.g.,Ibe@ATa8fdepolicys8ex`Phzcarc$WHggggge1gggfAggNthweo ad@ unڠ@`l,׹ztegy-proof, nTdef"nn(vpp0igIQ`aEchoi𕰚l wnre@u176EZHhh2mg/Ouλansphwaعhirpply(eamymX?ױis;&dd(od@Xh@ 0Pafun@alclab .edbhvxTofiryxr0rt8)aHdem:KѣimvBlk o)`=9SpecZ:ulli>"1״ԅ˾wwunZ8 withogeneycapa8*churnFnumbXNԼPqrupplaybackrom 13%62%qƽimon 4ףO <(Contracts6.1Per(manaiHnb!Ph3ot /"0"jpifytoiWeirstaluzHޜ mplj,ichQbuiPfromXd~sLPfPPL. `show a8ress: 1)esntout hounKon`ŢV (TFT). 2)/ideަtribu s;)symJOPx ,Areaۂwp#ڒͧ??|'GǗǒ'ߗߗߗge:ag9(@fщ data :s cedypbhadlQAO@or,ծ {zotFhtPaX[17].ƃeaPsechniquwiasu1٨uarticipaHbroadcaxEmu.82335 id="FN)>6yIp'ɸhlУ,`-s؈B`2;.e., u4twi`!aggregded.ruc,0we,(nyaI-lttmSamccurcPp«ط±ױԗ)veexc`gi*0di̿=decsPery s4Sh᭰revious 3f l[u2fa9figu`Amessc#Li(t.WWWPGGGGG24qeri %1%'%imgix01231xImage"/G?OO16_Fie 8: W2isSunmodifi0],-basɱ{1A50348 .s00 res@Gtscan9imq@elXhy; 62%Q:ex loss-f8laybackdÒ9 13%hen$ſ.ɯrord)f*ve/7ymo(R4m0twM:do0deadline8aargpf QrgUҎg`graormanceorheajorityflients.his consistithurnalynection 3it--tatenefitsighapachenyappaolacedeabroadcast(y > 0.96).ut,ore@a@-cannoxoll(nou`usefulatawhich trade.vproveirbilitieffrom,ecreasing ralltzaandg(erЍ.
Ixntives:X@i>CractsrrewardrtribؐinʎrobnesWevaluatQbompar7ePPLth_[t.no es,ymIb `inedR 100Aunily(betwe012 אctm(1-Iist1.5)ynae!, 0ticipؒx _Y10in@crepeRexim0tPs?????>1???>A??Figu9howsresulAAserrbarsivln8hlrysWa x-hHߧxdordmerrel]_YamouPHim2Bvsifit`becaї@ndB6,,),tѵ$.oaddlP0fieldhiorHrim0amp0 o@ BvPsȖAX0zøٸ?wnew4s KiyudepenL0imlikehʿ__öɕ(elow).Ү///F//T lsoard:Bkeyai@gForryptograp("hsHA-1pRSA,ER-encodPKCS#11024it)`M,illIs8Xangigabystorxk.ookupablApptr0RidQQsi fpmemomrnrɈ(#WTsoci publ*nonc I`ncou [LfromSdc)peer 0">
Networkraffic:
xchangingeceiptndfdigestessaPsheainourcefoverhead C0racts.hree0latedarameternfluen`thisIPkerpecifiainvalɃhdicathowteńrporbylient(Aengthynduc(numbsuchat codpyptopologypdsrd0ctionYcZNqhvolumeʇmAaavcknowledH.inally,2streamrcolany݉{e amope(okuralyshepe(az,e finɇmemPfGsedvideoXCurrsˏo15inuy'thp30w.ɆredۖyZexaAffsly!shoiH.<@'ϡ24vcerϢ%1%'%imBx0125XIm"/?צ16ׅ稧Figu10:sizrڤ!funfQal׭׮׍׍׏ױool1ooonAooFa0mo!quHty (500bit),Ь0(/ϲeyimpoylHn 0.1%iv(nsf'shд ibuֲ.ih*0requirhforwarddi2dfromc'0hopxborhoodBcH X1.2%ؠȊZnrЅ ?BHhi@xsrxtǓGGGGG@N_s_Y @!rپ*]veEjQ24 Ѱ6tupмJa (trdubl0key)cou0(2*s)8c,۵wouldludeq( sd0cྉn0`gxpY@,ȅ(ㅟaH\slpompmЮH9ʍo@’jxdPLyclitarxip:popularr10 pi`.äOsЍskewed;AsAH10fh 6ϧ.8Y,ynY fhШhg?WOOyCombiouryjith3ypxl7oollowsٿs. Figp@haSsq_olaluzlherowA߼(raAf`E po d , domgenڒ/*u9am ~dЩBScapacitXaggregyOǶJultipȟ?:dtotg鞲Fan9proc迁cs+defaPam qus1KBpҶ=U>

Computation:
nalequirementstheli{reominatedydemandsfideolayback.trper,cpoverheadswqreceipt ific.րwns8gener8ng"messagspec8߂di؁/ ЅESHA-1ashhainor*ȅDsocK؉(Figu7).husGG0npesnumbera-,hichjeterstreamata ሂ>olume. 80%)four A.r@llres0sxvari6obvwvLئƅK飰ckHcos`ilarlxhihة3nesel%Pzewwwwwwww?wGm%gimgix0126Im("/jght="16"lign="center">

Figure 11:heumberfe@exchangesequiredoret)newlyoincli0sopachtableatchingsunction)tarrivalsnAlashrowd.how˖Wrdiev@ilqtug'cs(armicalX2gsWWWwwwth3. leftwwwtXzp+1"Ǣ6.4O-s0 0h3߄稗Ouuathusr@focusxeprmaACXractsIsSpecificok;.e.,Ыessot0deWow8׊Ӝrectly,urPPLiࠉGDwhhH\ޟ?orA6X]lX؊1=runJEb.Rprevioex0im3phord Z'sǃǢߢ68062umm`zhjesulRerrbars5th7ReldorkXxh2}ϗwO`uilnlarbodp,focusp) m,2P9_gggggF1noaapo3ahxNarada,ϾcastYoid4, 7123 >1760 >8].heseesignsriedopproximateulticastupportsingxeetructuroverlay.plitSam,@subsequentTddressqheimitutilizationfeafonr-baschem߈4582 >2 SworkaslIswarmY,orrow fromitT-likXystem8video-on-demand !liv.ool~/DONet hnetf!w"?<8033a]AnnapAdy, Ql.rguhhatxuXty 0iseasibleP2PchГQpoi(reinforc`bypcHcribPPLx'sWTimplntc690@13: wellAorubliclyvailacommercial (e.g.,SopC,VAntЎ!UUSee)gMo(וstud inhbulataihib0e deployparular0-<.iuZSrika_ mall(findQiheaash briumndcerta`coУ9'9639 5lthoumgshownrac)lchanis٨tw0gyGF8947htdadva騺st [ubtle0bterexgoخȭu X i cCWI4388AperjiLexte0~pGD؟hroducypricesyi ei(zthXqrefficiencrobnx.neoppu79171upag@w2;Zyh UOOOOOOOO׸OOsѓy跒AER?︚2110, 655ș062519﷗68*8466߹127).ungVԟ?˶8+rewardsǵ񫈫!nXtapacaXohpehggaSecPk6x@toco?o0fin0s(attackgZdenq0vGG#t(niquY@@gIry'rk,hichch2ifiЉ yon.ARossipalyznO̎cI;xJfrom C@OFhtPaЛxѲ fwp@ow*yncmbxhip)ȠHllXlong-malaWump%@ݫдhexɧ̾-basit--*siy٢균PiahewhoDTFT^Aӑڎ1fiyneXbcaltru0achiGg߾a7ϭrPpracth`ecl`t@ogeneakdiffepHx)QܸHCas S0ralive-streamingystemsocu nrovidrob@nessyforcc`ributixamoux.hu,t.!pose툀atory,㉨lMedaxa"inheextImulti-(e [3].aridasanoewo-juditchemerOthatsureskpeersoreA0@holdya64511Locossip׉mmedia8arti`cku(',h@lobaisbehavIno iaux.arpunish5|dotwsuffici, Cactsewards\vol ȐasPchAsibleggggg24qer/+%7h2L0O"left77*4siz0+1"8clusPGGh2Om____/__XWe ex!PperpcidᢰkmT8qupeatP2P?_tmءeffecYAany ely- doxgiba٦H!`rilxexc ge"plleoțЫA,new_y;׫H quty@viaolaPlogy.uiltocol,ss pifiasxwѧ@ 睇oHimP_ePtoPLIngnwWSo8ixpaoPcurtail[//W/_////__//,Acknowledgi??'?7?O??gg??woulik"YkZanonyЎIviewɵourepd,АHzohsi,2HialufeedbackRefe@ce׳׳Ϭױ-22[1](.jiM.rh`R.oh.eer-a@+Id𢯢pr@InNEXT;2008߹߹߹ߺ2Cao,.rus0l,.-KerrecβhPRow-TSh8pS":辘-bultichȴHo+tSOSP3ס硇3Yhu,ʀB8H.ڲ hax`to-AdIGCOMMINS&4'קקקנϔ774WӌaH??e!oGMETRICo0????75Bo)bobhnessBitTonP2P-ECONǘGGGG?6om*limitsXl ume. 7777/7pDouceur.ԱSyttqIPTP2׾8xFranciYoid:xdiQi(rnetrchitecturHAvaila at 777, 2000. [9]C.kantsidis,.iller,nd.odriguez.omprehensiveiewfynetwork ing2Pystem.n IMCInternationalonferencenЂPAmput, 2008.

[27]Y.-Wung,.ishop,nd.ao.nablYcontribhawaesshnverlayroadcasه.SIGCOMMv6wwwwwwww28pX.haiJ.iu,€AT.-P.un.olS=/DONet:ata-dr(networkorS.NFO/5 Qr/>0)align="jufyGmHf`ace="serifsuailepos=0649016 id="CHP-6-FN-1">124]scHesrocedutouctuchdisse@ eackס׊דǓǓǢǓǓǓǓǓǓǓǓǓ25337Ǔ3">3rer!0t Yheuricincxs(radopAueRelatrshtcaityrplus,lisstmpessfy0questsﭿߟߟ߮ߟߟߟߟߟߟߟߟߟ30944ߟ4">Man-in--middletts`recludbundBkeysѺ*l8turnrrer.PȎUsheadZopggg317695">5ƴ(brev,emit֭xifierPls :߻߻߫oooooooooooooo6">6omulab8lowssexecuWindbxr Expenc`CoralCDN:ive-Yearρ0 Viewx׻h1ߺϻ/////ϺMichael.Ƶdman׵׵׿翗GAPcethUnrsкWWWggG24/,%72' leftAbst핕self-organizwebȾ9ribuIetwork (h).ubhthroug_s(mpak9hmng aRL'sostname;de dNSaynsparPlyطPtrnз ticipcacxnodesh趠 8o:Zminim쮨 x1origpȸ.'hbeenIcavai`hPlaLsr2004ccoufymaj`tyf醹(rArequessemillu:(cltPs)ray\paescՌus󨈭HoaumbȄerawnromRti-ydeploymXes`essons ؏specpciIgenY,ucWh(APIؐing,ndecurity),DNs (robustnessresourceanagementXvirtualizedosting (visibilcontrol).edifyesignspect;changeshatelpCoralucceed,etlso8osekprovwrofor邘rPn0on. 1Iductionh2}''"j@x???tTheoalfwaokereb1availabloverybody,gardlYxtpublisher'wnrdicatrvi.ooo0ɔ9pen,`lf-organizq'tistribuetwork ()anysreuse,u4ri0aPuriz|0i@figuK.Ј athrough?HsimpPapdaffix1aRLname.g.haref="http://exa.com.nyud./(code>'&h=/0hȃodifiqmayoneyli(s1igin*erirdartimlinkdomainC3ssjuchaiHrhransЧl(cYE͖DNSݖnearcipxxHɄ|, turcoor Rthusinim8oad ψɦϦϦϦϦϧwBǟǤFǤg`yutalXhy dȗikrahcjnew>[filepos=0796810 >14].the!BscrchHyw8nixyreplʲpo@x೩populai.othechniquOresXsR27M2004,ivxc購ilvh*)riAcVmo8yptund sild-he.ccounRaaj0ty񃣈»x_Nypr098t0byټdatada sponen:mill HTTP7fromXwSk (uZPd0sses)ǥO9!rX єm 8emacknowledg8re.nФpxniotBir Q)spcinnov8Sbegu^HlaPcxfrPruc[cqWtimhXDYXg∨5lPl@b(dAflip0dfpaxјtqll-suHe?pfص@0voPsق81`ur5long-un_,@pr`f8iibu;Emg8YhrowdsEi!su%2irsunn0ssarysedikthirtxķcHuЙ acip񣹅oidFopystem,Htna8tchoi8d҇3-󲠍Thpa!prov retrosp18xPkbuild KNp gHpurthreefol@F{afmmz' sh$s=0796810 >14]nection 2,eresentataolledverheystem'sHodudeploymandnsiditsmplicas.iondJdiscussarious/thangesencounter8describeuryfersolu5omfseq]haveeiirporaAintoÀhlCDN;rsequiredopjbyhird-partieTy,iveni8ghtsrevisit"bbuildingecure,pen,JscalaPtist؇Betwork.ospecifPlly,apadds`fowtopics: Tucch-Xignobservusagatns (3).ώxdict 8mixed:armajority trafoxnotonypЌachR0ll,edlflashrowdl eon.!33)????WSREman ʭP95<.monlycA02a08withjsub;,ll-bed>bm 8𨠩ڔiwp(m.֮aٕlreZp sBQmiss!Arol6ooooDie2¶of6ApǷ@ ldPnef0from sibil$R¬1ayai؃ȴ`gpafdwhixrm"o9H鹸`d.bheЄ+(j-y 7Wh(ȸdec Hizlghmpun3ka ly-neHpm)rK tru H|ep)setɰ/ڹ0"pdthem" ="jP@GmHZ="Pif">Rar0foclf-or(izorỘpaalyz{xa)bcrvivirtu䠟AXenH`tyxpud,clhR(oڶhtabDHTs)key-valstЯ٫ ؆w ion(,'norkQmHgramm%lou9mpнgoLb rXrtnePHnewurҲXhind8ht,rpXtak2limit̻Hܔ@tHcaо(8[PH????????;next҉chit0uɴrotocols;xmoxQle8p [14]llym`xȽAfq2ptXequ pub5jsD`athroughou+jto8idiffȾ?gG249er??h2q0"left*sh="+1" 2OEDh27ݕWWWWWPTh(HDUN4Ѩhree mainarts: (1)etworkfooperativeTTProxieshatandlelientequestsromsers, (2DNSamevor nyud.ayascAi0ribul. Fig1: Ttepsvolved( ɓa3izURLbh36leftt="+1"?92.1S oPview h3'ϒOOOOOOOHAtHhxeve*ollowoccur(en4iss00|}shownI~ollialu1ZXResizo (e.j.,ሓrmexample.com._)pNs.(ǮαIbBde0m@ro(-xp-tiX8B߁٬ropriaxW`oxnl"2Procesʶڶ?:7A$sendQk!zio@Dk.Ɍ ygwebbject 0ally,5Hnished.ϸ8rwiseSatpkX#dano/3DiscAcoove-ylookspt٪( 4eڃDhsdd0f`n'yetfromsdloaρՑrig_\?5S\[o`73isk5؞row8565AnnX`WIferenceYelfA,8cordռhhaZnow`3z/Jϸϸ///߷Tsؤrew3des͕vXXdosز[ϲ796810 >14]ײW8cXerg%h3y߼leftǼǼǩ`="+1"2.2??߹3JKademlia~8774 >23z,t(h(Zqbaserlylgthm.sysappa(eynȩsyComparedo traditionalHTs,oralntroduc@aewovelechniqueshatere(ll-suitforts ticularpplica113].Ɂkey-valueXdexingayerasesign with(akconsistencyequiremen`in(,ndlookuptructuself-organizІolocality-optimhierarchyfluxrsapeH.fllhiehnotisc0roxi8cacharile,@nly osesuch5,xefbxonnearby.ikeostexpos putxge{opHɏinnounce'sddres@a`bbjectSoth؇PsociaURL,spi8Inx\oft-st@se-to-l (TTL) . yόkїQnode `蒹IDyRPC(SopspЖBnmrbsՅhiX9.bHne)tIm (ermid if0taX)ݙ/pair]routo:scJ#rTwheeX(1)‚c(2)"Щ9h (aly corYo{(Jlongerd s I2pۈ ''tnagKches vtre(a`;imȱb᪇ByinбXyrma3ɔglobtp, lbeBYin5ll(=EԐharac8bximum2retworkInd-trip-i (RTT10symYame@fixߺߺڿ difaIhd ر(holdȪ deploy2e-ll,3-0p%ɁC2j:Qmrib)gthhP,p)hiwPXfre0n 5.3____________XEy@鋢sFigx 22.3 CDNTTPRyHhh3嬿gseek aggmmadxigerPEssumma)sowңILAi-b`ƻdaptlas`rowGGGGG4'g.1L\-opxyans74?OOOOO_OO>ꖮ#keepAceromianmixfulXirest(Whe@ǀúnon-i@tRL,ד-atptRetJbx er,uindex layAPcovery.roxynlyontactsRL'sriginerverft0theoralndexingayHvidesoefer nefЀreturnzdata. Figure 2: three-levelierarchicotrucXenodeirstu菐ors"j-2l@("otteds),eoienc@Ya0Д witsame.fhndmappmoi^#p 28hget!ishes.φwise!inuamo617oli/andallyXfeeded,oyKlob0ym皯皷ߘ1ߓߓߓށAߓߡrCDNz-trans8xoptimizfitbromirsbpalnection`o bPordhwhXb/:ed.ԧHpert"fG7gnsat2lia,(llrbas@o҇-dha retiato`Thus,ampxosx%,sp98y________'_,h4g oleftWWWt="+1"P2.3.2Rapadaptaaflashrowds/ h4='ϳOOOOOOOHUnlike8web=sxplicitؚĆ-hariop2uddenarrsaobjGself-organ !mmultpXt8ڿv‚z.ataaeampet(g@koBlaTh0lcurps좒upoǫ???Nvi0PbehaviHcut-ough 0g*cW(F)Ϯ_hڂ~tylpduѯ8s i8ZargfilTi8auploadJaaoeeowninota(u8 ce½iTSex0-InouJhem"ur!`.abe8ImftcteiڗOKyȵv``蛸hTL (30s)tinuҙew-ldT8compleq (;20lonxהk<pos=0802486 id="FN1hsup>1)كfailsﷷ﷿%߸ imgindex013* Image"/'16ǴߴFigu3: Tot0HTTPpdaur!P8ymGraygcos"in%taHOOo7771?Gr">

Figure 4: CoralCDNsage:umberfniquelients (left)ndploadolume (r)orachayuringug 918.14],⌷wabout 14, (C++ 2LOC0pQȈ'hsincerown rou50changXwecussHlp ءthreaseH////''#'''F''typxllyu(3004 PlaLabt#701 @),php2sityorldXe.tvoidsɧ 2-on`1QercʐËPZЙpohpecisthatect)ir)opiؐ+no8Xknowledgeem' 0Txuvity (e.g.,PSPordin tinHm,tc.).vthougha 0ly-man0bed,meQismsФdself-org@zȧӋZpS@Isoftw!nf!$pdҹ!rolgګtusO߸߸߸߸߸ߺ߸2߸߸߸߽7߸߸߸3AnalyQOss踷2o7>Ts{ЖHnsome-leveti2-?s(Q.3'ό.1System@CrafficnsO_L3gOww߬wwwww>To a ۿׅӧ3se0蔨sȹtth. ?;04085 >Fe 3i (мtot@numbпzrequhĽsrivPeо8ymid-P4pear2010howbothooijcliy llAissu0pea\peѰriP#䄹j ؿȩuX?tetwe520Ȼ(pay(imo@ KX405dai.WR802888 id="FN2sup>2Figup4lo`qtotalumbuniPlientPddresse whi@;originat(left)iaggregmoubwidth@adht).Ԅracxshow 2illions,8sulzpewerabyttA(nsferred.erimarilyٌ),_Z209/,lxraly83415rovidXinformatabou8patXnhfocusn firP씺. ]ertahHHopularo-callheadsuآmoXYڢ(-9-7,|val1.6tself.rgfOon's:vy l\Pa Ql擯Wdatasealsotability{dom( .ɢh+,߂'LP񲚔@kBcrosiೈY؂ptQisr̰A> belioυs:Js߁pƭ ule-ȫ`1o;FirefoxdBrXexs.xfur8r,Wn770V7Rن r̉ȱ ą&G@E(taapӸfяs،lGtHxMDhadژ(gcqy@-`m8tomers8 v(Pbeewordx)magnitud.fwpw{႘fJesmplicہସsx24^cerٴ{%1%؂'#imgindex0133I0e"/?16A: Total772Ⱦ'''''wwwGwOGGGGGGgGGGOWWGOO'ώG''''F7BRop-54/ (h 9-18,)wwwwwooo?oResurrectingldontent:necdotally,omelisttemptoseoralCDNorong-termurability.nanownloadrowserluginshatinkbothand archive.org 32],automaterawg____3זזЉWMo\ÖamtY}objxThe|,lreadyidely8chacroseetwork,e񙹀st5cuspdeffvɛ_free, !vHr*4//YuXjflash@owdhowuFiQvidiagoPen虋xs(pweb@withH(nsspikepPlporXgHu%dH裫s commiedopdynamic0grammechanismrediDŽ% ahobd{)refer`Wefurn 4.1ߥߥߥ/ol0"Ith0em"ign="jifylockquGm facif">UntHtǦdes noell-sucfirthcsH1.X 䆷4^ ׸'%imgXcix0135PImage"/16ߍύFigu8: g ѧsim(Aug 9, 2009:\pentjaccoufrapf,@@ylȧlitt)t؂ѫg׳דOhInsufficЯolȵzך̛;archiЉ]оPi0do:ȋZreplicظdurabi0*nρ3evicRroȃvtimF;,ȃhnxpiryB (defaul12ours)wi*(8t 24fporigfailytH,cl`ttem`Ǻ pur8T"scodeoff:nps:upi¹ranߪvc{v؍l EbeqO#ed.υٲd`yimѝnasxyry12].e"typusɻ si11314 >Figure 6andoralCDNighthenetterervedithifferentesignouchraffic, i.e.,neaxoesn'tequiaulti-hop,de-areaHTookupoompleta@eetchingnt)fromrigin.Ƅxexa,itsohploymonlanetLab,a2Xuldaint inectivityall0rs si(ysnsishasRalobalz:[17ъ@801713].lnaely,on;reghppe-eschewDs,;whi wevaluafur! 7. OverkiȖtabpopularm,or`b>Jmoof's7cooperXisteeded:Ϗ113ǜhowpamnumbURLc8nHgraJQs.eweasџiroXsetzeI47728ØordНdrmi(@stxXddYhPlah\fi90.01%min 49tot,(՘HMB|.Š)proxyX3.0Bskmand`)LRUipolicy.ԇ!suiB1Hnear85izIf24ǚǜǜ31%Ϝimg cex0136 Im"/ǟ1Ÿϟϡϡϟϟϟϟϟϟϟ˸\9b>>es}durAug 9, 2009j71ATheؠyloadtribusupporsp8:ȹbeCș‐HHwarddPctHEend-clHg0ns@e1Yic0ن (yWWVdiffrradiap@yುidata ly-sel`-I8Burrog(s۱ws9563lgb801x >371]gItڑHfu?9eQn,蒋urȱp^'"uK.OM8607N9KummarqexJwhi2|hHr/70boaspsfihĆh`{7%xsult1Xnsq. (H诘Ѷ8f8hhduAdmissrolඐmehbhm cuP5.2.)ɚ h@, Hlea0Ai@chenvironûǢ?8iО!c`isms7Aldaboulim/ۿhbe@ob@arr7G914@:], Z pimPvjB-sidt%ygnian9goHredu`yтc|,ye:on-8groupiٰўin8id{5ƪgin/Ϻ///////*ɷbze-of)owoJFtoFqXqi1[qɞpa(tXmXci йasystemightnlye(onocalrgion`cooperatp.nact,kamai'setworksesignedrecisso:o withinachftspproximat!1000lusterse,utypihfetch contentndepe(ntromiginit`[22].oplteu`scenarios,oralЅ,inglgthmuldesPto @f-organize቏n~܋`tlthu0voiYeanunfiguӊaHarvest5410 >7co9tP@loymsy. Onjorand,hpnot edfmotraffic\CDN@abilityrtuickЍflasrowdsoffloaCapovubscrib ߍYڅitag (؛ mmerci؅pre).ׇnsid ext8 1׎%ߎߎ0ߎߎߎށAߎUsefulitig8Gds(b>sc@ularhowpikrequHoifferYURLX0f, e,a@ds(qpop9Rr!minu0,sepԕ@e1ailoleadAedgeHerPs`ѫhzmagnitudhСؚim+P[24+1%ϒimgcyx0137Ie"/碿16Fie: F)ad @kSdob7ߝ߬߬Ϗ籿71Mini-ǠduZAug 2009.adatapoX(sae- b;m"r$ Xten{˰ounsetܾ'''''w فWT321P11"QpatʳxpencedIPsiw@a8ticlnay5.fAed Xthles!reeuxu*cam8brupt clus (hapІetoryropppoffwebaHma)l,н9?=,@(iAc f(rt(pf="http://moonbuggy.orgcode>ithpopr nui 24PerCgraphWdepictnraffic\aaw1anQimHA ;קК,nitiokŶ߶߿߿7Ͻ77777F moPquantit2XalysiBfZncyChxa pval!)doDar`increaؠXiXrom oүInext.ɛљ!,]60652Rxsidea@f-se dX8Ze09 ten-dayrace.heeftraphlotsomplementaryumulativeistributionuncJ(CCDF)fpercgedomainsequestednacheriodatxqence10-r80-foldatecreasrigh׃Ճccounfbhes`Ԅ orders-of-magnitude (OOM)&s.udden@(, AyrH(.n 76% 5spochs,odny҇,hil) 1:%1.75(dingj12.9ˆm/dQonx.argerynamismavmo:lyi0.00ӑ(e+_f/d.oree ?occurred. Figu@12: IxHtflash-crowd|csAugp 2009mL`showsn@gchangross楸-secondԄJR R#%)xGea ≥ 1Z_______'_//W1WWWVAWWTourrpqpitousne ʾHthpanalysIKlo@uions.803297 id="FN(3sup>9Am0W50ߎ̾(mo0.4վʾǾŪir(notn{ aotala1.(pOnlyH29any_(motЅJTt!kv\?rl ietiwoOHle 1%%threeStill, Dsmall𐑽]:ĻooWꇝ)o3.10mf1o0.05/ȺGoGGGGG>Inrt1datxp(1);//CoralCDN'lar8zٙimo(2)(o'raffics{菟(3)Xy/verreoccur Iԍ׿g_______1moYadop2svoiJ8eto`troduevenaggriptiscoJalgormSimuldorkloaearmOJ04625N4Bh[968>1])څɢQz(9r(y,Nssue8*d8a1etcX)anriginerverueoace-likeondition 8itsookuprotocol.fultipleodescurrently getheameeyhichonotetxistAIindex,lltanailndtact#.his҆ sharedyoapplicas,usedributhhashab(botheer-to-Adaices).utecap1Y)owaarrivalfrequesheoqalongtime-sca0@n(DHTt,؇玍po signif@m. N!isysiٕXmgan.hipngnetworksystemorlaLabsuppor)cooperPv8ach9[2]mequick𑯚қpprepaɚwp(ntw@ounimize0dundfetcae@tedoral's؟t |`(vidturtatuQm, t-0-sYz-memoryDs.ngpu+ *[r`(ȎencouyX(e @3qwn홠yppriaX(4woulxpl2opxizcom&WDNsm0hxur2005,pQinuiWWWWW24y%'''''''''!O1nnesʦrblg reXr! q(!mxrhel@rflcrowdȺaskmay*PavaK.ٽyl vad0@Qej8fYi׆'!sealsoPtrodu鶫sggggh26:0"left*s="+1"׸4LhoiyWeb߽h2焵_wפna`echnique%YPIIic transйؾklm(ebsit@O9Ჰr+deploy!,i`;sa`Yyhad@epXjѫ!ֿ0qr|teautopXmeadySexp ouoʩwyܠaddon@bR%uracabackb.nso,eeAsur@ Hngpubludlat s.†b_[s{kOaumb@ebcເ, hgeهьilȋHitpecɵecbd(`;W uss 7777778///3ϣϣϣϹϣϵ.1Ame?Ǥ:3Ϥ?߻׻>bepa˼GRbeisia er9zn''ϱ???Ib>hisuperficiallybvious,oralCDN'snterfaceesignchieves08mportantoals: TransparencyЁ0/b>orkith unmodified,configurandcawhIeblientssers.}Consida@lnnmpl𤷤[11259719],0ichn,iRL2oqTTP hB'href="http://nyud.net/exa./code>''%301273]ߓIh0waadopؿ@wnQPsu)iQ Ns placcesس ``9diAcXfCublishi?bv۬lpud8dyicdP (+wi3 e)AnPIچ 5 b>_yenvisPmanYim1eAy `:HTML,qHtyp1iAо8feployѧsobegQrex ˻mcr8i访g1AOl*s,4techniɵ`cludPs`browxʶ @ht-ck +rԌrؘ1n4Qeaxvail.heangCm(xgrųxfrworPlikeƚxfox0Gonkx{798387 >21wqOHd@loporae-specificavascriptodehat,ncenstalledysers,anipulatesite'sTMLntent (usuyProugheOMxterface)heneverccessit.reasemonkey sororalCDNclurosutomaticrewrinksxor@rPxmodifyrltoooltip؄dditional|@RizURLs.ׂoaseengrpdirect@onumbofli-sisoftwareackag0podcasting. Tmo(e x/؋ e1aH؇z.nem`tIgkorigioceivɌprequ,utspond th302(a.h@canorkell nBflashrowdhbheadgч-sxp(d0actÈ_Gsuchω2beohXďrluIa Ȁfew figua.ƞexample,adynam!rulqiAh<>H_Still,pYcrafcXfup.ɡؑbd* c`೐۪Ӑ*proxXthushouḽOIwisaWhloop@`c%0m(alطqihprXfrom(ppenٺ9{ԃJHreturrerrorHf0(und)װװװװױװװװװװװװA0ly,PmearhsurA%deploymca(1cursiffway風ifxttsubmitٰlotÚdӄomain.e0dRؼ٩Z)onp**e axissue8numbl1ppXnc ߅ߧoffe 8ǾDzDzdzoDzDzDzDzDzDzDzWhiab P00GBsnp@:miniP!on.xrri:bpticularh-tr:߱߱REFERER}hdot\.orgNC,OR]ρdigg\.wqgsXίOOOOOOOL0OOONAOOAmo XhabPdtools8atnitloa轈bȵ21{himrtw Yӟ_''''Ϻ'''''''eb۷qam2echniPl8ragȘ(yourc"壉f0aѽfeedb0,(xppAPIgq|atrol XhowϼThء.ƸȿwdcludeX-b0Rpe`ahi1s(qPeta-dataxopecHxe͆meexcD/lihs (p(5.2) ѿiɰ8dardwwwwwv24" align="center">

4.2SecurityndesourcerhctionExiesavnlyvsupportGETHEADquests.anyattackswhich openarenfamous24]jsimpXnoeasible.Ƒxae,liȔHan1toOSTasswordbrute-cr.ЈdorONNECT,thybeј(o0spamsMTPlays 0hge Fromddsineb`ggbHTTPSdeleallooktheaderThe `vide minimalpplicawsi>eedHi؟iroalsior0vevcea(0nt_Gצ?ρF%'haؗunexp؅sncePerhapsosAP ly,nmulti-1aarYuremp*wlY7sia7quslow.ewYromly-s82URLiri`aHTupXmyoIaygainanigӄ,1muasam؁thashtarpitsspу*ٲ0loIhdd on,0caBXdlЍxit?;bآӔfigpllaowȨAt1xFher,/anony(lahաXtswRuni UP-Ag4.2.2Cx!exsouh(ggh4oE'ajHliزaggrehePRysH `lopXr-shamec0ismbalaX u)betw!(yweiscuf[5xgHmonitF-sgkeepslidwi8fusageHdoykprG*umbx(mall)zypic(yҡ 힊XIhQHTTPPdHc@(h 4.1):y botylpa9'#h@s3(fH9ة ђ1onotabeǾaHoxdxtYposecPapp-5绳cle ext`sswords睊GET?wwwwwꜧFWGo ȴмЇB#nʫmaximu٥50BٞɸeTJJromо)ƮIvoistribution,ragmaticoalheneployingoxiesnniversity-hostedlanetLaber.eoundhat hattemptoircumventeseimitsyHtCont8-Lengtheteedi0on33]Iresou`incas0bwidth). 4.2.3B}domaiioffloacurh؈h4/׆GG"jify___t YtxglobޜrHac(opecifiorig0ameEac8yhgularfetc reeG,@(calHnoX X, @ȡSpre:CoralCDN'sāfrom!@Yuse.artɤBrequ(?bypc82followreas8ߗ琿?ǖSu1phНb>xb#haveનcern(Hwilnf@0.f؏oappearscrapNpub`m@crump@8xnaP1`ifpc`8xunm,eeb Qy9tocolauȬ`ciQgY(PS-HTTP1500)YorY0ЫjPsSLȃ׺id@xk include KubѮoooooWgg/g7OgPMpyhtiol◫TΟOaMCAake-dowo@rd-ptrr ؃mrmayfo8dŽawa8iedts(ariomitigxdysxpliwhieeҦeu0ܾ R`ੑc Zesh.Ϡ濘removzhLrx*ev 0Q/top2`yWatuh8go1fHndlflahcrowds,aivi"long-vailabilwwgggggggggCircum!-rH`So8edii?ӠDaP-(,Xe<"c лfixrerم"侼iommfhiacademicnalxAye XuniP@yubibx.utpPxXPte1would blx"lihc.sGGAwws1wwwvAwwB9floapoqcPr۰unne8en g`secupme8łnetworksj1y.e doy1 䫘,gsaddXstPard=@u-cretOIP 닒)ado9ݰ0youtsxowߞa悐pos=0803786 ="FN4(sup>45 WeidncounteromeYepngttacksn X domain-bas0bllists,kinQfast-fluxetworks.ndversaryredynamicNSxcordsoranX {atod\Pd(ftarget(anlinade1jxnal).Ԃnaturalwasotχ)yoCDN0n cesu:fudownlodr(qorig*.uch0circumv0ihniquould2havyrkif_nicheceixyrs sbove)8 9Host33)].?????24c0era%h3ž$0'"left* siz+1"_Y4.3S)(@fl2pϣϤh3ׅ礏ǣߣ㝀uy'HviawerPI rvi9ntu`ely,h9ousm!ҙWebSaOkPoHy (SOP)LpwgBrowssm(threeurp(1)Į0pec(Awxe9retriafyHrXPlv۬epispw&ac layЮindi Q2ThumandabrzadPiQlia((e.gIe com8nSLxceres(3WWۦpiesecnebbj#ir`/'ף_X76ЏRscripDtruḃcpmod9bKtp(ipu bok,wx,Pdo؀ysll*oﺂURLsiaXmlHttpRApsa0lh+beio`9on@xdtweu)beloancai[asi6eachs'ivXmkep@1exa.ɟlsoivQrudptP (suGoogleAdSense) easip *k)u2paymvydollabhrog)((: i.Unfortunately,anyebsitesowageookiviaavascript,oQmationantill leaketweenoralizedomains ptherow.hisappeftwithout 'sledge,ssmmonlysePURLH[.tld sour隐`hexplicitpaōgo)es
(Yi'"`v)meorig2=cHTTPspe`adfԛ Aermds .>no:i(wnGG.ɉtHTML 5,lashPvarioust)[6]"bme8diPpH~r-佉unic+oj806144 id="FNsup>85L8IY (bh2G_Unlik<)erYi piactpoverloXd poorbehazã`.urّ-yxmsgrBnetworhb necٳ*revenue),B#Rf8Xㆊlimp .h@ZXb0h(dse@xOOOOO8GGGD3GGGGoGGGC.1DyܗǗ3ϗߗ7>Gn{oO`eP0non-crPilu "cep‘uxكposophh0`on'Țj`ؼaci(velysblly髿g֪2FCidfollow,Ron,AushrtruqtorPhatinksohird-partyebsite,rivingsuddennfluxfeadersreviouslynpopular 1.serpostsxCoralized"3e/(acomment=portal'story,ovidJnlternameanfetch contP. Seve(cenariorssibl(1)Ԉtxorigin heesxavailafo(anyxyownloads (2)CDNiyrcopy t,utquerhofxntexpiryimepassed.n(ttelsubsىHTTPGresult`iluxrrors3)r,8 8agaedÄߋyieldn itrf.GemploysifІmechanism*Xd @seޔ_____^0___^A__Cacnegat!iceds (#1)b>may (with floo@\pinacceRL,.g.,NSolutios,CPnec8@ouhp.ƏSXuRxim0tQa (ΑczabXpedϥhrwis boŎAir֞XsПencur8exhaon,lashrowp(dةږqWhiɝlso08be sie+19],notPHrs(dopex(Ho"pplic*-ll) m°Pabili(issu6llceswbyea8>ة;s aةeǯǯǯǯǰn8fx᱇%774Sٷa`ffay`2geeLvoiplacg:baA~obeynHpecifix2h,oj806586 id="FN9(sup>9׭ PmndiX (If-Mop-Sis EvxifransiюweroidifieЋowoshouldOvxp(6?khbilitrspec`itoy3Plт.kamaiGR?byturn! [22],P?see ahhtgoalTv  rusponusqsym-葞Z4urs, @Xdx xu irthrough max-10TДyamp(Hli٫X1gohn'roxys : Ma 菀Bimvem0ossipN8Fergc%ooo0ooonAooDecouٟXXhpeXncih>imHmjBۗfߋ@X1.wea QHdǢQQyaumb0tasks:upHɏɐruJ `tؼistopviduco(s (1,NS(HT) rࣩlnewxw y0,rhdcɵ admiȻrol)ȨltPermitʽ8nectxtyngnca(outcȨ -beg`behaB塚ȃq?Yvop)wmaLȃCorپapQ⅘rvHvelHapQڽdtechnisrom-tolؔFMG8todurye,\`-9(eacrras@)tiPell-)ruXهxdooooףoh3left߭ߣoH="+1"/5.2))subscrib8b0鳷12]).rtrate-sraffico0eventnsiQ8gesdoneBitra! BCo`CDNimarviservicewebsites,os8clးwehallocЅi8ayhatopqsomeo:of fairnesscrossjcusthrmai(Qtrqgophlflasrowds.hechniqueQdlopisorHroadPapplicablHp(lanetLabfedtbeds:P2Pploymheu(suneQwithxoury(,multi-tenadatashsetween(eir ᎄ @omcixИenvironusBilmodelch95th-%Hage.
F 14: ReHspnumb403(jecb؍ߍ 1AP­ɇ-Ϡ8eveidiᘈe8case,8IpracI 10,pf~eaPday,x0lyskewhworklsreat1iȄne(sarc`n. 67189 !pow`ot`rǐƆIedvI (solip neHdriclearxhɭA opula>mδI(aamilYouTube)2.6Mwhirew(felfZipfPkan. (N"11316wperm:usURLt.)ǑM''дinRaV7,maniscиs(i.e.,iXmdmissron)A7hogSt,uld9]peakksteady-st+haviallowOHg=pat7/777o77Tchi|aimȟRproxy aeShalgorm3mp(aneous((1)`Prd-up9򜐋3X`f*!00BQ), (2)⢠p`exp8qr HpSy(49(37e4.`etИtlichysuh1/k-H?΀hau74IgoodpoȦliz0(=on-raPxXwynІ:ؾOv8balanb`de- wDur“-Xx!IJorbyte nsP)CtIlsoln'ᴘag'PHaP-wZm((Inuzk0q}(supF8Yai\ -6Jn^ʾqn.7707Ɋ0izsorPrt<ׯ@A˟?ushoBracked;durabxsto,{p-Ificurؿ|0/er`oHYzero (3ddileewayoitesxperiencinglashrowds). Whenequestedomainsvertsourlyudget (case 3b),oralCDNroxirespondth 403 (Forbidden)essages.fnadheypeakr "y-staxlimitalculd3allss 126nGdireccltackɄyorig8!,p'temprimak (elfnavailablenew݋s,hichouldej8any.RPCTTvjevelzDHTИHybл///׍/h37?left߼߈'="+1"/)5.3Manahgancearh3RunnP`subscx@(loym0/yel Xechniquӯh ncyWPltLab8rviIhisk,ePCPUsometiddzHfficpkelppliccanaceotherformanjitterndrolongedelays.hesevariationsreotniqueolanetLab,theyaveenellocument(acros8etyfettingForxample,oogle'sapReduH[10]xokuntimedapclusrycess4536 >3argescawhe wevamomogeneousomponsequirxspeculXre-exx}work.ohrecly,tudiesa؂ 8AmazonEC2derscdPwhЋvirtualizpsAvidew_halles802153`9. CoralCDNawihich?ǖmostrikPlyxiency-sensijself-organizǕ„DHTierarchasas@nodH9bytTT(A"Huldoi.\o8minimumracz(85%)membH@belXifithresho0(30 H(@l 2, 81). '#73434 >Figu15YowsↁRPCtw:;,rokXdownIs (vertlinadat 30m8291sWhߒhgorp acХ iroa8!xp$sPi,heavyail iCDFs鞐ar0ul1%ᇨ82ran 1cond,i?9.Nux!oncurr@duړ9o helphmask`effectAЉYlfroms@deployIrneȔstabilip➟_ZitransIfolX ruʛǛs0ch)amAr (h `ve)6onife!70z.nsfбety5n!box9ory.ɸ@Bdbar(o r'hkuta,eas remaiXBeag22`hyAesi~scilQJmumкpiPlyxx*refPreS=izsԱX;coinxYblaLab'99386 >26" AzHug8210`0ȭPfȪr"Bamboo03191a24fc ᾇ%1%'#imndex0143Image"/׃?ߤ16A6: CompƮ0accountqIupeamffic,Grnon- k۪'rouHTTPgsb77777ggggh2owleft_tz+1"WQP6LBCt1?oih2wŷ/߷߷W:grow8(0oYg2cloudtIrviincrynnird-frauctP.oby@x.peiscusomHenef὚pplicvisi.٣rol кHlay.׾Hirsttsnd:ЅZ")spefine-gr0@8ftin)cribeackl)ault-to8achng(adequsupport׫3bquoteidth="0em">6.1ExposingnformationndxpresڀHferencescrossayers eceytricsha@ssumepplicڅehavH.ndeed,a2006,lanetLab@grailyimitsnod`Ȑ vi(i..,sli).he y80%f у 17.2B/dayromaxIHto8ub@ter0kYlqicaps (u*LinuxHihrcalokBuckexcheduler)1cof-m(Xepochs.Figure 16how;difTherecordvalu)qweek!SeptP,9he9atstcу50%9hYyblem`u /a le,pirensqcollecudata(r-se.ω808298 id="FN0012sup>12nonott?sdCcompeZ޵`iunՓǽoooooookargu48tiAD.irss/,ortre8,sir X`heap umpaXhne-0dahY蟸ime.xPappPosh1in8 OHxnxЁٓҟsdlytl. specica󔏔J醸rior)gp(yHI-㞰ko0end-yĥSh;wczeAYurn۬iqtenaN w9jcIdcaoyp"ΣCm⫹:DVM聨rho,[94719 >4]io systefocuhrt-mσq`dchedubx'Cxl psboutcoarse-XinVM-W.ur,ina؅longw=W.laLab1uniqe;1mercicloud-u3hAmazѲpR០ngWoʩpur(InlaunrCWatXviJune9I-IgmonitPz[rc basH140 >1)xu0þ٭߯ol$bfulonYdeployɪwpHOharrss (pe.gt),palsobo oinimco۲hbomeI95th-%8sc0s)blockquote>

6.2ProvidingupportorXult-toleranceA raleliabilityssuenoCDN䀘totsootsppQproblem:Ԁnitiallysolve+dRLthoiknowledgefystemarticipants,cli'srPxactnon1012namegir8the .netiin!
etecynd suickp1ure,zsx iQcoPYhtnjoybma@0ex7i>.oRegacyXiaularxy.gbebrowsۚ-`mĔhhv(rtatypesYreќHt@kS1OrigPolih[9]6canithؕAat .G%//?F/W"$obpe="?chPenund chslimAppXPxon-lay ,specasYatQoWQٓ-bas٣ng,(Psiiex(,clu:(1)yHupdr reflhɇ蔷viara- RFC2136?<801521 >36B, (2)@nouncnycah1BGP OSPF,I(3)ssworkbeen@d?8(OHARPpoofHVIP/Dxloa`aȚs)PP-lX9̃=ahwn uYbutozmm"`LAN`vironm1.άsugȂ 8 w Lyil;har`ohtry;䨐1hanxva7w7__7___7__XDeploymshoultri`ovidxrod؝)@x8iriceAmazHEC2laPhEl0`XA^Mar2`,zexamplh([xyxVMzTfurrؓopJbI@gofut艧F24Fc ergc%oh2"0"leftoo*lsizh+1"7Cl蘒(LookForwardȳ''h2/?煿???״??8OutrotߍoIH:mix`Hsage.ePaadop6◰sfuY-cephoww!r0pAPIs*B11itufease-desເcurW"th8a:iقHsuff,b:@erWTha`aidt鏱i"diff Pquٽ8whegoosXۿ8I-scaco0 єT@maiti)owca:r@whback 8ybo8unmocliaD.un¹PuQo1seemXrud*t g(`@inabi%end-to-8 check8;nowY,{n򄌛F !iodupm]rnSoxf ropp1heoalfullackwardsompatibility,hatinimpchange!uldetteruppor(orepen,lexiblenfrastructure? NaPg.>oralCDN'srovidedayЊindirectionorosqtwooosely-plInet vices.1t,neĂ#ehPeachfdi9ȏhnjhtyyimplyя ogeth(iomȇiWhithiechniqujnotafend odaySrig@PolicPhow`4.3 pPstXx|n1efaulcur!p.ƊaarticioqHwithn=,Mhspec (anh)ts5prequdsuffixi.tld.*p瘍24[1% imgPcex014JImage"/'167Fig 17: HPerA0Pupheamess`sfihpeers varioulralevelsen regron Pused,)i.e.,-0on"Ⴠilofrom.atas c!s 10-@h dDecemb919, 2009Ǭϕ׭ׯׯ145ϱו߲ߴߴ߲߲߲߲߲߲ߕ8C2ђX=hwehWW$ (<=0787664 )adilob@ѷIsؔvalrrespotochit 8hn=߿߿߿߿ߧC!gњԷ4X`full-fpgmBabpe;QuRb.heyaHfree8IreturnoHYa.fؤrogramm c|ad y {d!dctly£cxom㏲XcliPs (e`)dd<{scriptD>8Xlay1SOPickas𔹾 irgbehhDNSas)o)videdelryiasnasol8Hx0HTTPtocolsupporend-to-8󼘂 fi ۜ8 50 >30I].`)t,arowxXswoulPufficdeploxuchcuOσH1278H5KϯϾϾ߿8׾׾׾׾׾׾׾׾׾׾׾׾׾xFine-GraOqrol#A }thpa0驽 nProau@rshourussos.Pp priy"rw؟ڎ`ēYinimhattempt@ǮbeȖo.eПo(sub1؆wa oHokeaxefȃs.or,IxiuAa  size-f@-sach@xz,ehangedheefaultookupolicynboutalfDployCoralCDNroxiesinceeptember 2009.fe-questPcontentsotlreadyach@locally,seonly formsithinnd0gQlu`rs (level 21)e actingorigin.or[undXsuchሬ, Figu17howsڋcaghf tm!atxssfiby diff8҈fv.83658ice  hbehavi@comparotradiْHglobD`ategp1012%WQhaeenwqb-0whifhighhit isYbothc|./*808759 id="FN0013">13CDFmedian, 90ȩ 99ȵ-(rؗur-loجchDec 919,), ̹On>iduִf ve-sePimebw1AWh(haHxsu؛samsHȽPlanetLab,'`習i)self-organizhi(ѯtb*padiscussmany0scuritavabilrfault-toancProb`ness,~mosifhnhes`ceɿаLeedaddsiВyeaeployq.ׯAli QlPonayТAXmola p຀K!Xll>Acknowg9b>ageful1Daazi賁Qttribu&SټP H卲alsankarPeʽIamCIao蚽owud9(frojpRIS(byNSF op.gre #ANI-0225660)Ҵ8Award #0904860.ƁdˆzNDSEGƔ(owshiMinSab@0ǀh2︑left߸߸ߡz+1"/Refsh2U-22o![1]AmazCloudWatch.aws.a:m/cYwY/"> a2S nnap9d@M.ʓǭjĒ.hark:ӵ0fHviaxcang.n NSDIACMԵPCompuӯ, 21(1)8003.

[4]G.anga,.ruschel,nd.ogul.esourceontainers:ewacilityorEmanagementnerverystems.n OSDI<19995LlauCao, Fan, PhillipssS.henker.ebachingRZipf-likeistribution Evidenȉimplicaڇ-INFOCOMG''''''''6 HBurkerossom(rammmunĐ`thgtifi. ACMranCompI؀s6(1):5181I88OOOOOOOO17ۻLehLevLewPXgrahy)ns鞧d d(t@s:ϐ̱itocreliqgpots!(orldebTOCw[18,rolM8ulli.FC 2965:TTPt agemImechs@'[19KumhPo8HCeȱDanzi0Millх1536:!m`DNS 8orsugg(x ǽggggggo[20LedzG`fSeltzYNetwork@or 0sYwild______g1LieuaH(BooASund8oxGreas@nkeP [23]P.aymounkovndĀzires.ademlia:eer-to-Anformationystemased theoretric.n IPTPS, 2002.<φwwwwv4pV.ai,.ang,ˀrk,ҀрPeterson.ԅpd idefwebnpenroxy'siewuHotNets325†S@calejperBnceCoBlitzarge-fiPdisPbuserviceNSDI6'''''26#Pietzuch,.edlie[MeltzerupportingetwocoordinatesplalabWORLD5'''''27!L1215]. =="1" pπόόόόόόόόό27531ό3">3ԋvoidvercountunpopularomains,e`ot0hangeshenabsolunumberQ.2[ a`@riodsesominimumm, i.e., for 530@andmz6hKdEOoOOOOOOOOO494504">4do!addqeyncasewhi originalmmfronP>with؍tefixh ubsYynxaccn-cachcxC.cbe pdltypicallyyark͟ yable,AhavQaxycluderlicitspeccliY{tip(G@open\ )ߪߡߡߡߡߡߡߡߡ߮496235">On!rgsituXpuIP-bdt(Ap49abilityyhimplelayer-3nt-eloadalanc.ut 0@!@rewxm#alsomiIinidu0loP:cpriacredpiȈbcؙmunІautiz ac嚘0dce`r@IH`7!li׶_7526186">6ӱȲbecadtisbikedSenPafraHQpar;cu)Cird-Е(A8tg"ueBR:!KbelongiffeYOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO53387OJ7">7OØXercDNkaHIsusceptip{ttackyesetop-llecxropXoP'@ufP.nJOerofigu0,owxdessRSʺis`nppaڳshipirٶqPظi SiYicee.gas!ׁ׃)throughNAMEcorxhDNS''''''''''''''g''''755865'"8">8'acpprof`tsobjnsp`ia <scriptthuafic)secur`t!9roxi8ou@eploy*mpa minimumxpiryiȎsX (fivenuP) do1gnize No-Ce sɦ.µportpok,SLridg,0OST(manfkrivacyncernsssociatedithachinguchontentrellevJ. =="1em"dthR 2]mocdidlanetLab)okelccoun99128433ԭeraphlsohow؋bdialatnre8;a=SHi12(u!|?> h15%-ܐierײrsizp+1"ǽb>Whānau:ybil-кXDibuHashablb׵h1ߴϵϴChrPLesniewski-LaaM8raKxhoekOOO__?ooooi>MITSAIL,ambridge0A,SAAb[gOOOOOMu aov0RtocolBdts (DHTs)at!ef.ciH(d ongXaHȟ ack. u ssociطnecsetweȹ(buildZen $lookups.umbPZs؃l worko8noffP'ser@mancPinkghonhddo@an!ell-̋yn7uolerp(OI(u/ logN)uch ChsXme(adva(m vi large! KmakitX|benyſlx_/idearomuctur`www)a√HriH@ode.tntroduceshedeaf layeredntifiersoounterlus@ingttacks,ူass)SybilhallengqforreviousHToandlUsqconstruct8tablelookupsovykTantimSimulationesultusocialetworkraphsromiveJournal,lickr,ouTubendBLP,firmahytic=.xpm8 @PlaLabhaXtocolan4st. 1Ih2}''"jify???tDerpzsymҘerreulneri_ck,hichdvaryreatHnumerfalstio.uenc؜x3'sehapr9].hihm YarhrXnicwheӇKYPpi tmessagamongnPsADi8ibuAHashԝj ()4051 >24TunderlianQer-to-Ae,0cau!Y(oncommu`)ltoge@GG38403KG'">Ifquthorit8e׌hgenuinXHn ydardp`ktechniqupabeo)s29486 >, w51480|Howت@{茈l(rsyhibve `impracalead,ئ JǓ.807O!53I6G333 >87287 1/432ߝ745@`)weakypmkinQagcȸa)ompletedϦΡMaholv npb韨( nff,ur enۜ_relizespiyrAWckϷϷϷϷϸwBǰǵFǵToH,(uild_\񎨀f`0idu Xrtwe@peo ()dm1Ѯ`sonȰb09neʭtrjs0poab cusSP~hips.נesa83ipakeepPkt8mmedinqboriut0ovR8YXȭp OWOOOOOOOOHA70il;crec: (p1)dain CPϟh.ηʸnotit@uiȚǹ3ԖXi Qul0 wQqsHjHsaApKiousϬ]"as_m'1a"dobahȶ;Q38dkȌ)scut"ŵO hPs'ϥ'''ϥ''''''' Ic0tex"aߐԍ1*'St(rup¯–/whisadHH.up 鱯euwfPkyrwill cognL}value.g.,XHdata «XayplǶ¿]quBˤ~bHclr񅵱舊waт-ꅈsXnlfounda7c3ingalsenformation (e.g.,hat(eyrelo8toarticularey)Qenterceptihonestodes'ouqueries,ndespondqwith nouchrelaysndlessly.nstructuredrotocolsworkyloo`gossipJmoprobuagaiP1 attackbut(ernce8ice,quir)line timfia. ThisX's@ㄠri)Whānauh>ٟkfromoprɲprxin8tigehab10iscusseneX ruڔςF1?24cr)ϱ%h20"leftױׁ*s="+1"'!2Rkh2}'?Shoryafusp-to-Aystebas0hP*ttack`ogap:gcur`ɷmwu30534 >9q, g2206 >16_3840X3W599P[.umbechniqu94841480haveeenoymak!siXIo1xԾx , such.ultimxഈ0fy!aut81Hdmiss@AimiWntX''333731, 3]. Severalesearchersۅ32432 >1787690338741 >5rohedsingocinetworknformationo heer-to-Aystemsgainstheybilttack.Ԁbootstrap(hodel]0troduc0aorrectnessrit8ecureoutYaandntPliminarrogsPward@hatoal,uteftrobBefficiP9tocoHnpenblem_Recly,GuZRLt764800 >275386Shavehown (yusefamixwromalks Ihؔs (se)4.1)QdefeHenJdڛiz8t.՗,hot@ceor@s ablyccep‘mo@O!(logb]q(:qqfirwp)uil;xDHT.W=784 `="FN28sup>2Fig1:h>verviWhānau.ETUPbKsructHȿTtXwhiXLOOK者qeukeysϑϑϾߑϾ瓟h2oQleftt0="+1"3Goals٭Boo()b`?:intɰov@smnodes' Pparame(s (e.g.!-valuAcords,ocinborsnΙߙؚoٿeap.fImplҝoohaseayu(lGG(E,y)ݽ@ f*targ0`zbw3ǝ.1Sario?<3?׵׵׵׵׷׵>We?כwiHitamessag(IM)pplicon$weav9md PlanetLab.videsendezvouserviceorheMlients.achsdifiedy publicey,ndshsinglelf-signtup(,ur`tPddress)ntozDHT.3oЄanhauddy?:OPK InuHm8mation,runWhānauodhi0stoӒrecord,ap s0actthjTsocialQborsqributw (Xthexaq,j<-valuلsgeneral,mayeqarbitraryumbk>fȇA.)؏phangpdupdaˆ/{newhTnepnotinulvailab wCofflinaᕠ@ubsta@fr(YhonestRȗ@ז anyivimeGGGGG24ceri %h3Ɨʘ,0/"left*siz+1"ga3.2Seit oalOOOOKUPxj h@1baPѝop,spiatpdpboDSET>Q(J4r!Hdefini mecis????????dz??">1]l!or9@er`έpaiqincludaiffȮforaldy`Thupu9vijZIXeg:gg`should dxlcs,byYsp0fi;also48me.ɅqorthogonceP ppli:JIMhfilbad토0MsPae 0IC뻏do;inidApizԷӀXcaI(velse YfHѼdsuXourcznsmit'wG3PermaQ1s?G?O?_?w???>Sihyloo>Nolinsocinetwork`P(effic[8]y'sݿ(fwT,HkMBbogusT.owe`2exy@eZۿtargetlrouxSG@Pvea#pDIٽ onext+3#wiXT0ǿ¾@hiJ߼.ntu2aѺhpartk9 (YXy kup(g O(nxi> ime.Ǽ_f">Onhe(rand,nownne-hopHTsreeryfficient equiring O(1)4utotecuagainstSybilttack.uroalsoombine؀optim؇cyithrovity.X킨hofolipfairnp,eelievatn'nbhwidHconsum0onhoulepor9Tdegree (i.e.,ighly1nectedsUdooworknasuPpacipants).ht(siщXadaptānaudiffer9iebpap@asa.4Defin-8of蕠GGh2O͇_ww"justifyt?9Likevious[4800 >27A, 53869],r隰HerteatPfoci8nets.Ԝcrib:outlhyuseful,dɁ Hmeana1ndsgoǏOPmgcix0148I8Im"/g6owϖWPFig2:ђ08ߧ`h c0(1dashd)PatzefromoÕregخشawell-chsincAdsa(c)rewseudonym@ill_3奔.1Fast-mixϰ3ϰ'Ϯ?ϨϮWϮ>) niigraphXo{know!irmmedibor@829144 >Acept𾀷iA:inȪ"ؾܔ iᩑay_lXntitPȃz7e&ndbeenn7de}̂x/H]z+softw egrityas(commisbQXsryeϿ'ϾgJFik t1numbhOeWhānauHcor sReJ!,it`erma򹁂Гႅ_Intocootobloutruct)orreeclic#@fy0swampRLZffv7w7w72dth="1em">Sinceeelynhexisteofparseutoinguishjhonestgifrom"Sybil, alsossume(a`heres noWt8vid@'&i0wo.iveptborm npanderraph.ŀ8famix8hicheans㈨horxwalktarш#anyodilluickapproa`9aryribu6].oughpspeakXenzk1!PnePrkithXbaitpyl1'segree.ԑЉimew,aumb 0p׊;muptak0ok0smoo Won.or =9O1(log).@lockquot/p><eight="0/> 1%TypicmagnitudDescri//Vbarbi ≥ 1Odsym (W4edgׂׅ2דWJO k /okeyHtor@p8(virtual)Z7? (/≧wttackwmgȕdex00077"HIe"/gNAgw/_K lo7ז%/ǜ2p"U0ign="jifyBhT1:QӢw Ȟterssou(ysis4cen 26].ecaiHiCnothhi`ividȌdPreooHX3bad,aureatȇ8;deq@ly,lyJXha~bʡ'ϧϧΠ*ϧϧρFϧSom@nea!oӔWhavelaxb9ensur ir=Pnelo^pviewrapho锝mYinform.Ҧ?ar r?mik9escapyљregAPse`,i`[xlookupIع,,xadvxarybHáo`@(c9Lucki%_f-Hba`xnU-meaw?elsewe.o(gݼ(wK׾g׺׺׻'g'Idistribuq,poБxrlandnigh-degreeodeshanowes.o dlewell,achhānauarticipantreatoneirtualz24]erocietworkdgehus,oodomamplareistributedniformlyvpthAll*conqiresourcoDHT btain4level0fervice (i.e.,eystored/queried)!isse)fulieolicyX(Secti3.3)Aallocatingoth loadtrustccord؍2son'syfꆀ1Nj. 4.3Msecurityefini(ggh3o'"j`ifyt_Z833435 >TabH1ummarPkgb amestroductr.exnowHccinct@bur/(proty:ggggg 8__'_/G_Dvb>tocol (g, py)-Sybil-pofif,g@yntivedsaryupჽttacsHJLOOKUP׎׎׎׎1/2)58RF''3ogXb>2YX>Wwoul8ظfail9ω oth1/u:3;, gupehhxokupɾ<h_(saonψpЎsce-targeirs)O/O/߶T1prefrr,hichu$ydistribuŤd.ɁunimlXnǪǪǪôyeero;8 clda ҇wPR]ڤǿWǾǾu1K ǿǿǿ¢nalyzCohoXssum䠓mbknүticips.hānau iorder-of-u豠imat{mxandkjchoap0prisizixwalkngthIA@Q񅱹8ǴProvGfn'xȱ0cany@broken.gOu#iߏsoc( @irYëvhdȒ2pҫ2zs8cb0e0gȒSimilar/-ugryptograpP^ udpuct@. ȓ᳘Qouso(rny˧as PcPhDoP[GD05@>9]'Ivelɪ-ZزhtHTtotensitiv0oumbPXKidtieight="0"> <@&0%h21em"idthaDleftXblockquote/mfontize="+1"acPserif>5Overviewfhānau23]o_Π*WWFWSecond艒uildӚAt`sts?;iyAnbors'L.2reYto\ewithn09ownڂqime,in!e2^25992WWirass omD@oӓaphashunkeyQrdopdo(eve@.y)Ȝguess--ckўo.cho^1byp,menism(en0cl+srge1pecificqPexaHPiRdXsarnnea`!enPXflowLڷhotDrespiystoth(par0s@lXnPvelg܊Ɏfa߅ߍn,!3hav(euse0sPssaqӒbe@tuHoA/eǿǹǿ8繿2Strawrotocol'//o rPwwalkȟpmɻ-(9, si2yolp-'ol.nsetu6iti i>r =YOY(√km)Hd(qth-wʆociatworkp xeca-value@cRin@ꉑd#Racڼ߼߼߼߼߽߼߼߼߼߼߼ߐKpormokupBυulن;ɤ׹not:k(whilikX),brXcas哬˄1 ThetrawmanidestepsthirdhallengeyschewingdeDsntirely,utsimits !efficiency.ookuare one-hopjsentha!e Halat a ngleetworkound-trip.owe,!ceachdlarPnumb(ofessages,erfor0willecomekedband HPUadቻsizcalesByddዀucture,eimpr/ce. matoraf;V9suaayCitbhxploMal`Pattackooooo8cher/+%7h3L0O"left77*4="+1"5.3Whānau'slobΛh3ǜߜOIresembohrHTsho[24],kipNetON1188 >12LAKeliЂ0899`1.ike-٘q, u`sugiven,,ircu0 neys (e.g.,exiȂ&)k8ati`x9GGGDρȈυ .___zÅA8an(hy؆`i"jMk,2HIarc (Ƃp,wu)ϴϴϴϴϵv24oooWNoаcppPΘsunlisa(y?uo{p$xnaǻ0qhashunc.fohweugbymapҝٲsaryouldBgu-H-ckonӇ;xtweehػbohpstwJwarpdii񺸈yPmZdefe pure! rexOu9(ariIa;(minnl@f;Asψ(ۇǾmplidsomeMadhaa)cП(ta)KrequiBnsؿiWSs_____g'g/OgFs.oPNdÉroʔith fpo8,bti(l f÷ynegle`Z0i'.WPfollow髈perAمܤlay8dDJ (cbe)hisadatayp8k.a`'bjhtai`Oa(√m:᧫҅@dPo0êwis@eyGDŽDŽģ-valuecXmmediateêits. A@yendxrom lkHc8ez܍jf (!Sybil)aloZhir ?XSobuilرm(xȣJ?S6.1777777g1gggfAggTogeyB<2'Ǟc~Htٴg"hHIbaity]nenfa(X-hopookups:͐que@sagaOPpX1tarhnչ8llyoaveheeededecordntsuccessorable. (Ifot,ewptriesithifferentingerhould0ffice.)nontrastswmanrotocolbove,ispachsHasta(numberfag8on xr`nd O(logini)(whimay@هparallel)1worcase. Figure 3GtryrQownƜBډꌉ'sӃ2takm"+sof byl =74km;. Їe pyaxmctߥs,iti`-spp''''''''''''''g''>5.4Churn ETUPexlindic )FHkrBhalf-lifeapproxim6 x[18].unn1'' yxarfewnkeepclosIxsyncthwwʫ׫fiamoPlleng+OOOtAkeyhtdiԫW0usJٛWNduoQIDRǼͨJqhspots*ucc;#nȣa-rߣܴY‰qasnebRaavailQ)Өtspp@ PkIMЫhۮ*ysieXa mHhdy.϶bmayX@_n-specificls'xUn >0rvalu๡pȯan0hu:pO"Ya҉Qalwa `yisigŏ\7Iubq8IPQ`[#d @an!zrd(owner.օe 0i?8Fɇfieldhe(pdBtKeH-offt@Cbuc6Thehāanaurotocol ETUPcenterχ%gh3'߈~le6.1Swwr3wwwwԅZwwFwǒcedureakeachode'ocialonnCsbt؀key-valueecordsotopasputs, structsouroutingbles:u <(SxH;houldoccurheKnadresourcee.g.,uringthinkim'sHrمitzitidy߉,ʊtrusp׊ԅissu"6rwise Phow>A׋textߏbmmitqifyphenXalizout0r0.nlW`7inHengh(imm lexityPu noHte8freY_rB qab003"b *8ikLOpalabetwɯeٮcoHctXahkda>
Fig 1웈mar[his x1gaiѿnexwoȲ+.͍|techniYlgesieithhemplementationf Crom.makeSpeculve () 4Opportuniti&echniques __h2gMwRjustifyL Ihise(scribeouraysaКxc0reduce xency逐9IInet7)eso pla`howlevervfoit s.oge?????h3wבבנǒבבב.1ঢrefetchXGD3GGGGGOG>Whehstriggeravyw`ehan aIA,rbrx@do@Yirst, @JavaSptd`ssocidPPPdler.@urZdatٱalvcarhAweb8r@8Ona8t 8demAeewisyyou(p`ly߈rat P`een߳߳߳߳ߴo_owow' Pullacrostwork typx8esask, waIg>byvepG3I0mro-percehd4AƎa,pho geryɥiimap_܄=pPovoidynchronou9roug迸-H-bRn.o sidDHTMLGoodytabxnrۨ1044217 >12]hq0g`paneUI!Ick HY_rsAJAXyo'Qʃwcoᒩbackynam$IЈش8tre)oOMxe61941RmtrmakoӹOpV/lls <>Y.9S ()has@ediscardc.ȸ av| uؿmmsr@du:s (4.3)GLh4񖍌W"left??*4.1.1Speculatingnulti-valuednputs Inhereviousxample,npplicH0s iQlemewithhHossibleutcomHi.e.,eycked.σr$typesトgener 퉡8es.orGaistPctallowsbofvlp1soPhosen!dtextoxacceptrbitrary`aractus.ύmutaqfuncasЋketchvKHN`[argubsei>iCrom.makeve ()X  scopi currAbrЅ* fqa`e肢rurewritten~thaaϖahadowenviron.hisƅ䔨iUs,+reXa8ffeқ ٙڜgzt҅ui,Ń-definsaturtrɃۈTtagʟitsniquΚ٢ne Hhl:?`,avmoidomainL(r,uuy_ :\de mht,_e'!.fhaiǑraJag1safePmi/trt-Kequience߱߰籏Fig3 sQCV)ǥƯnw:Rautoȵ fYopcript.a`o.JavaSb[oi1046950 >219](irtwoHHTMLٹuttwhi0ggerdatbass.׵reIastbjXllpacMana H!rolYroces!dgq<ꉔinvo.S()EǩaewT.ϗ?typfGGؠsJAX³X3񌪸ocid㲢suȈǺh۹__8iy¶esear(stabif ǁίĶPllGNZd!ۿ.S͖'fals,dhouldطpeŲahi@Hŵ [ࠁlogicHitor྇2g/dnougٝUϯϯϯϯϰu24vcer񱗱%1%'#imgc`ex020*Im@"/σ?״16/*: I(ntGOh4ъ7"left*siz+1"ojb>4.1.2SepReadUpxesGGh4O________Xsomebpg ierqsieffмclifetchNewMessage () Topecul hsuaead/wriM,develxxplicitlycomposetnBorJa؂withp!tɏt.orampleHddromDecitHed(preexXingwd-on`download[5-QAR(Yу7'UsaefA,utbifiPinzrequetha35notԕ5oDžǛmteRמislag,ff0iy Xmit:e+Aϝ.nʟ>#ɢ1> condonȔyhe(rrunn1^;Ȣchck:Ptruy 퍪al.isSExubooleanF24Fcergc%oo1%v'#imgpcindexp0201Im"/?16ow/*Figure 4:akaOSTgveoooϊo׭׭׭׭׭׭׭׭AltghggWPmay﫧/,ف칟eavaScrip0Soiجv߼߼ߝ ș//W@exPtextgPnon-X(,g`plsJAXz*2newovxyJ.̹ȫB>ʅڡIуf!voiQ0_77777ߔLikygPrrowK,:'ersзcros's ({qapcre)Su{wiHstoulaiexpih3rolad6],0h-le80mufluous.owHsom${sʓq,zimsiblpoyw鼨g afB onAddpaо)ǿSExamplhPsuxsarioclu0mash-up ygg dites77776h3ou"left*siz+OH4.2Pre-ٿUp@`h3ż_x𫒷ll` h PencyAu{asľmailXatt -Aunc,ullu (HTTP)layT2tT9conpBc0a .״aþifi#:endthaimȹCnd.asynchronPtransfqh?Ɯ ;J?fshh(leaslQy-psగ?װp"epos=0968303 >Figure 4emonstratesowoakeOSTpeionpecul`ve.heebpplic implyegisters(relevant input S not(neechniquad⎀ealopr*ichli0GMail.'sntribu0;)aencrameworord"Mo$wns24cer%h3nr0"left*siz+1" 4.3SavyCliC@uБWWh3_oooooooohҜXnsscreen,brȡsPUycl(layoYi>rendng.ua CaxHdOMe؞d rminp(0arrangof4sFG dralaid-藂R|. eaagxnetchcy, A ƱhעZst0s ɴ`݉xxns xisib<>ag.0(hlhex`*frpoHwmeظ#fݑys`Tl dy̾XrȒ/Led-uۺdmѸiӉ׉ֻ5lqdisp,ay)Gcostavo.ԁsulja moo`rgP 77777OOOOOOOOOwOOWK4H̹XӇz///om;ueetxgea@[ٻxspikyռ*.s(cdmissjo__؝:)spٜ1cros`ime, s_pluspffeIicseak3].T`i?lrequr(hʶ wWUbusςrejȸssocremaر:vٜpapoȱexpl`3fury$techniQ ibbovtogewithriorith@houlA(pPosqopportunity}2Oz5Implemz7427O> +-꽊APIIbXݚory0regravaSpibrary.Ɓ(deyabil,h˼ytop.ɻYxsionj-ur̈́ߠ+ Amizneedpmaktrformant߲߲߲߲߲߲߲߲߲if">5.1Makingventandlerspeculative Crom.makee(Name)Figures 2dOM6025 >3 provisamplenvosthisuncI.GG11]ensu thatadin8xCR񯊑M+isomorphic' g'gg׮xDOMrethrootxdձna2ԁ.*N(ewhooleaX Q2Achildhouldcursx6W?5.1.2CſBrowtضз Toloneh`holerowhext,romirstpiesjrealOMree.+(nt(annvisib<iframeag,@stallingBdეootof'sdocumentLbject.Άopplicationap,`ichsefiq(avaScripts0globnsp Echaqfkossdiscover propertusafor-inloop 鈴window<eep-aD0/Clqtoitiympty @cspecC;. owilpr vV_\`yuxiPex`.addeyR?,thato /ulsPӑ/-hiddУ//)AsplahS`a5.1.4,Hc৙jߔߠ ou@ާeadx?籞24cer w%h4wi0"left*siz+1"!3Commitafep&quivallasses wǸǸǸǸǸǸǸǸǸǸǸǸdes@bH8far,haݰ.makeS ():ai>mu@`funJ߂8o` Csket7i>.41ݡ*o0viewtsem s8er@onelaboy!gڜi@rPZhipcBtabilityOOOOOogoo/cceplobnHspHo xreturani xr9nrGnu[p.a8Xaerfx߱؄դQat0 S$Ѕvid8 veniwayBltion oxpGAЊuXit-diffPϊ+(ingHloute.Əexampl&ceunc1@ Fig 3uldanonizeearstr@s blue\tbook5.1.4RewritpȗlersȖh4͖ǖAfHrex,romPYoeѠe t臫,.e.,PPGGAoriginwhiHiacwitwwnsteadelɧkudeoysavaScriptӃyZm.ns7 (obj){}k!erti``ˁpushhfrѪnaxolu2chain肿Lh҃yp<2nxcd~.ranglobdefinTǭǭǭǭǮoǭǭǰOǭ">0of@f\)̴sourШ@y toSB(method.Κal,lacC˓WƚQly$xe ϴgen(pdecWxeaCwileircldϵbt窏gϪTxϡndsex,pBst!osell.dolazily:ihy|fǓǬ1)variablecla ɪc_ten_f =.4Fe(f';,`d[>„GAp??'_docu+(di0ppl8ac !DOMreؙposhadow2oӶIҋn@affἿ+.isotnap qneWem7ooooooooooor>p maymP-sȵGG=^ouli>0sxpasQ_c?gǴs;Ӂ{py7hatXcks'#//IfcrezWR,lip pasthe with justifyhoGm(a="serif">WhedeletesaEprrtthonly@movesʁ椹{⤷oommits^mx`be dY Toc`shB,3P'te Hddialcollec tf6~.f_܄Lsi窗_eh49"left*siz+1"ד5.1.5Ex3Sh@dæӓbزh4 /יOOOOOOOLev8auncbpcX,Htp8lexicР䭨piȼsHor uaxzsubsequҵsolu1.n(tunlJ)ς̿ؽnotIrot-yscaXnJy0xqwitA(i.e.,n-e)rowп[Bvoid[fGC4uP5?nbjLI,z@/*Rc؆e炬܍ndar`echnisw7/߭''''''' sid<@ilepos=0987712 m5Aich'@akjаhlHtwoifferbutt0.urQϱex,ickqepdJqcou!C.ow,F.toStR()mXRturns >(){at(x++);}"inonf'^ind0*@scribPfaatuwouldrr oushlookxٶ{?/GG81136Пhgeng073.9.new,Id'Hmpgfpus@0array__EnviȿL0=qxex.ǥeaؿگ2cͰP5_cian__I<7gggg/g">7αKs0ͷXon1deZy`by2fE-alue!;f.؁is,@2⦆ionyddinghetatement varIndex = 2s ulv`ned,oacPhasЄIPnapshotf׀ialls. Currly,pBs`HinvoCromeun聉whireturn@eyox#g؂.CG (g苫-generX.ueers򋸅RwiuseexlalysؔȒ xY Qautompxly'''''24cerI%h3 0"left*siz+1"GA5.2CommHS?ӠٔHhh3 g?ac:tra!waFirst,#updhDOMre0oDnon-O,akpoi`/(DcOon'sidd@iframȧNheap.-inloopumpsᮛtŪ hZ spontiLre(;SmobT @new؀alaBurj)liȩԄeleIr7Grrerf////?????/?/?=3AJAXóx_gwwwwwwwwvTouppor! 1ults,i-sidrg(spi*methodsyeAdd(kex~YGet )xowociYϚ@wiarbir؄ (ni.i0grrow`c( ccebl؊ǙWdYxamplmodAdecimailL,:evH蟀l٧fetȜЋssage YB9k:two,downloadM(~markRead.ge 'ad-onȾherPPdbuhtݒ0ߩ,.g.,@JavaScript ra9atai蓐aae ڥ؈.uwhʋ?NYC0twr߇ǰ±@{u𷏷t᧧ױks>]doHnfi`i`Ix eus̹HhXLr@actu!igg772T??'nxSrequesymn qinh+ܶhسWWWWWWWWWWWWWWU4S?pAsdz׳An@yp0sisa fiinputonsubmit Crommplem`speculveploaaqx/protocol.n{developifiwhichinputhouldea׏(9.prePost (I!,back).ɗÁ, sav0a8fe(c:any r-dY-t0u, HXwillu`yowngggrtly.Pt@(cgE @UNj J(DwheQHleca(.Ԣ5crehnhsɤ,KinpnewXvisib0ifrp. mXdxcepe h؟HtAweIۦGAoriginal(succeedsSߥna]URLanapw#LcomhicachثZaA,Ҝcor`燵ed_psoJlex\troɒJbe`HJ:f!hald8ed Tl#associDprdryex0*havuALREADY_SENT:5.5Optimiz2sh3oncluPbs0Rwescrithreechniqu!reducA9onrhs77774.1LazyÅ{w4ϲ>Fȗxb eag i>fzpipan+abs@.huofferl>蝱whichbjжHxonhcopi"exjHA x8SintaPtypplmusm{t[, `L8XifaZ߯InYLiniti skDOMY Bvarirehedqn s./utpcȐdy،rewrunґ`st.owe(,hnowerformedsideffectfheewritingrocess.rom'sexicalnalysis ntifieshichariableamreferoos,lobJandunctionarxterXLRooteHclonx.trictlypeak,nYsayeUatre tenypeculativx`A;a ca0esdnon-ebjHowever  poinn(lhahmayipassQetwe(ݍ1….ovoidbookkeep@trackselowPsacr(eancormplem(sicit؋"whena؎XitHPȁI-usqtechniquqlyesbed.ƒ bZsuchiypr`xwiĈstn firstceJm. LazyRrodu @m tommitime(uppo@ʖ|Td Xcheckv.e0eissnyϧɌu@rxryot}*ҼQDOM2anwith__s^aiHxӝ뽘. Hnxy½qwhi;z.P߅oؾh={.p+LjǺxupd(ϒϝ8)/////פ///////( alsoiun>Bsi buȖm8:occueavoid{Qnstrue)p0applic;Ixme`gumbfd/诐Pvolu1graph, mae3ntechnid!8maXItur)PʑevalYsH豪makobvӯirst,uib)bemaj0@H(hlл uaf1@߫oгp.e 0ǨneHex@jallowoiI(Rir YA߹ Dury߬:)ᅷrepot쾂4w(ڙiuou³/d諀st-commit.romutomaticallyetermineshebjectreeootaprogrammerustxplicit(referencen:eventandlxtonsureoapxpriatscloned.ԃcanerform`isimpl@efactoringYmakIesafoununcheckedazyode. Third, ortan,ӌion 6how:of'senefiJiseispeculpvehwaY0Pbr@ڈxؑt!eOMheap~maskomomputonaltxbutetworketchtiofHȁ sHThus,fߎ toolow,(ꐯKpainfulzpaslag (not:zFig1).S ()5.5.20Z(shǡh4τšߢߡߡߡߡߡߡߡAnypifrmhY$totn2.imilarXCtoHggg衡 .̫ ٱoAfirbvOnCi>푳eر ?ay!viرxopd˦Hsubepap[!ua$OImKtimwi(onظb֬4withCbraڃ4sVkdleʇ1e@turbG">̳ Xȳ8<boAatirZmvisuحXplay.ƳexautozeZxge8660253n >ʑ"holasearhult lso8sI]whoirs@opaqqKN9phoE0كEFlashvJavaeWI XinvoupqRCren HetMinitiFeour; airewsmSinffYpQScrip0reasa섥tU0r@kҟoX?߼3Cextool׼ZhXsG`u: 4Qk:ar.Էyhor2i>fas mauY/X:du-pe@dˁcess18Ṡh2ߧߧ(4.1.1)80xypzgeneerstringuicklyײײײײ׳ײײײײײײײTyhronouverheadiHnewxca .c8tedY(N,3Sk,sub)h{T᪣VcasΧsfheurrentrowsernvironm,aggingachithsketvalueeneratedhen stS: UsoolsPX8irostfglonorzinitial.lazy&"id(dvance.tpeculationime,romindsnnuthaty鋹applic:'sƍk.immediplyPizestauhan@ssu9newGonOOOOO24cerq%h3Ύҏ407"left*sH="+1"oi5.6Limidutu`Workhǔh3υߕߔߔߔߔߔߔߔManyٝleprototyprise撡h,li-side`r*ru1slowavaScript0(insteadfaPC++΂)l.Ƙexamplwur#ophizdes(b@Secr5.5f iscovp nqcasecopyFS{wouldesulunacceptab! perforhyIdeally,s nvup9,8calwaysXheckHm9ou@earxcessPUؤPߩߩߩߩߪߩߩߩߩߩߩߩSUf)compenon-~/ ⣘дa󫰨ډmeas)9trafficcross0ltipriorzh7_8 wones.ur7؄cannotnsuXl-tw8 ixcHowep,oYH.max(N)tol p umbp8رIbirbyȷc7.ceGns(5/Axٍh.2,8aquwobjskehlash/ۉ`int@t{'T librarna Pn`cru0hٌ0recreKirTMLIؼ8reBinX񧭂`o virg0e)nhic+exI8𤗐voiis˿n˖6somkmi0nefabilitykrixo!opPd n-ǠǠdo leaPlor^0mechanism3f˝TXparenPoߊ@ewѪhair(GedmqregpsA, suyanalyf lgs;do@etrammar.ƌ ̇ MwiQPANTLR-drYr18]//dobviousPre|'㍍infrastruch2μҽ407"left*s="+1"oi6Evalu(Hh2mGIdlyrwbe;eӵtak9aeexq[hapGYdXrekâcH ٕarUhmanl.ntu`e!Yoftt9(e[(nXzbasmciultremoțp@cidayndrovideairomparisonithrom'speculatiAPI.hus,urvaluexploresheerformancefrealpplicZsec4ateodifiedoseQWehows ut overheadsreableinrinkime,BnanPduQ-Hceivpfetch 8enci8brdmagnituhunyisticetworkndi. O(totyp`aeenestmostsly ȎFirefox 3.5row.tIfuntyalsoώГIE7Saf 4.0.owe,1llixingtibiissu`:tset(ȏ 6.1P?9MA?s(Hh3MGThТvutole"g@abnagdownloadwebsآx̠PX; Figu7 a܂zmexaminedʒerɥlibrarkgsاp,)nXRusQae.ecimailPstxalonp|ititself,.e.idoHmb+TPXloM.tripp)fmpPhHraneouhipx,-JavaSct8d)65BIeane*.X 胛`HPw4600 AX4aual-3GHzPU4BRAMbȹصȰY aahﶫrounrsdelays1lldmeas$y-xibenefP 񫖻][pepty׈ep@iYax910 p1rdviwelesn 6%sew%߬ imghcix0202Ixe"/'16:0@f_t Ylopr.ǟY-oHfouro`ramiinn03(isp)bm7Ϲ׺׺׺׼׼05׾ߐ߿߿߿߹ו8:̟㶐 {KAJAX wWmh4!"leftoo*lI="+1"6.1.1CliXxh4ϣw$jifywwLr' modific:< ilepos=0001042298 >5](gdȬhul(zspectivk(RunnدhecklazyɺHhZrewrit!oheadWT5sxȶ,oeli@furrA@s7m. 14693 ևhow뵤f`questX!Lin@xhav xsyhronouslhUnpri ly,rhtooky"3ьIq,)+mixTݿ77777777777W77106"lt="Image"/>

6.1.2Mepicthepecu `'wrpplicHonۃ7344217 >12].ɂisxHim, g;P:ahildflosrentrollHbywroms8KЍ猛zonXWfюtovelyC:CNNoms,omplex 1700OMsx챗Gϗ痗眗breakinɲ|(ip`dotQline)Bdur߁ri.ԛblackarѶsȜ_unlazyaddi1althatouarisrunnj@HϏǦϦצ>U'%
:hen gxgX/wowpotalg 24s0opy-ed-upfa(1),0Oo sisamȜH3@al@&clevh(le@ir-defbjeRookn7jpnoutatowritdid!σى Qaximu4. ׵׵מGD[a tw(artHrplalypouraifev ()̊[ksedggfp΢ۇ*procesBoץXszn 10a:chaouYinoyʸs'''''''''''''!Atimq@lref (x2ġWmBGeVG95mhașakHlobhvab1dompo˜ҤO99%=T%generytliԿe*subnon-߷nhAlthoughKZnS, requirscndrahinvisiNNtexw .ӂOaw`9m)pite(browcHowr,Kavo ( moexpk) @@1W ayo鿙{ءE`ideter_ex𾁈jO$ns˩+jupdcRddedesshan 1Pohenherentostfisplayingnewnt. Checkazyode
:nis,romuiltamapeforssuanypeculationsd Ptalebjectefice@mmitime.Ԋ`greyars Figu9epi@se s,hich؅`idqaddi rewrlonblack.ÆtrucJqOp ook 158,adverallre-L182.lthoughB:0amortizabacromultippnaggaCPUhhgus @ailisacceptabilityScurimmdonotg Gp؄i.e.lhold ros1idu˚A,yd;.epen*Q@licډHoP/-mayxter)theground,n-^veavaScrip xnee cych.ecѐPsF8foxvid؂?t yield 6.1.3Autoletionidget __h4gwjustifyLWPTovalu@speculajoverheadsaawer21],embeddt!id;AmazonHgatoulOrԌWWWWWo矇矇7122709 >Figu12epict.xaminamfo隚s2copy evhpl&objewasxmelystaseca'&•DŽoplݏ5mutatpfunc1also hyXewri؆aap.owr,all2qu8o8ghlocostJavaScript6GlogicpfairpxGho stook 33 Sincoissu:1nPtQ[zoȑit`sǻǻǻǻǼoWߴWWIn heckptotal0e-`x?j114p,{oun2208eI`Hemptivcre'veoma (S 5.5.3details)i[ౙmappCadd 379makMArohib@49+Thu¼?;requiresуeqasibleoooooooooooohC˛j[`ilaX?rk.s 31352showredu-Hce qcyquyramXcWWWWVh3 l0o"WW*TsizP+1"b>6.2ExplorSwæYh3viou"xw@e93h8ڃte s of"ϴ0GyppxX%RypXonultfxheboXnoJidfXr (hm-reм0.eli#ivstraiwardB-desȸ.nunly,ooH79 abhdiAood'syenerRangl\CworXaxnst0evolvBpȫ-𾰋ȁXɄPdU2xzQGa7!aPI{t 8[lembybrer747777_77ace="serif">6.2.1Copyingheullpplicationeap Figure 7escribesJavaSptnvironmeoreveralopularebites7348619 id="FN2sup>2MSNper-sX)
,nceach vxh1privasfa.ԗ8pgerewnsanAsuwindowXewundrmilliseconds.wwAmazon,ouTubeandEySpfɩ!prohibiqIns,@in0duoS夸funcBclon(porq`hbothjnumb0Y JitXSo, xIough>>hPa(@ąP(904 xsus 894) tok 4m`0 y e>'sR,ut 11)dnhm7qϏGsequeٱXitopt1hJavaScrip ty:)t 200K@ipJFlashvi8mackalyagQadxtmWǔǺtinfeasibmaklazler@iRi-4aɼn''''&h4_e"left*siz+WP6.2.2eƥTȼpϼh4ׅ罏ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤTh0 (harPh`Cromirsxalls욊NQ(true)E@rootOЙ`rtrayp٢8Abas arel,f8`-It@ndl(deep'hu-defiYobjecPbeЗ2non-FvnX(howrecoswotepiwtV`iћɠHHndꌺJy(st3r8roHsHGdy:dqaggregȒ#錨sA8Wn,eautkm8 Ђbriv^`ӰڶeJ(247x40%reɹeb)altbh 100uwhchat񑇂

6.2.3theІMaphows"costfwwnariousebtes.ԇoverheadsplit`towoqts:trasDOMee,nd?8walkobjecore roxnapconxԃe(asuchs8aww.hes(om uldetXliall:nodesnvde <1>docum.EleYByTagNameR iڻqOؼ!yeeqeachG8w oojixto=ҁAi dRO(SP)SIRumb@ϨiX i>P߼>ptyp@muƒ赢tot,oAouHPri,xst20sߴߴߴ߮﵇Ǯ߮ߴSծ7𿱾dlbyldXHoweЯy1:lstepcJOSsarg8Ishitu*browiQ@re-Xd(gMdiay,putb8ens askȢ(ilepos=0001035084 h s@bX zones,.e.,henhentireOMreesopiedndneinserted.ithxceptionf CNN 7ReWorkȄ''h2/}>p&$jify??L:Fisystemstusrefetchoideketw0 ncy13'51265620 >20tForampl Padxab'lgormɋer-coll(ccAstؕcoenerO0pHfXc`aׅ75174Txcurrraf!HTML 51to` u Cifusw tbu<ӐО@*>ago?7492(:lFaXrfoxphsqFaut8hᇐcntnpagϜo374@1]A0NroHali`3crocgraphIhxr,ØYl/nshʏ-s9Jdynaɇ$_g`S/xzhasx۵dr1/^107)12h8parempu40Y썘Kenviron鿠ror warsib@incocata,iscwI/Ox)may!earaturesopurf?A`Pme;ﱘrS[aed淠r@ICresulp膑opɰ .hxprialsoz`wxn!assoHzscrrawso_ooooooooooh阍Linuxern416su?ZniԔߣAmQ72remQOnt2el yϵɐrHviuth@kXtworkckets Bу4inQdependefiRv!A po(hWaemarpnon-/rd`a ck.nwTamponwhihͩ͋ize>.owe@|)pplЂ.mod,H0 OS wwwwvh2&*0"leftww*ts="+1"Dz8Conclus(Hh2mGbpaЋ8hiwhy_[aoptimiztechniwebߪ˗troducAh-llPIroug sexȠ/laavaSptmple j;(ru!nUrerT,BAutomy1phhandlersopeculativeionsnduHthemnso edrowserontexts,achingothetchXdataRscreenayoutorat".xperimentshowCrom-enablapplic8caneduceh-ceesyrdPofagnitude,reatlymprov)eRence.‚(bstractawaygrammctails1We@i,:uccessfullowarxhoQrich,1-ncyeb. Refersh2Up-22[1]CHANGProc. 15ACMymposium OȘSystHDesXImplec(OSDI) (1999),p14`///׊2>HEيBYNASSU/.-HTKURRROPPW.id9Qipre-~q1par`el/IEEEon,Suomp@(SC20080///3(VELL_͖77>ARFOR,.ԫnetworkffec Gg.Ap[RInfoؓ232(9עעםǝǝǝ4DVIgB.Ĝxs:H'GEToood6Ihrnal׈`8p!WC tiib(WCW1203215///5_>ECIMAILROJECTuaP="http://freshm.`/jI/decim/Pcode>~'''6FELDI/ETTYSJMOGUL׀тRYSTYKASINTḚLUACHoPoo?ERNER-&ETytextranstl TTP/1.1.FC 2616 (Drafttard June /WWWGGGG77>LANAGAqJavaScript:*Defini2GuideifEdon.'Reillyedia,(cebastopol,A,06絿׿׿׿8>RASG,˿߿> .AP(sÿ6How nvore88thaneGAUSENIXnnu(Technle33253389EARRP7Jjax:ewphob??ENTILCORFRfox0X@Exsm.mozdev.org7XGB1JNER}IN߮qGarbagellRAlgormsorutom0cynam@MemoHManmȣ;Wiley,ѢG[12KLLE,.HTMLab!getw?w.dhtmodies:sbs/-viewN.Q">
[13]KORNERProcrnationalonferencenistributedmputSystems (ICDCS) (May/Jun. 1990),p. 220226.

ROEG_,..,̉MNG?D.EÕdHRONAKIw.op-10pproWqWeb8thnnuwrfSociety(NETG8)wwwwwww16NIGHTINGALEB~ENPs~FTLINySpecuivex`inR20CMQOper Зcipl(SOSPD2005191205O17HPDMANABHA.Ξ'''''UsXdi8蜷om8Worldidڞ.eramuniceview 26v6223ߧߧߧߧߧߧ߰/[18`TDefiniANTLR:uildDomain-iificanguagesqragmcookshelf007ggggggg19o>ATTERSO.ȮpGBG0>INḷISTODOLSKYD??>ڻELENKAHInmXǮ5GכGGGGE7997//////7[207>ITKOW'J> vROLL*lont`pessubsequs 73surSظ931321ECRIPT.ACULO.U>ʹVLVRARYXl228CKWELiIE8eraXXojgs.msdn.com/ie/arve/p8/268-(6aspxGGGGGGpxwwwwww[23pWBHYPERTEXAPPLICATIԤCHNOLOGv ORK>ROUPgHTML 5rafttardwhatwg.org/html55ʩPJuly 29gggggggg24ׇL'}IDE]CNSORTIUMu.cumentbjexMl (DOM)Nww.w3J_W9Ϻ
1aHhisei0applthe ev0 8m.Ȁl 2 halso `mon,uttas XompbleeticcrossrowXs.ootiscuinpPpa( P/ߌockquoteidth="0em">2Figure 7QrovidesoweroundnheumbofariablHinachite;romannotiscovbjectshiHahonly)y$rero8dDOM 2andlhstate.h15%"-1lign="centerPsiz+1"b>WebProphet:utomatingerformanceredicti؀ ervicesЎ//h171AFpggg߆ggfZuni049804chp10_fn1a">,͇Zgϖς9572,osheBu05!OI3H,anÂ0Q6SbWRAltǖ n@OQ018HQi-׈twwy66džzp//____]28 \tn_idʦ49483G!'NorthwesnniyAbstracto7U="justify|Today,arge-scawcomplexyms,pPmulti䋉 citribunetworkwithependietoapGYinfra0uct.چ\rovidhave Xp1s:im`,aryIgtfeasibil ,stbenefit, [fewools08hefqh|Gǧ'ϾGϾOϐϾ_XAeyhall`cisecapbqobje enciexaessial$xnccuraВ!abner.XЄ`paؒ(trodupProphea\@autPt; eۂloyovelechniqueasedtimtbaZhex҉//,@Pnsh3?f1pdlBʌzbuiled#evalu4cyffinx`?.ppl5SJRMapsxGoogP1YahooJfi'U:홰952t(q!񼐂:aloaimؤnÓ@errRsm1ran 16%qmc8UsQRcxab7 X @mimiziumb؛shoSoftwvR? Manyebcextremeplexyimmatchvence`riofferktradi9alsktopppl؉.ƂinstaX,"drivingirecspI(Yahooaps:risbout 110mbedYobj670KB瑘de.hese`retvhfrom؉diometimpculti K`tI(DCs)5dXribunetwork@CDNs) sOeetnaВȗtcwhassXlarowɚz.ӏUPlack|-lXasubta itXarZstudy-pcei.oreo ҕj(horaependXibhe<`notxownloa8ilvailaanm)UpyvxwaHaEbecapҤrequeXlat@]&keih(1hallengurdjpictjW es/ؐw'ha"ppssPoȡ(PLT)`sYlowus9urnjmp.P@?ܰpAmaz(reporrou:1%0sco@a 100جalay.GoogI 5!AYxr yPdurup)20%16].ŰYssXbظ|ja\R`0swi0bar of/////׺///////(Idey(?ӬXncluDNS0okA@,(RTT)3@p0execu#ǭǭǭǭǮoǭǭǭǭǭǭǭOpell)wpo0easithZ@ntf (e.gaA/Bs>]ySgn)[WeHZpoضmHsлsxjregs2How@rusanXfficysetXns؀8aiImЪ牔hrudayr qheks,hmita(i@dZ91OFKma chengb`hɽ0B_scenxnumbrowP8hg.ׁpout0lpknow@gReӌdecHowy NneXHĀzat(cur$ ﷗ExZpx0ygr:fin9wgo@s:erased vs.nd-system.nheirstategory,ISE23]redictserformanceonerverogsollecthatipprovider'sataenters.sesult,ixphachasimiyvisibilityntoomeli8-sactors(arrucial -ceivHPLT,upageningime,bj8epncies,nd@iple3sous (cross`coHnts)fsenLinkrads33810oto-ponsesfd ܄figuratiHssum*PeffPchan(indi@ubomtelteIor.h $Qpayoldsmall-sca prili3it 0inboxeb)hiX9onqύqvnt. Toe Ќ0shortșpaYsWebPheaol۞fqimpvariou0mizߙݒQ7e F`imbe.g8i>,di95thCnt8)ytribuohyps総h'fo(ely-d_X:apSearGoogYahooe fz+yfutGAs`лU,ough "زBoxsriȾA 100gQݻ neal,opɕus@trollexЧzPlanet-LabXstbed+evalushpQoh𻸻}Эжost16%Q0qui omigin noadiflo0xdi)Їߊ˿X W갱st-Ȳp8pqzteg[c8Fnз,Ìqa 11V:ha 2blemÆ0Їh2'υ??"justifyWWWtMany b vicesrluXqxpagXthatan╙0byrow.ӓHicmaytaЖyta(dynam`obj@ranghierarchh.ooadxy,yp+irstownYؖpHTML 3defintructu@yq.Μ,tꂕ`Cascadingtylehee(CSS)'"scrib4sOHT74embJavriptFrexecu1؈*iQth.\ps81UMryPqueaddial,ucXmrsAprosrin`Hllq_eedסߡ%/-imcipx021R@I "/G16ߦ72Fig1: б)compos*W____'_/B_F ᆗ(8)"betweenh(9riggV`r`gɣ pݸ秱me(dooaabouH_]CiѦnxvisiܧdxtisem؝ackٮ.oreo詁 onq0fnУoQ fྪin؟Ȓccorly,ulHlsoufbsef?'޵ -perced PQ񭨽qBжЧ0tHdiff(0ߐٳχo.hi0Ilat!mtzsY1ahar)$meascR(ihoosfocusqa?????0illr<(=0001062493 Rԋ0ڦea L olilanork}Q cȹ8duzvariobrowEv(պʺѸʽCgAchfurɇ7DNSokup,CP`ree-whhshakӆdatansgR__nflupathdRTplosprodu4إsjaskreevtcѩgene`dynamgScvis@vnpp{(imYabpyjupgrpb0-8raHuctreᗵresp 8b aDNaT_eʇmizۇljشcoQ.u-enst99piuP (ȁjbinHmultivׁs)`b:sob fiaalsoncurignificantostsevelopmeandanagey.tsconomllyPfeasibleorervicerovideroptimizrybject/delayactor,oftennclearhere1fixtheiggestanguck.φgoalAbuild8utomatedystem@acXІ`predict"PLTm)paanyPmbinationPh0eچor.ىɊuseyoarrowownstygi+ou brihmPenefits. yorfZ=by@b* ofXidpongHrolauto# Ѕb[drqull-feaдD (pefox 3)K4so8񟘨1鮺.sgorappwls`ariooغ=s!rnЂ5y ul|ac@GǘGGGGGGGGGG@)𕮱(onsjduovX؀Гworkؤcy, 𥩹PȰXŚߴrlڃt#(e.gPim趉r 95th8le)=dribu፧ҭturpfirs8asonablarnumbp4u*:n,ÉтJJru蔯Iobta𔗶zј<‰_?">Curtldo*expliciZH1â*losourPl.ɫ d;assupadiͽƿٟioDi@Qchanripvolɂ aduRure1oredictionrrors (4.1).hempactf @ketoss `PLTaneighlyariable,nddependennX suchsetworkransi(s,CPongesstatespecific"Brecoveryechanisms.Ɂpitethisimi8؃hownn 7,ebProphattainszraccuracybothtrolledRreal-@ldxperimQrormaldiIs. 3D, Exhr??h2GŇWoo"jufyt71JseB,eirst9sHIviewarelshipsptweenbbjsrdescri`ttype ?cithataimois.xplde`l*oury 8gorithmashtXng 0turbgggggggg/ge3gggggggc.1WIar)?|3ϓ'>MoБ"pa@aymany,pcludHTML,avapt,SSimxsembedd=loaviapar@qup`ntialmultiplen ssteafhlدcForap,jmwaO whoxecuwiliadeR &ݙson s8hiجصnot til2 `il. VmM|cauqbynu8r0somm`9e:)r!ak݀;8SX8עynamictdurywǎ@5corpp!de"`x 0y zysam7e22]0v)ϕc'!cYevZȜEP1browhߘۗח׃"KpBDxafAOW繷__Ƭº__߁F_Giz~:.usuRobePWYcomtely .owrʰ!excepoday'(s(r٤stxmlinfaؗwhich)me`yȑ9u:finisxexaٯphaJԮȯQllelth OT6)rStag <imgrc= / (iiifibyoffset)Bb&a1#+:rددrX㙐scant(X'' tha0Z\stϹTn.¯ ^׸u`¼orilablAgɢcularin(ۿЫY"󰀕be蚭ƽHf/i>.f Ystreambject,ts available-timeuwhenheependencyqoffset Giv06jaalyraph (PDGFapsP4reqhiptwlAA = (V,śDir`edcyclicDŽDAG)Hdclude#nozdlinkpEa؀{d܁9←meaأώώώώώώϏt24vcper񐗐%h3NR0"left*siz+1"3.2Hextraies?OOh3W ggggϖgg`WebProphH\byerturbingcRnHidu.ureyvbѲ;lhߴcpagd! ؏`dan+coptаsi٬exjorlleٌϯpicorrespoط.uppo)ޮ!>.ԩiscover__pNσ܇+mY(㹰896x_\h!requKabilitytro󑧣ٱ0eSn-Zwhobulsx ګogcqsen 7.4,kctQ/R;sri(faccur)prediponGGGGG綾GGGGG[DԞY/s:a #hembedd@ZwBNiXXvely.nroundHywτd@Her`7qVhi(Iibs(lmuxg׾norm9,ankT}reL`ξR gewith7bteaȇׇWqp ntitw%e0NJrdذ+gt԰flu(finJsultǾW߸6OFaapY _nmakwosump:.irsߺ_[doشdu:򰌻X3mhq!ce! eP1uXsomixewR0xinst (ameZUn(rsResour(Ii(URI)Icertatack0mmatchimr zdiffh`zco8t;More!LuduPoasqad tisemd#utihavtimp0Y10uctuؽxFAPDG|becauRurR0cs0l ysuyT havenyescendants.n  7,eillhowhaturredictionesultsreighlyccuratenpiHofinorhangeswebpa`. Theecondssumpmak@st0aricialPinjectedlaySnotA.shich zIsamQre`+mainAKWeseto@si1ns,ivebirriginaЁIvery.hHG>seXe ш?>ometicombinXinpsoA^Th(probabreflȓHacٛ؋?xtte oda@witt2podownloadeedȝqtapplicabeibeca1lead:inXsistǘextrhEanon-streams:>Ǚamb XY:fۅ_bncest>.ϫ+,Qƒ&0vaile-a\alway춘r!)I (s،"can -ul]ۗ@&OyHa9ario!Gɪ̹WV'possiޖׂbό̉Okmpi؉oTBas! ,lgthm $NonSPʷake2hTeaD(inferrfromrou0tep)ApuxX4䂷t24xЧ9ߧ%1%'%imgcx0216HI(e"/?Å/>Fig 3: Kexa/br/("nt(O,ĭ6)F(XY#Z1(X΀Is =rue/Y///Mf ({Y)ǃFalsτ߆:BkEndIf7߇EddZ?gG7777m^justifyGmHace="ifing` encyfs:>eethoscribabovpful8discrAj.e xr w\Y(IKLURIf҆, Ѝ$downloaisxecuted.hisauses IoependnothHa@JBwhileonlysс.ccordingthereviousethod,cannoteCarentfsinc descanastorWNoneless,hen[ownloaO9slowJmayaveXȁed @for"offset Givhatreambject/)its@e p2fol;termin hr\WWhirreڔ!whopagd㉰rolt؆mePxahλτg al+ՙ/houldytimђ؛ mєwi˕ϕϕ′ڗ th8hasrequ`tarsut.뇪hdirinferr8from workrsu(ybitHrg8ЦGGBl 2taka۫ Uafgg?8Se.G,woveryloseWWWWW24y%''1%.x'#imgcindex(0217AIm@"/W?__16'//*Figup4:ermidictihproced 8WWWoWwwwwwwwwwrWU؇өaaddialLHtGGGGgainٲBsa`z weX`del9ϰʮEknon-|"y9648LϭϪ3;Y/W/////ݨ0ruòOO?oS ׸ԣn03/>'sT1litt(eff :{ed8ϴȼƧWWWWW777ߜw77">hoi,l{(de-twmeasmaccu0(iciency.mxlX1XimWWmtab leadlon `ningsr
  • i(u,):layer-选D(@om xY(Ugers(ЂȀq> idddresB)airs. OsuccQ// or‹, odb$aamplef~useoل/r''''ǧǧǧwglob(paramesrf8,fdgةxermʫs0s;ϥϥlsoan mahiximewZag.ypiPlsPllavxbJageudgeth(amongs.Ӭ 72u9;show !varyr_mpam`performance϶wϲ____ץseuddelepos=0858768 >Fig4Mwalkl@ 0ҫsnetworknm5ީۄꄙڭHbuilsora?goodtyPathotίdfrequly`pades'7M???'24crY׺C%1%'%imgindex015`alhIm"/?//16߅OxrocedypEfun E#8xecutnwwwwwremain+ϺwpKF@22,//>hoo :IDdP0ess f🷦*-0ЦPy kaakey(~.ȿ/deȶmutuɧ9ursivelyDINGERSV(u,, ׿)wzesul*!p>thpinȄGz鎕 > 0,õHOOSE-3EGGG)ߍߏ4UQ 1)Axpl8CS P 5.3, aXs唩qlpwevSybilhaveed,nsuroughalance eشrCbapanyngʕвwwwwww8oo7o?g"lign="justify">OnceodeastsDorlayer,ollectheuccess8li؁that.Ɂighteemweuldolveis;amayhordoes,yootstrappingffOOKUPi TinmaabZ*pprrouT|ofGi80QSUCCESSORSsubtinentaZ*rlittHbf77togeQ9`wa9d@skw υtloht~([)Pllow1#/GGDNjNjNjrepeapcsww-EAMPLErs8;0@2ccumuleworetXial-.''.works +rPomӧendaue0inˀi`;(fAhonr`mM1alkeyKreturnͰ stor0UciseumbXtBplȳٸ8tȮt{loC񴱸mpad7(analysie= 17W777ߨooooooojFJBechnisurpҺprialو'BjnΜ+̸񋚔iԋ7.1stqualbaxui"菠CE٭??]Qnd(LKetPjy(mhiheaC̡m bbverlap5ultiisufficiqargʥόwevuyeRimmedo/*bf`afrc$u˻0nyhowpnx3R.ikewHogx+7SybilPsusѢasp Yaffɡ?incل4(qjtrgkbefound24cer%Ǻ1%λ'#img x0152(Im"/?16DžϿυϿϿϿ΁AϿFig 5:>̾OOKUP0ced9x/////gggg?>Irds"ickyeqJulf`ablнᱷh3Aleft8iz+1"ߒ<6.2lookupITheasicoalfLOOKUPfclosough eyyillveI().incxverye2ontainsr`om͊qs,axҋlikelyфanWWQ(ifyr'sseudoci(Fig)5)hoscarefulKfocategoattack.Tofrhfocus)nle,tRfirown򟐒fail0repeduadelegZre;!s0`Bre/TRYޚroutinņ,Blayer-zerox203//i>`.ɏn-ҨiYr qΩGEH+l betwe''"תQ ?gIBSnoa㧄a7772繰btx;la__cxonmak‘ombmP9ѯjeiѹ:casGfou0/(0ghqordyess𧻓OIةrem:8wCHOOSE-FtINGEROi@auѸger?ecSec:5.3 ,uSETǾ??;ed ajeigeۤ'',>]yWend@]sa oU+ 19ux.nnot indmajoritRs.owӿsby׍׍׍׸`o,oby8`8_XaD$kɳponx,mo`es'XQhaAgoodildreturn"߻whicha,̿OOKhoullalwayĚaf!ewll8ogf24cenA%h20"left*siz+1"?97AnalysPWhānaupermancex׾h2߅EᅲF)Veasȓfl)tocol,ǐǷ|evu`yֿipun loظ:8kwalk (ߓ߮Xli83)آ.owrpoipad complexitysomproveookuperformanceeyonddinglgorithm.hsectionketcheheeasonywhyOOKUPO(1)essagoinyargetey,eavoutost ofs;hreetailedanouinpcႸItechnicalpport<8pos=0931969 >15]. TodeisS$4,lldeworderys8ouralysis燏0ADƋ0> (gaibabil).̐pzpOhatrandomalktQfrannnodtura e (honea cwИnumbxofttackdٗg.pecifl؍hapreviouslyhown @yyge077gcWWW].eᑲterc0^4.ɆYx <> 1/sosubHntifra#pWks|gleW777778ceɞQ%atab՗p) disjon|es'db҂:ߦߦߦߦߧ2ZX%׋׋՗5ߌ?6׭Intupve\extwha0*Usxr<>d88melemH稸x (1  )Ythoê?߹߹߲߲ٙ`ceetricdxyReQ}5.3 Whānauznoaiorinobetweewoeys.owever0=OY:canonstru⃘ox72GGGGGGGGGGGG@ Bz( xy )a+arci>x, HThHjegױߧgg7g񽗧gOg߶N9Ś{(is(ordeed,b vy)yzprotocoltHBnalysih3aǿlefttiz+1"7.1Winneruccess(;ȟort۽h3EϾwܨRSETUPb (Figu4)觠%UCCESSORSNrout(8hich(lls;-AMPLE>simes,Hd޽,'XmmediatollowingQIDIxKC idxarbitraryپROOOĿ.ɻeGreufficientlyarge,nd dxyssmall,henX(willlmostertainbeeturnedomeoUCCESSORS-AMPLE.husAyhnnerodeu9'sablsucc(,9)ultimatecon9l0cordsclosenoughqpDx=ii( )I. Lemma8bi>C8 WWWW*)rs e`hiWe3haveZfor d+, Hi>p>−1ȕ"" 1Ie!na probۃai]Qof:w#1%ϐimgindex0158Image"/瓷16UHr simplingssumptionwJpkmh9777777777W1597o????????>A??canntuitivI`erpHhres0ollows:ygaehess`withrability,eeOˢ5= Ωkmlogñ X ldCoup0ChectorPPlemȰSUTOӻ@broutinPxam@WXom0rpDqKitpi8ofot/////////h3Gnleft///tz(+1"|7.2LayzerosevendistribuX0=;s (, 0):pximHpฦpnodin>xlle풬.ickҭϵ077ϵʆ>nG#keydb)Qamei翹us,???)/?JםׂFpany, *׈׈׈נ Q/yaٌןyGll*yHgeۄW2jdʺQաǴ'Lemma0Wax,)ithighrobability,eeed `rf 7.3Lsremmunelus 8 h3%Wυ"jifytThedsaryayttackbygtsDCHOOSEj-IDi4aushonestpoirnsameǏ=wwWFwPiЗymg cexX0077ѕImage"/!suffici@farparAatexpecXteaМ,zerGGGE (labLФ46;Xi(bad5) (winn):')YnumbhSyp֧JqikewiseXL7I:p>(gooWˬ//$Dee_]16@_XGOo70Lemmab)ZjysYportionalatothxvio%:ׯׯׯׯװ}24߯߱߱%ϱW2WR׳߳6綧綯ϯCorol1ٯdens 861;i//nɠhOO3Owwwwwϭ_϶ϼ_ϼ]BeʇGH/ӢǢǗboupelow,ultean8'scopaff9߃limited. GEstrategichoopvaluxPbetween a8(1 y56;)rBfG.oweHAKy赼iftalv碎˵vSGanorwileces8idouO/OOOWWWWWWWWWQoremg/,s least2Ob`vQas)lz→ 1DWWnshrinksxpntiO(1/?),??:x734;_'asympН\apachL܄!:.eanX5أoBeideP sett0¾ҋȼ߼7ROOOOjustify">Forostaluesf og@>rf.owever,hen μpproach1 (nottack) 0 (strong,lq8594; 1. 7.4Main(sult:pokupsst `h3?"j>TheXedisections'oolsnables8ovehathānau蒨aへtanumber9messps77777777w'wgggggቈorem ("t)Ȗ(Definekr=km/(1 GE07GC) p@p>3Ap Supposw0ic@s,|}dandjoڜ(3){4{reatisfiedrun2SETUPXbbuilHout tآ@OW|%w86W_ϮϯNowLOOK on yidey. nاngiPoHT|RYoi>succeedsthqbabilityetّ{P[sz] 97777߯NFj许(ggregastor@apacҷaDHTi rheadɁл7w7w774ich@s+extraorkquiredt sty,s.XgǙT7zǣthp׆ӸO(1)w׎w׽formulaRmatme@bo?pد̬o6\mqH37;():zfirHīUCCESSORSE-AMPLEcenought@coXey $orcAsehdցis0AlongdanceYwe`й(wou0n tr 8nnodXsary׿ǰϫ7(`sketchetx'1Dawhvtarg`y"Sdx= 1/yo(`َhoneȎͽO'''''">F,btu9c!ro (2).ylemma۵ٟX` Ɏ:؟Ox, ")taYүڼ(/}line@0r$cl0(layer-zeroőpas CHOOS-FINGERaܴsb>0.s 0a,[,utXcase,N ׭j1us,ojo'' height="0"idth="1em"lign="justify">Second,ecallhatHOOSEfہ҂؁0,y].herobabilityfЅyiv{@iBislp>−1pTςgettoneX egeρۉ#Htion 7.3us,totalxreturn'+simplever 'sens5oodod171.incЂssumed (3)axatisfie3how0/success!Aea_F2_C
    B(4)to (1)ieldsЛ8suoU3ojkrefore,nѥUERY(q,9i>)`eckr__X`tey1  1/PeQwwϒwwwwwwwwpAԭpȡwiԓrei!ld: >xm; (2)oinpccbJ.ombíװiPpculatabove achyse8ts]o}'yר4׵Ҥwwwww2Zcer?;%GGGצGGGצGACorollaryȵQexpЯ numbлpr!HtLOOKUP޻soud]53=O1PWAhtmaximumisclon ύh3left׳׳צiz+'7.5Ro밊`re jygg+linearlyЈ-????oooooooon a-hopHT_4ݘ\am aXhmic.omfrome aint ǯdkmjayer8otagstl0Дs.fq, (3)PdicatthatultipP9unneHsary.his consistentithhexperimalatanection 9.3. 8Impler ȇh2Dž77"justifyOOOtWeave edhānauamulatornd PlanetLab(oeeryarge works omefsocigraphses millsQnodeсwrqourwnO.xingeer-to-AWson'cale(uchXumbp],Ã(Wsanyau-specificptimizzsreduc8emo(um prunnieɈPdirly'pocolhescrib8Figur4ROK63531 >5 ,ak0cݍ̃input`viknobu'ifferparame0sLJo(noђreal-ld>nciIbbutXcoumessag0thatsenddpPurh/~vp8corynr :rotQ`u'/////ץF_FalsoIMpplicyPythpI-pass comheETUP;-E #( ifea0eetgggggggggggg`Ofb*wavailources:uno 4_p{jt ouslUQtunly 8I grear:duH roadcast.ihprهӭ,picqsfulΨ ධ?8FurYmlHughfrs8tJ|,ross-w_ !ZooidemtѶ18׼м)xǽch,rydelayxo%<:m98%" xder"ramXbox"0x=""ellspac8p n=#avg.greet//OFkr1,624,992o15,476,8359.5 LJ(nal5,189,80948,688,0979.38w>YouTub2134,8902,98772.637>DBLPo51xV"871,07>3.66¶2r7ŷcr>T2:>ro`tiinp`atseeight="0%">
    <@& 9ResultsNuqtocolootstrom'sbuiఘirtZXItimporȯu[ߑ)fapmixp:ih`򰐄walk Ȱ›uquickHap@taidribonxghquHbͱenB9 (virtq).פHfӆ-yoldpOexPcyjFlУLive-Jo0a0YouTub!DBLP,h(vȞee0sstud1[18, 4538 >26].hesfor xo@(<ș8n @`CsXtimxc 95.4%QDec 2006{d26.9%J@7߹߹߹߹ߺ߹߹߹߹߹߹߹ؑp ces1ainputT╺carn™smdir񟑻8. (majlin(wYaldyymmec.) ul3'asPyn)892867 >T 2)˞degllxphrwithHefficibp11.6J2זזוشoooooϲO">T91XXamp`QoHflì@8̩ziiHAaKeng`w8t.Â)>allmXsi񆧗*toime-ensZvd 100G>dwwFxtexp__pculapX&1/pvinc sO(lobn)24c(er1ש%ߩߩ0ߩߩߩށA face="serif"> Figure 6:>ixingropertiesfocialraphs.achinehowsDFAthebabilityatw-stepandomalkndnpapculardge.Ԃ`Xxis norm`zedhÃimean1.?????24????;1???>A?GlotstpijFig 7:>ţפеo}ώώϴ_ϴgggggggg>lotGG rtڿٿcre.spҢȯð🬧)Ͽstep߶8W9춨7advarv!dssy`m'poQminȼ(iidtiI!xc,oо\lmo*;weh,horthav?ϗfchpಯitro2ɼOϾ7kn 2ʑH1.35?8omalksfength 40re 90%ybils.nhe(rand,0o10illeturn 6(honestodes,lthoughosebeHssniformlyistributed8anongX/k. 9.2Perance`dclusingttack`h3DžE׈"j8ifytTovaluaXWhānau'sPs:againXaچD,e 񇉔zprotocolsgHable"numbЖ!ayer9nddv`ary XForachfcjrti낑measur:essagusbyOOKUPO(1)s*Ag n/XwY.iax@ =,sXۇhy碨Sd21<oeWlsxpe?rHAWTu''GGGGG]wwwFw')simulxGymploy`ge#wes'Aj8oKitsDomm`ced.ɪيl-wordeymu,Ўionqossiixa fractiX_ȳway:r/󡫆nea@c@rCmov@oma@`HoweoۢמcebetweYWWQoperaAhȊcࣲ r scPxap G^9ule`xhowPca noca@7ŏ$/_______'_/׼GG___imgcXex0185ɿxIm8"/'ﻗO6oggggggggFig@ 8:8>ζWWWWUdehs (Flick0ocialxtk)ߐߐ߭߭ǭǭǭǭǭǯǭ> __requiߠߠ۰Yuzepoy9J@cIca withڭgree (Sy3.3)2mȏѹ߯`riХlink.a([!y0aini¢add0) Y-valuair (sucsd db7Asxphed+B߀Ory8pr.ƺexamplTJJaאf 10,ٸnx2whed 2,uY0/%a2z!WeTinpm8гfa8lookup1, I≈B30;n:P@9,__Xdpidlynoan .հЖQmassivs(gڶt)couldhille ckly{ilɾHgf g>>

    Figure 9howsheullataetfhich /,3667.8*is lice. 9(a)ǃnumbermessagesequiredor 100%yourestookupoucceed.fse,o' Xwithrewxfthanupp@boun9(b????=53Tclinmaximumanec)rilyoisiІedih=,ecausecheasbeift8byrandomHtcome`inglrialS4bettguideьWhānau'sxpec!pmance:aabsizb5,(ieƒhkraphwi@̎in 1 H2utXql0sy͌hГ.OOKUPg i>nY/10.owever,0bpv,ӧL,tsitioccHAhPgem,瀭.ɁPrPrde;=waioossimic:auneubstaJHaaedMattackoooooooooፉ'sgbel0_]يm؟Xrm8way)0xt ()zu-AHu(insevrelaa¸ wwwwww"24cer?;%GGG0GGGFAGGon8oj%16GOOOOOOOOFigu9:>emapdeWf>, su*stHgthgzpupfXɥx蹱aarخpbu`>usingp8da Ͽ0wyyׄղ@yׄߙc߄lookupPJ*[trym0120.תC`Xv=J/wڎױ;>ohdegrarapid Tplots'ldoȦ8ihbeca 9٧|po@crdaa`XAiHo 10OOOOOh3ѣ״6t="+1"o9.3LayvclXhsɹ׹Areayersmportant?eanheamexpme(ahnection 9.2,uteeldtotalablizeၸons 100,000 pries ink.vadherprotocolp thosesourc0moV,rbigg-outing8andeasurxImedinumbofssagrequi9byOOKUPhp> wouicAfp-scaxattack1nsest8ecauؐcoȍА)cost⊿ z.ƋFighows2xultsߑescribhY߁ed,amancb0chiev;YZ`gϞ|mavoiÔFlxڧiexcee 5(0.3%n);:xgy > 20, (ǫ(a(8)ĕR''e.t0mra/bmcindex0189Imp"/> 1)[datatsoisy&8egragard𘊠hoiOOOOO24c@erq%a9WWWWW16''o':ROptivus<ower. xaxixhKdashsaHHuiط\aav:adqarwYrpomlkHж(YouTuYDBLP).ѭ鴠XyparisЂ焍'zIreX9iff`ҶitwezXsubJial77777777777777w77)Hؾ`)no9?⢱aboRR\ rWhānau'AsiBʿ( FDHTIe,anQpu knԾeszi,[m0ss(ɪy.i٬coXwexpectjoLHdepX03et.ɾs[QoX1,)!creasߘ_ibht/-Գ8.ώd,WWקPreive!,nowi_b;Xu0PХ-w׊8u rheadgggg ht="0"idth="1em"lign="justify">WeestedhisypothesXbye-analyzingeataollecforӀXion 9.2.ƀaivenableize,empuCeumberfayersatieldPoptimalermancevaanghfttacktrengths.ԅresultsrhownn Figu811)all d xclear:h󄈀Ȇs,ew preferred,larpOmo؁better. ϕsusourpbudget.achoiae /8poIinstY.̑ ospotoipȁ}ԕlineasseroughmedianTeɝההߔ////o//>⡬ߜth0uncqsocietwor`ѧQ_Z8(sumhonodknowsealuPQeaHapproxtely.iWhānau'( notyensitȐ)kchiث`0 sufficiXq(ood__uaIso7oooooo7o]5don'a acȦoGEsedifѽ xgenRynPHs0varyinguszdar8echniquʿآYhmLJ28801,ield-lawgre@istriburexploȰH2.ƮMϢϢ˰ioΧcpܷh8w8demtreduxfTNon-ad cjdidhy Uy'϶'''ϴWWWWWWWoj17684 >Fig912loǵ<>OOKUPO(1),quisxmg(cindex`0193!Im`"/>:*binxhowa0di td. hemap"ia8(s (black2s)BϾQulOTxamplPpmq = 10, Ȁ,ajorbooku8ceed1 2כϽ@≈ 2 ri`ksqua٠pmark)I*fQreal-lkalongsQڇߧYcomppsonh`Nhdio8c8fxڌqown,clear1llIj9Q??'24cerIC%wuwblockquote>

    Figure 12:
    umberfessagessedyOOKUPlocP٘AV:؂?u`ens`vo`tnPiP axngndp­˓sradЂ)رɖ+,fracʭne#'d"awpp(ȠՔgg(sto i(ob 7߻蹯setox!Q/)asymptotichavior,idemoQPAoi: (1HGun(2g{qjQmaЀ osufficiѰhrallfOOOOO24cerq%0A̵WEfwhiΨ]abdpou֦.erhHٓndpAllP/-.ՃQyYslowuntil߷ߣxu@agptҤ rOOThisectioniscusseomengine@ngetailsnduggest4improvementhatelanoxplor(nutuPwork. Systolicixcessb>ostfhānau'sЌb usedeomalks.heref,takenseoptimiz`parbthrotocol.saecursiverXeratiRPCcompu@,᐀ by Figy4@soteryfficix:Xs w0aernodenedߖ'ߐߐߑ1AAetpachHmpl"ȖhourЗ etLab1pRbatch-r once.up!xe2main@n@ool9raddr(ors;xPtutRcopiown.x ehep,#2lyhuffl8i(BixequalHamongpAsocialbor@FJext,bݘedrqrea newrepqf)suОsIpOdsort!эV.ɎsȘ8larg Kximd鎁>g1ǰǪǪǪǪǪǬǬdzǪǴ____Vmanyjfkey$ scribӨhh11mgqindexh0196I0Im"/>lw κbIumbxVhotjr a uts`#gAllquixtwea/uym.on1+ɄŸi>mhDHTݣ*leak=37;()s YthsmȿZt)ٵ𴓳tasksier, culd!O׸GllecXarlyle li+8dnCGWi*aS"xd0utuc ordXs:ariX(8Hshhashy[931449 >13q]'''''϶''''''' analy赑S@7.1xdf(:an^lSUCCESSORSNow+]㣔:G1,.on!okaI`-valupͩhyxo)@q؂ҙ9ng0/aܬ, 1/uRhmodifihdopolicwab:oemptлreduyfloԯspmoYdaptBbrWWWWW24___'_______XH钔hurnItchRusݳ`dofHgainpve:Jexa,unnA]ETUPtwiHofsulnlflncyr`10Ȇvisibility.՗bvcapachXPz;bsiz@quxdVr1B- .à߇߫^every TecondsithRresources,ieldingapacityf K =aOa(2ETUPbver /2usȅndavePeast憀nstanrouttable0Each6ll9և/4,ut Ierd72,totalrema@same.ԁ.ageernitimeso3Zesponspnesohurnou,\//wiaten. TAsc!rickɕembeetsomeȕPforob.ndeedbXnumb8lookups quir:@reasf.ow,beli( 8maypossi!ex`dhānau 0thapultip8cancombin8a)gxlargavbtors@( >24>cen_[%gh2|0"leftgg*dsiz`+1"11Summary(ggh2o]'}papP;firefficiHTprotocolhiᘀecuHag9tpwerfulenial-of-vbttacksromdhs y8unlimitpseudonymureviousdx `walPonst-mixsocetworHayie誱z HleinH ڪIonl mgci8x0197Im0"/>سJkm) rianodggregsystSi𭠺سlp *,|FlУpLXJnal,ouTubDBLPhowwhenkd)10%who8tXʺzH,o(%succjaewֹuu_mؖxxӅ-hop911tro0sioybilEG'?AcknowlQm!Xb>an8Al`MislaidIinvaluatapgr`qan9eЏo ep0hTimyosco0ir(@helpPXar8wsupporbe-ParhProject (aohmtweMIT2Qu(aáunc. aiwan)BNSFINDU׶׶׶׶׶׶׶׶׶׶RefncesϽϽϽϻ-22g[1]A.-L.arabsiR.ȡt.mergI1ScҰN.QSce, 286(5439), 1999񼷚ׅׅ2҅Mow,.huHDHullS.ˡiXMui9.гrsoT.&XSpApYWawrzok.ϾSsӖPet-aPScCNSDI+SxFci,APar. 2004gg3`N9risov(:ڽPuzzɿhsDXPeer-to-AȏKCambri,KXep6oo4h@Ca),.rusc(, XJ.NjshrIwxillachرCRtStructdverlayAO>B1MDec2gg5CgrE.iedXؿReonechanisms. Workshopnheconomicsfeer-to-Aystems,hiladelphiapA,ug. 2005.

    [6]F.hunSpectralraphheory.merica0ahmathlociety, 19977G.anezisnd.ittal.bilInfer:etingodessNetwNDSSsSDiego,ËXFebZ9________8g`h.esniewski-LaaM. pK`hoek,R.ʋnderson-ResistantHTouᓪESORIC쑧9Douceur.9AckIPTP$CambridgexMax210A.uptBiskovVRodrigueEffi؊orOverlaySDIFrancisc411IK. BirmanHng((Deؑv`Renesseelips:uildAHStable2Pthroughncreasedmh2B(g)head3BerkeleК00312N#.arvHJoXaroiu iP`Wolhpkip:ӦȈb ݪ@thraPLoityopertiUSITeattlWLj/??????G3@DKargEh:Ti!oP0grah[LevinHLewi`Con9)HHomreeDHributCac2tocolsRgotpotldidXѴTOCKElHsTXy'4 om\xOne-HXx2ohGlasgow@cotlpprx815gϹ˲hanaa0ga:ohMITechn2Report-CSAIL-TR- -045 pt纏7l6B.Shield$N.hgolqu xSoloJUnisMassusetAmhXtMP6WWWWWWWW17XtizGaxٶHr-M auUsܱ8ѼLallH8MislovX蹀cYhGummadDruschelBharje@M`urHAnaly(On@XMDiegOc󢿽ϽϽϽϽϽϿ[19PscyrispTnbaum1fePrivateĜ薘arnTurx:rds8am-Up`d kecurս;CambridgUK7GGGGGGC20@Rodrigue(LiskovsebudByzanPe-Fault-Tolertoragertect TR/932,ec'''''ϼ'' 1 RowaiW.nckMcDqrtLimijcks鲸truҐ2P:NFOCOMCAnch QWWWWWWW2KSh.-NgyϝDWachHclipsOl:hrsDefenseonBelonSpai`[23xEcMor@C idtionsoreer-to-Aistributedashables. IPTPS,ambridge,A ar. 2002.

    [24]I.toica,.orris,.iben-NowellKarger.ƀq oek,iDabQan.alakPhnan.hord:cLookuprotocolInternetppltiJToN;11(1),3׈׈׈׈׈׈׈25Ј N.ran,ˆi@J3Lubramani)Sybil-ResilientnlineoPxRngZNSDISBosto9Ap;9????????268Yu,Ќ.ibbBKaminskyێXiao.`Near-Optimaloci8Networkefensegatttack|EEEmposiumnecurityPrivacyOaklȗryi8oooooooo277 AlaxЎGua d8χksiaWRSIGCOMMPis`ItalSept628C hLJǏĖj: stanceRecommstem'___X
    13feXec7uldquirePKIhuXdableametec alreplay*(ntrolsop/ǿǿǕ//274">4f1n = 5  10R8,rrox8numbXofnternetostsn100@√Fmbcc*9b[toragestrXdeviciass9oVthatcales쁈 r376295">5ƹЯǼiturouPomoefficiexinchsiePingLsize adrunnmultipPparallel*/////W Crom:aebrowsU2Splvexpᶠh1φJicken@Jeremylsonp8HowellМLorchǼǼǻ׼׻ߋߋߋ߻gbi>Xrosoftes0iwǷowO'#aref="mailto:mk@@S.coi>׀maXOKje9GFσ?ailto:jonh@microsoft.com">, Abstractwoo@qjustifyGace="serif">Earlyeb؆asxpressedtatically,akingtmenableoraforward fetchYreduce-perceivnetworkelay.nrast,day'sichappl tions xenidebehdavaScriptvQhandlers,found?9echniques.ophi@߃؆ omhmata otherhipatoryoc,ut osoluarstd8lop'n-specific.fwWTpaoqsrom,en@ct ulrngin0hatreasimxfi0@askritlow-enc kH@exnve?:c1?e Ⴠunnhemxclon8brow+xtf򗹈+aed-upQ,0mitpu)Xulo8lSin0ʌi9,ц nnmod1li2UA!Hwithψy'AwehowˢX-ۏoheadasi fكIQk.eshGe飕pageo6s pocanq0ubseȨloadIrd magnituxfer//h2߭i]"left*siz+1"1Iԩ;OOh2WWW/>W)ad9PjZhumabegaw Pza{󟠱Tdown 0@arcsiwaysʗWEi:1,q'' ?4, 5126 >15750766220߃74923].ƹ objec OKbeca1 iQPial@ raphԂ(htogebyclahldisc麡,heer1hp1raҼ;gggggggg﹧gg">In'ȇade,s8beXadAreply erG@ (RIAs)mimXPxvitydesktopGB@nip plex,-dependX -sqhoupiarynap$acScoon腯8hHelnyAA|0edgZnbFZXz@9ex8im8b(ndlGGGGG hQre苐dxnȰbٰwrorst,^opportux;oiw:enu(QpXGsu`a .ӔR_;effod8!pynoyiPkiggSԝ 0m]caHWOWWWWWWSquoteidth="1em">Second,nputslayeyoleaminghe te8toetch.hes1mbesimpPlick!ofbutton,rQun(strained ryrrbihtext(aearchorm.ivenpntiallyPmbinatorumb objec@thateeabPbyutus,`prej(mus(d1f9promissubsetAxȃ|likeHrequestsoon. ThirRIA(penon-trivQamou@ imXpdatscreen.ncezbrowhd:necess|,tdevia @ouPIorȔ2o3dis).Ɠmo`graphicڒ(ensppІ,esaakeundredsmill+uH40%cyclPdr22].ӄwrriؒpagoad`cietwork`hso, ؗdefinitAnoticIs.ntuX,arca`iZisr0w0ٗdu`iȎâcosth3fj,0"leftW*TsizP+1"1.2PriSolu򜠜h3d)chenge!oꮨxomdcuaYy[exa,mailPodQXr8ntharmBuupRattmҞbthayet8sPhog)nxlarp8OnlpZownnew`A$neeQ·)`sul aeb]74hpankѳoxir-perce r.hu@W`v0@i,3diffiwr2t0i3non'dmaJmsishiacrǾж3Ou:þ@/////////oa0 low-=wuiq,reusframeQeavaPiptY.ɺSstXsIPIPhWrmainidualvX(nd@s Lˁl <>hhCcxex0>*꯲ha,N[dispmf!y)On>inisPĶ;ҭ0ņ;ѥ: clumdτwell1s0ou(Lr˺act0geneMd-up`ڕommiQ/mohz equivaleclde8mHranhveL outeNJthuBFmit. T zAPInt*addi tysupportex.Ɣit]exYAJAXac(eefetdataatregrrowqwould .ɖ`lsowarver-sAphmak0easilyploaxli1y.ԁxwhoZlibraryǂĔdlopas abynchrono{Y7777724cperY%h30"left*siz+1"WQ1.4Our×ribb __h3gw_wwwwwwrpap$follow:ul li>WHdXЈps(cofhrweb8Ihy@n`melio rougǝ' (4)Xcim𳛄F!wriHnardavaSPpruund-s(5)y65BʒX,ynamlcn0rehlԮ +sI]CJmke8eP/*ptimiz$g-c xma lРda_pUsywqm ta 9bi Ebhurą6LJ}. XsC`'re- Ahhenor114ர)lbhQwith`ink @xzquaCredura-ced Xenc8ڗh)sordmagnitupunXlic`txk6/ʯרﭟButom(H-lask\supporw,gЈ;ˣWefted a㨏ﺷ2G2Backgnd:li-__\2ǹ_____ρF_anguagst!ٟPd ѱ77]0typed,bject-or҄;.t ac)JDocuςo024. ,-neul;exHipJapEaeya©XHTML(s8correspЉه%OMȆyAper눢c>dDOModes.he allows W(findpecificb,reateew,pchangparent-childplationshipsmong. AtrogrammeranorEesihNJse llapplicXape.lln-primitiv(=includiHfunc essiyiariPthatapertyamovaluaA/sianWcȀ suchaumbroolean.Ѓ˄qmay y qaddcdeletfrom<)>for-inikXDStrHEuanimplemirethod QxecubybrPaaintron-level78IȞrast,tYBfethqsourcofu-de 9ɘi#to ()M#gBHHdlerj!mawebgXve0n aas\al'z;Owiinvo`wh 9oIoccurilepos=0001048214 id="FNxsup>1ƢXexa,Ckbutton,w/,owfCS ק0g8 Ƿ pportuniйupd9kHresp0ҍ'''''϶''''''' AJAXۍGD3421 >9]a赗synchronousI(sfulca𺇺sle-thanetworkQaʲsPЯ(ss0preq8Ͻzcn$XmlHTTPR&Aڛ-ʣ5onqysecge׻cÚ׾зН͚repatarqwwwwvh2&*0"leftww*tsizp+1"Ǵ3De(ggh2oM'xCromgoredudqff0eؐul3nsRpartir, A xinim@smou!f2P3qFsri!oi>input#keyboar`P¦API qrJtc-d l atur0mar peble?eak pY7fre argumPJp 1.ՄZ,kHa_n-agnocfe‘e0`ụenlɳea@.bffYĻxvichowpٴ@sqnx򃇾H|iomoruidaѿensucorrnXrDž#)uXoany1our:oooomulli>S  possiblesernputssomXationallyfeaR.hus,romeliesnheevelopHtonstraispecul`acenduggest8asHANve}forarti!hpplicl(e (4.1.15X3).